orphan calling
DESCRIPTION
A Biblical and Comprehensive Guide to Orphan CareTRANSCRIPT
Orphan CallingA Biblical and Comprehensive Guide to Orphan Care
by Jessica L. Johnson
TAble of Contents
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
lesson 6
lesson 7
lesson 8
lesson 9
lesson 10
Small Group Guide
Footnotes
What Do You Know?
What Does The Bible Say?
Who Is An Orphan?
What’s Wrong With Orphanages?
Why Do We Build So Many Orphanages?
If Not Orphanages, Then What?
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Who’s Doing Community-Based Care Well?
What Are My Next Steps?
1
9
21
25
31
35
46
54
61
69
78
94
Lesson 1
Whatdo you know?
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Pure and genuine religion in the sight of God the Father means caring for orphans and widows in their distress. ~James 1:27
1
as a follower of christ
to help rescue
Should you Go?Should you raise Money?
who should you give the money to?
the orphans in africa
do something
But what shouldyou do?
you believe you must
Each of these
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what does the bible say about orphans?
what causedchildren to
becomeorphans?
who are orphans &
what is their reality?
what are theavailable
options fororphan care?
Which of theseoptions is in the
best interest of the child?
How do you know? ?
2
What do you Know?Before you discover the answers to the questions, it's important
to begin with what you know.because what you know determines what you do.
As Christians, our first response should be to turn to scripture. So, that is where we will start.
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What led you to feel personally called to care for orphans in Africa? l�-#£-$!£�$32=-$ধ32T�9'8132T�1-99-32�;8-6T�#330T�';$WSm
3
as we move from the orphan in Scripture to the reality of the orphan today, reflect on the following questions.
How would you de9$8-#'�38�&')2'�;,'�[386,!2�$8-9-9\�-2��(8-$!S�l�,@�!8'�;,'8'�93�1!2@�386,!2'&�$,-£&8'2Sm
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Based on your definition, imagine an individual orphan. Let’s say that his name is joseph, he is 4 years old and lives in Malawi. Draw joseph and how you picture his current reality. Feel free to include his surroundings and
words that describe him.
4
picture Joseph a few years later after he has been
cared for by you or the people you decide to support
financially. Draw how you would picture his new reality.
include his surroundings and words that describe him.
Now that you have a picture in mind of an individual orphan and the impact you can make in his life. Imagine how you would achieve ;,-9�;8!29(381!ধ32�-2��39'6,�!2&�3;,'8�386,!29�£-0'�,-1W� (�@3<�,!&�<2£-1-;'&�)2!2$-!£�8'93<8$'9�!2&�!�;'!1�3(�6'36£'�;3�,'£6T�>,!;�would you do or build? Where would you build it? How many orphans would your ministry help? Etc. Draw your vision!
5
isolated
Abused
starving
vuln
erab
le HIV Positive
stigmatized
in need of rescue Your second picture of
joseph might have looked
something like this:
And used
words
such as:
fed
happy
healthy
educated
rescued
accepted
loved
rejected
a few years later
And used
words
such as:
While there are orphans in Malawi and the rest of sub-Saharan Africa that >3<£&�);�;,'�&'9$8-6ধ32�3(�-93£!;'&T�!#!2&32'&T�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'T�9<868-9-2+£@�1!2@�386,!29�-2��!£!>-�!2&��(8-$!�&3�23;W��'+-22-2+�-2��'9932��T�>'�>-££�£330�&''6'8�-2;3�;,'�8'!£-;@�3(�386,!2,33&�-2��(8-$!�!2&�;,'�#!$0+83<2&9�
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If you are like the majority of
Bible-Believing Christians in america,
you probably pictured joseph like this:
6
When you envisioned how you would impact the life of Joseph and other Malawian orphans, you may have pictured building
something like this
or
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7
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Learn to do
right;
seek justice
.
Defend the
oppressed.
Take up the
cause of th
e fatherless
;
plead the c
ase of the w
idow.
Isaiah 1:17
REFLECTION
8
Lesson 2
Whatdoes the bible say?
Exodus 22:22Do not take advantage of the widow or the fatherless.
Deuteronomy 10:18[God] executes ju ce for the orphan and the widow, and shows His love for the alien by giving him food and clothing.
Deuteronomy 24:17Do not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless of jus or take the cloak of the widow as a pledge.
Psalm 68:5A father to the fatherless, a defender of widows, is God in his holy dwelling.
Psalm 82:3Defend the weak and the fatherless; uphold the cause of the poor and the oppressed.
Psalm 146:9The LORD watches over the foreigner and sustains the fatherless and the widow, but he frustrates the ways of the wicked.
Jeremiah 22:3This is what the LORD says: Do what is just and right. Rescue from the hand of the oppressor the one who has been robbed. Do no wrong or violence to the foreigner, the fatherless or the widow, and do not shed innocent blood in this place. Zechariah 7:10Do not oppress the widow or the fatherless, the foreigner or the poor. Do not plot evil against each other.James 1:27Pure and unde)£ed religion in the sight of our God and Father is this: to visit
and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.
Before we enter into the definition of orphans and research on orphan care, let’s begin again with Scripture. Read through the following verses and then
write down your observations on the following page.
9orphans
Write down what you observed while reading through the scriptures on orphans:
hopefully what you observed was that the
orphans and fatherless were always found in conjunction
with widows, the poor,
or the foreigner.
Scriptural Background
In the Old Testament, the father was the head of the household. If he died unexpectedly, his widow and orphaned children were in danger of losing legal !2&�6,@9-$!£�683;'$ধ32�!9�>'££�!9�daily provisions. When a father died, it was the responsibility of the larger community to care for the widow and orphans.
WHY WAS IT SO DEVASTATING TO LOSE A PARENT IN THE OT?
1. cultural identity
2. socialization & preparation
3. Religious instruction
it was the responsibility of the parents to nurture and train their children so that they understood what it meant to be an Israelite.
parents socialized their children into their appropriate roles and trained them in the skills they would need to survive parents instructed them in the worship of
Yahweh and were the model of life and worship.
1
2
10
In the old testament,
to do justice
It is
and compassion
the call
israel's history.
for the widows&orphansis echoed throughout
from YAHWEH to reflect his character. a demand
The Israelite community was responsible for
including the orphan and widow in
religious and other aspects of
cultural life.
Religious feasts
Families and towns were to facilitate and welcome
the involvement of the orphans in their midst at the
religious feasts. These celebrations were annual
reminders of Israel's unique corporate identity in the
world, and the orphan was not to be cut off
from this special privilege.
in James 1:27“orphans and widows” are understood as a unit, not as separate groups. For the New Testament church, they would have seen the link between what James was saying and the Old Testament mandate to care for the widows and orphans.
What aboutthe new
testament?In the nt, caring for the orphan and widow was evidence of belief in Christ.
3
4
5
6
11
what does the bible say?
Just as the early church related James' words back to God's heart for the poor and marginalized in the Old testament, we need to connect James 1:27 to god's overall mission. God’s mandate to bring the orphan and widow into society is just one aspect of his mission of redemption seen throughout scripture. Before we zoom into the issue of orphanhood today, let’s step back and be reminded of Scripture’s Grand Narrative and our role within it.
part 2
God’s mission of reconciliation
1. creation In the beginning God created the Heavens and the earth…
T h e r e w a s p e r f e c t h a r m o n y b e t w e e n :M a n & G o dM a n & S e l fM a n & O t h e r sM a n & C r e at i o n
shalom
12
2. the fallIn Genesis 3, Sin entered the world and… ..
W h e r e t h e r e u s e d t o b e h a r m o n y , t h e r e i s n o w a l i e n at i o n b e t w e e n :M a n & G o dM a n & S e l fM a n & O t h e r sM a n & C r e at i o n brokenness
...…tainted every aspect of God’s good creation.
sin
3. reconciliationI n G e n e s i s 1 2 , G o d d e c i d e s t o
b u i l d a n at i o n o u t o f o n e m a n s o
t h at t h i s n at i o n c o u l d pa r t i c i pat e
i n h i s m i s s i o n t h r o u g h b e i n g a
b l e s s i n g t o a l l p e o p l e . B u t … at
t h e e n d o f t h e O l d T e s ta m e n t ,
w e s e e t h at I s ra e l f a i l e d t o
a c c o m p l i s h G o d ’ s m i s s i o n .already,
but not yet kingdom
S o , G o d s e n d s h i s s o n t o b e t h e
u l t i m at e a c t o f r e d e m p t i o n
t h r o u g h h i s l i f e , d e at h , a n d
r e s u r r e c t i o n . W h e n C h r i s t
r e t u r n s , G o d ’ s m i s s i o n w i l l
b e f u l l y r e a l i z e d a n d
a l l t h i n g s w i l l b e s e t r i g h t
a g a i n . B u t , C h r i s t h a s n o t
y e t r e t u r n e d …
sin
13
4. restoration/ redemption
When Christ returns, God’s Kingdom will be fully established and creation will be made new.
P e r f e c t h a r m o n yw i l l b e r e s t o r e db e t w e e n :M a n & G o dM a n & S e l fM a n & O t h e r sM a n & C r e at i o n
shalomrestored
He will wipe every
tear from their eyes. There will be no more death
or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has
passed away. He who was seated on the throne said, “I am making everything new!”
�x�'='£!ধ32���V�f�
�9��,8-9ধ!29T�>'�@'!82�(38�the day when Christ returns and we can move from living
in an already but not yet kingdom and into God’s fully '9;!#£-9,'&�0-2+&31W��<;�<2ধ£�that day comes, what are we
called to do?
We are called to continue the mission of
God’s people to be a blessing to the world. We become a blessing to the
world when we accept our roles as peacemakers, seeking to provide the world with glimpses of Shalom.
(Shalom=the ‘already parts’ of the ‘already but not yet’ kingdom)14
“Within the biblical story, the �,8-9ধ!2�&-9$3='89�!�$329;!2;�����$!££�(38�/<9ধ$'�32�#',!£(�3(�;,'�
>'!0�!2&�(38+3ħ'2W� 2�;,'���#-#£-$!£�;8!&-ধ32T�/<9ধ$'�-9�!2�!96'$;�3(��3&Z9�Shalom, a 23ধ32�;,!;�$!88-'9�>-;,�-;�;,'�
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sinWhen we love our enemies, we reveal God’s Kingdom. When we help the poor, we reveal God’s Kingdom. When we protect the rights of the vulnerable, we reveal God’s Kingdom. When we care for the orphan and widow, we reveal God’s Kingdom.
glimpsesof shalom
As we reveal God’s Kingdom in our sin stained world, we can invite non-believers into the Kingdom so that they can fulfill their role as a blessing to the world.
let’s take a
closer look
at the biblical
meaning of
shalom
�9�#'£-'='89T�3<8�83£'�>-;,-2��3&Z9�
mission is to work toestablish Shalom as we 8'='!£��3&Z9�0-2+&31W�
We are to be shalom-makers, 38�6'!$'1!0'89W�
7
15
So,how does all of this relate back to orphan care?
consider the following:
&God’s mission of
redemption is about redeeming all of creation,
not just individuals.Our role in establishing
shalom refers to all aspects of our fallen
world, not just individuals.
orphan care should involve the restorat ion
of not only the orphan, but the ir fam ily , commun ity ,
and env ironment.In the West, we value the
individual. This is
8'*'$;'&�in how we
understand the gospel
and how we tend to view orphan $!8'W
Think about how you would
share the gospel.would it sound something like
this?
“Believe that Jesus died 32�;,'�$8399�(38�
your sins and ask him into your heart so that
@3<�$!2�£-='�(38'='8�in heaven with him.”16
while thisgospel is true
it is incomplete.
Jesus never explained the gospel in this way.
For Jesus, the goodnews was always linked
to the kingdom.Jesus said, "I must preach
the good news of the kingdom of God...for i was sent for this purpose."
Luke 4:43Just as Jesus’ life revealed the kingdom, when we bless others we reveal glimpses of the kingdom. This gives us the perfect opportunity to present the gospel to those we bless.
Therefore,our gospel
presentationshould include
the kingdom
“When you believe in Jesus and
submit to his lordship, you enter into his kingdom. You !8'�23>�!�0-2+&31�$-ধA'2R��9�
!�$-ধA'2�3(�;,-9�!£8'!&@�but not yet kingdom,
@3<�,!='�!�2'>�6<8639'R��3<�are commissioned by God to
be a blessing to the world and expand God’s kingdom by
-2=-ধ2+�3;,'89�-2;3�-;�through belief
in Jesus.”
Now, let's look athow we can applythis kingdom perspectiveto how we approach orphan care. 17
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,'!8;W ��,'�9'$32&�-9�!�$311<!£�=-'>�>,'8'T� -2�#'£-'=-2+�-2��'9<9T �>'�'2;'8� -2;3�,-9�0-2+&31�>,'8'�3;,'8�#'£-'='89�!£8'!&@�8'9-&'W�
& Me
Me kingdom of God
Jesus
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Me
kingdom of God
&JesusKingdom Citizens all
live for the samepurpose: to blessothers and expand
the kingdom18
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,'£6�8'9;38'�;,'�386,!2�!2&�;,'-8�$311<2-;@W
"orphan" "orphan"grandma
Uncle
churchfamily
teachers
aunt
neighbors
cousinsAn individualisticunderstanding of“orphans” leads
toA communal
understanding of“orphans” leads
to
Strengthening therelationships the “orphan”
has with the variousmembers of the community
Removing the“orphan” andplacing them
into some formof residential
care.
19
REFLECTION
�,!;�&3'9�;,-9�#-#£-$!£�6'896'$ধ='�;'££�@3<�!#3<;��3&Z9�heart and design for orphan care?
�3>�&3'9�;,-9�-16!$;�@3<8�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!2�$!8'�(38�;3&!@S
Take a moment to draw a biblical picture of orphan care
20
In Chichewa, malawi's official language,the word translated as orphan,
is derogatory.it refers to someone
relatively rare
who is disconnected, isolated, and with no one claiming tiesor responsibilities for their care and well-being.
ana amasiye,
a situation that is
DoubleOrphan
SingleOrphan
Social/Destitute
Unaccom-panied
abandoned
A child who has lost both Parents
A child who has lost only one Parent
A child living in extreme poverty whose 6!8'2;l9m�,!='�23�!$$'99�;3�232f8'9-&'2ধ!£child care
A child separated from their parentsduring war or natural disaster
��$,-£&T�<9<!££@�!2�-2(!2;T�>,3�-9�£'đ�#@�a parent or caregiver, usually in a public place 38�8'9-&'2ধ!£�-29ধ;<-32W�
categories of Orphans
the Vast majority of orphans in Africa live with relatives
98%
of Zimbabwe's orphans are living in a family setting
95%
of orphans in rural tanzania are taken care of by relatives
whois an orphan?
Lesson 31
2
3 4
21
If the majority of orphans have parents or relatives that can care for them,
Why are they in Orphanages?85% Why?
Push & PullFactors
!1-£-'9�<9'�8'9-&'2ধ!£care as a survival strategy,
responding to bothpush and Pull factors
Push factors
Pull factors
Residential Care
5
6
Poverty
familial stress
Unemployment
Intra-Family Abuse
housing
Healthcare
Food
education
Better
Material S
upport
22
of children living in orphanages 38�3;,'8�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�,!='-&'2ধ)!#£'�!2&�;8!$'!#£'�8'£!ধ='9W
6
Other Factors for why Children find themselves in residential care
Urbanization
War & disaster
HIV/AIDS
7
89
10
11
UrbanizationAs more & morepeople move to
;,'�$-ধes for jobs,child abandonment
is becoming a $31132�68!$ধ$'W1!2@�ধ1es this
is because familieslack the supportof their extended
families and $311<2-ধes thatthey had in theirrural villagesW�
War & DisasterOrphanages and other forms of
re9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'1<£ধ6ly in response
to the amount of children separatedfrom families due
t3�$32*-$;�38natural disastersWThese orphanagesopen their doors
to children orphaned by war
and children whosefamilies cannot
care for them due to poverty caused by
the war ordisas;'8W�
HIV/AIDSThe HIV/AIDS
pandemic causesmillions of children to
becomedouble and single
orphansW��!2@families lackthe resourcesneeded to care
f38�;,'�$,-£&8'2Wmany orphanages
are built 96'$-)$!£ly for children with
HIV/AIDSW��,-£&8'2are placed because
parents assumethey cannot care
f38�;,'1W
abuseThere areinstances
where childrenare not in
safe familiesand someform of
non-familybased careis necessar@W�
DisabilityPhysically &
�'2;!£ly disabled children are placed
in orphanagesdue to the
common belief that &-9!#-£-ধes
are evidenceof a curse on the family or the lackof knowledge
of how to carefor a child
>-;,�&-9!#-£-ধesW
PovertyPoverty isthe driving
force behind children being
placed in orphanages-2��(8-$!W
In thepoorest
$311<2-ধes, orphanges
respond to poverty and
lack of services,not lackof familyW 12
11
7
89
10
ABUSE
Disability
Poverty
23
REFLECTION
List your new insights about who an orphan is and how!2&�>,@�;,'@�)2&�;,'19'£='9�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W
�,-20�#!$0�;3�@3<8�#-#£-$!£�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!2�$!8'W��,-$,�#-#£-$!£�68-2$-6£'9�!66£@�;3�;,'�386,!2�$8-9-9�;3&!@S
24
Even when
children have
lost both parents,
!£;'82!ধ='�(!1-£@
6£!$'1'2;�-9�
68'('8!#£'�;3
-29ধ;<ধ32!£�$!8'W
�3<�1!
@�#'�;,-2
0-2+T�
“Even if a child is not a tru
e
double orphan, is it not
#'ħ'8�(3
8�;,'1
;3�#'�-2
�!�9!('�'
2=-8321
'2;�
where they are provided
>-;,�+33
&�'&<$!
ধ32T�
health care, clothing,
and food?”
Let's take acloser look at
residential care
Lesson 4
Whatis wrong with orphanages?
1
25
When you envisioned your orphanage at the beginning of the study, you may have pictured a children’s village 8!;,'8�;,!2�;,'�;8!&-ধ32!£�&381-;38@�9;@£'�386,!2!+'W�
There are typically��36ধ329�(38�386,!2�$!8'�-2��(8-$!WWW�
community-based care
TraditionalOrphanage
children’svillage
26
Effects of residential careWhile not all forms of residential care are the same, the effects are similar.
attachment disorderovercrowding
limited contact with family membersstigmatization in community
lack of preparation for the future
Why is residential care Nota Good option for Children?
Children's villages
response to the
� 93£!ধ32�(831�$<£;<8'�{�$311<2-;@W����-ă$<£;@�8'-2ধ+8!ধ2+�
-2;3�93$-';@W�'!£3<9@W��'6'2&'2$@W�
There is no doubt that a child placed in a
Popular
Why is it not in the best interest of the child to live
there?
orphan Crisis. $,-£&8'2y9�=-££!+'�>3<£&�,!='�!�1<$,�#'ħ'87<!£-;@�3(�£-('�;,!2�!�$,-£&�-2�!�;8!&-ধ32!£
orphanage or even in their own community. So,
have become the most Isolation
fromcommunity
&culture
difficultyreintigrating
back intosociety
Jealousy
Dependency
Children’sVillage
[ �>!9�=-9-ধ2+�!2�386,!2!+'�;,!;�8'$'-='&�(8'7<'2;�=-9-;9�(831��1'8-$!2�!2&��8-ধ9,�$,<8$,'9W��,83<+,3<;�1@�9;!@T�$,-£&8'2�3(�!££�!+'9�>'8'�9''0-2+�'13ধ32!£�!2&�6,@9-$!£�!ħ'2ধ32�(831�3<;9-&'89�9<$,�!9�1@9'£(f,3£&-2+�3<8�,!2&9�!2&�931'ধ1'9�$£-2+-2+�;3�<9W� �>!9�$32$'82'&�#'$!<9'�$,-£&8'2�>,3�,!='�(381'&�,'!£;,@�!ħ!$,1'2;9�!8'�<9<!££@�138'�$!<ধ3<9�3(�9;8!2+'89W� �!£93�>388-'&�!#3<;�,3>�'!9-£@children that have grown up with a succession of temporary caregivers might be exploited.”�������������x�'3ø�39;'8T�6'&-!;8-$-!2T� -1#!#>'
2
3
27
Children’s VillagesOUr Best Intentions Often have negative unintended Consequenses
�'$!<9'�1!2@�3(�;,'�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�'2$316!99�1<£ধ6£'�,3<9'9T�!�&-2-2+�,!££T�9$,33£9T�!2&�8'$8'!ধ32!£�(!$-£-ধ'9T�;,'@�!8'�3đ'2�#<-£;�-2�-93£!ধ32�(831�;,'�$,-£&8'29Z�(!1-£-'9�{�$311<2-ধ'9W�>,-£'�;,-9�=-££!+'f£-0'�9'ষ2+�!££3>9�(38�9!(';@�(38�;,'�$,-£&8'2T�-;�1'!29�;,!;�;,'8'�-9�23�2''&�;3�-2;'8!$;�>-;,�;,'�£!8+'8�$311<2-;@W��,'2�$,-£&8'2�'2;'8�-2;3�;,'�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'T;,'@�£39'�$322'$ধ329�;3�!2�'?;'2&'&�(!1-£@�;,!;�(3819�;,'�68-1!8@�93$-!£9!(';@�2';�(38�139;�!&<£;9�-2�ধ1'9�3(�2''&W�
Isolation
Dependency
jealousy
reintigration
Many children coming out of the $,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�,!='�£'!82'&T#@�23�(!<£;�3(�;,'-8�3>2T�;3�#'683('99-32!£�386,!29W��,'@�“have learned from their life '?6'8-'2$'�;,!;�931'32'�'£9'�1<9;�#'�8'96329-#£'�;3�683=-&'�;,'-8�#!9-$�2''&9W\
�3;�!££�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�0''6�;,'-8�children completely isolated from ;,'-8�(!1-£-'9W��31'�!££3>�;,'�children to visit their families on ,3£-&!@9W��3>'='8T�>,'2�;,'�$,-£&8'2�return home they face issues such as 9ধ+1!ধA!ধ32T�&-9$8-1-2!ধ32T�!2&�/'!£3<9@W�
"I prefer staying here than in my
=-££!+'�#'$!<9'�;,'�$311<2-;@�-9
/'!£3<9W�>,'2� �+3�,31'�(38�;,'��
,3£-&!@9T�;,'@�!£>!@9�9!@T�z�32y;�
#<@�$£3;,'9�(38�,-1�#'$!<9'�,'�
8'$'-='9�!�£3;�3(�;,-2+9Wzff�!�#3@�£-=-2+�!;�!�$,-£&8'2y9�=-££!+'�-2��!£!>-��
�'$!<9'�3(�;,'�-93£!ধ32�(831�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9T�$311<2-ধ'9T�{�$<£;<8'T�!9�>'££�!9�;,'�/'!£3<9@�;,'@�'?6'8-'2$'T�-;�-9�='8@�&-ă$<£;�(38�$,-£&8'2�;3�8'-2;'+8!;'�#!$0�-2;3�;,'-8�93$-';@W��,-£&8'2�>,3�,!='�[+8!&<!;'&\�(831�!�>'££f'9;!#£-9,'&�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'�-2��!£!>-�!8'�,!=-2+�&-ă$<£ধ'9�)2&-2+�/3#9T�!2&�;,'�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'�-9�23>�9<6638ধ2+�;,'9'�!&<£;9�6!9;�!2�!+'�;,'@�,!&�38-+-2!££@�!2ধ$-6!;'&W�
[ �&32Z;�023>�-(�@3<�,!='����=-9-;'&�;,'9'�;@6-$!£�#-3£3+-$!£�����(!1-£-'9�,'8'�-2��!£!>-W� �>-9,�1!@#'� �����������$3<£&�;!0'�@3<�;3�1@�(!1-£@�93�;,!;�1!@#'�@3<�
$3<£&�9''�1@�#-3£3+-$!£�8'£!ধ='9W�X�3<����>-££�9''�;,!;�£-('�-9�/<9;�&-ø'8'2;T����������&-ø'8'2;W��3<�>3<£&�23;�>-9,�1'�;3�9;!@�������;,'8'W� �;'££�@3<�,32'9;£@WWW@3<�>3<£&�23;�������>-9,�1'�;3�9;!@�;,'8'X��'$!<9'�>,'2� �!1������+3-2+�;3�1@�8'£!ধ='9T� �(''£�9388@�(38��������;,'1W� �>3<£&�23;�'='2�>-9,�;,'1�;3�9;!@��<2&'8�;,'�$32&-ধ329�;,'@�!8'�9;!@-2+W\
A "Graduated Orphan" from a Children's village in Malawi
�,'��,-£&8'2Z9��-££!+'T�!�$32$'6;�&'='£36'&�#@����T�<9<!££@�$329-9;9�3(�!�+83<6�3(�!#3<;���g��,3<9'9�>,-$,�(381�!�$311<2-;@�!2&�683=-&'�!�(!1-£@f£-0'�9'ষ2+�(38�=<£2'8!#£'�
$,-£&8'2W�!$,�,3<9'�-9�,'!&'&�#@�!2�����;8!-2'&�13;,'8T�>,3�;!0'9�$!8'3(�¥g���$,-£&8'2W 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
28
1. familiesOrphanages encourage families to give up their children. �,'�='8@�'?-9;'2$'�3(�-29ধ;<ধ329�'2$3<8!+'9�(!1-£-'9�;3�6£!$'�;,'-8�$,-£&8'2�-2;3�$!8'W�,'2�(!1-£-'9�!2&�$311<2-ধ'9�!8'�!#£'�;3�$!8'�(38�386,!2&'&�$,-£&8'2T�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�7<'9ধ32'&W��2$'�!2�386,!+'�-9�#<-£;T�$,-£&8'2�>,3�9,3<£&�#'�>-;,�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9�!8'�6£!$'&�-2�386,!2!+'9�&<'�;3�;,'�[n6<9,�{o�6<££�'ø'$;9\W�
Orphanages draw resources away from communities.
0 10x
Uganda
Tanzania
Zimbabwe
Cost of residential care vs. Community-based Care
14xmore expensive
14x
10x
�86,!2!+'9�!2&�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�&8!>�(<2&-2+�!>!@�(831�9'8=-$'9�;,!;�$3<£&�9<6638;�(!1-£@�!2&�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�9<6638;W�[�3='8;@�!2&�93$-!£�'?$£<9-32T�!2&�;,'�£!$0�3(�63£-ধ$!£�!2&�)2!2$-!£�68-38-;@�+-='2�;3�#<-£&-2+�;,'�$!6!$-;@�3(�=<£2'8!#£'�(!1-£-'9�;3�$!8'�(38�!2&�683;'$;�;,'-8�3>2�$,-£&8'2T�!8'�&8-=-2+�(!$;389�#',-2&�;,'�!#!2&321'2;�3(�$,-£&8'2�-2;3�-29ধ;<ধ329W\
2. communities
3. GovernmentsOrphanages give Governments a Way Out. �$$38&-2+�;3�32'�9;<&@T�[�;�;,'�,'!8;�3(�;,'�683£-('8!ধ32�3(�-29ধ;<ধ32!£�$!8'�£-'9�!�£!$0�3(�63£-ধ$!£�>-££�;3�-2='9;�-2�;,'�139;�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W��!8'�-29ধ;<ধ329�683=-&'�!�63£-ধ$!£�9!(';@�=!£='�(38�+3='821'2;9�;,!;�!8'�<2!#£'�g�38�<2>-££-2+�g�;3�;!$0£'�;,'�$316£'?�93$-!£!2&�'$3231-$�(!$;389�&8-=-2+�(!1-£-'9�;3�6£!$'�;,'-8�$,-£&8'2�-2;3�$!8'W��,'@�683=-&'!�,-&-2+�6£!$'�(38�;,'�>389;�$!9<!£ধ'9�3(�63='8;@T�93$-!£�'?$£<9-32�!2&&-9$8-1-2!ধ32T�!9�>'££�!9�(38�$,-£&8'2�>-;,�96'$-)$�$!8'�2''&9W\
of Residential care on families, communities, and governmentsUnintended Consequences
“If a government knows that ;,'8'�!8'�38+!2-A!ধ329�>-££-2+�;3�
���#<-£&�(!$-£-ধ'9�>,-$,�683=-&'�!�9<6639'&�
!29>'8�;3�;,'-8�386,!2�$8-9-9T�-;�1'!29�
�;,'@�&3�23;�,!='�;3�96'2&�;,'-8�)2!2$'9T�ধ1'T�38�3;,'8�8'93<8$'9�
32�93£=-2+�;,'-8�683#£'1W\
12
13
15
14
29
REFLECTION
What surprises have you discovered in this lesson?
�'*'$;�#!$0�32�@3<8�-&'!£�93£<ধ32�;3�$31#!ধ2+�;,'�386,!2�$8-9-9W��3>�&3'9�;,-9�2'>�-2(381!ধ32�!ø'$;�@3<8�38-+-2!£�=-9-32S
(�9;<&-'9�,!='�9,3>2�;,!;�£!$0�3(�8'93<8$'9T�23;�£!$0�3(�(!1-£@T�-9�;,'�1!-2�8'!932�>,@�$,-£&8'2�!8'�6£!$'&�-2�386,!2!+'9�!2&�;,!;�386,!2!+'9�,!='�2'+!ধ='�-16!$;9�32�;,'�$,-£&8'2�!2&�;,'-8�$311<2-ধ'9T�>,@�!8'�386,!2!+'9�!2&�3;,'8�(3819�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9ধ££�#'-2+�#<-£;�l1!2@�#@��-#£'f#'£-'=-2+��,8-9ধ!29mS
30
It’s in our blood.
��������-2$'��329;!2ধ2'T�;,'��'9;'82��,8-9ধ!2��,<8$,�,!9�#''2�!$ধ='�-2�683=-&-2+�$!8'�(38�386,!2'&T�!#!2&32'&T�38�&'9ধ;<;'�$,-£&8'2W
�������[�<8-2+�;,'�$3£32-!£�6'8-3&T�8'£-+-3<9�38&'89�#83<+,;�>-;,�;,'1�23;�/<9;�!�$32$'82�(38�;,'�&'68-='&�!2&�!�$311-;1'2;�;3�;,'�683=-9-32�3(�,'!£;,�!2&�'&<$!ধ32T�#<;�6399-#£@�!£93�!2�-29ধ;<ধ32!£�(8!1'�3(�8'('8'2$'�9;'11-2+�(831�;,'-8�3>2�'?6'8-'2$'�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�£-=-2+W\� ��������,8-9ধ!29�,!='�!�£32+�,-9;38@�3(�$!8-2+�(38�386,!29�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W��<8�,'83'9�!8'��'38+'��Ü££'8�!2&�,-9�386,!2!+'9�(38�$,-£&8'2�-2�2+£!2&�!2&��1@��!81-$,!'£�!2&�,'8�>380�-2� 2&-!W
�������'9;'82��-99-32!8-'9�!2&�$3£32-!£�+3='821'2;9�-2;83&<$'&�;,'�$32$'6;�3(�386,!2!+'9�&<8-2+�;,'�'!8£@���;,�$'2;<8@�-2�&'='£36-2+�$3<2;8-'9T�1!2@�-2�9<#f�!,!8!2��(8-$!W
What makes Christians want to build orphanages?
whydo we build orphanages?
Lesson 5
�,-£'�386,!2
!+'9�>'8'
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-$!T�#!$0
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1
2
3
4
31
unawareof options
Westernchristianworldview
When an American sees pictures of or meets an orphan in person, we have a deep desire to “save” or [8'9$<'\�;,'1W����,8-9ধ!2��1'8-$!2�>3<£&�(''£�!2�'='2�+8'!;'8�-16<£9'�&<'�;3�;,'-8�8'£-+-3<9�$32=-$ধ329W�������9��,8-9ধ!29�>'�#'£-'='�;,!;�>,'2�>'�9'8='T�>'�!8'�#'-2+�;,'�,!2&9�!2&�('';�3(��,8-9;�<2&'8�;,'�guidance of God. We are taught that through faith in �,8-9;T�-2&-=-&<!£9�$!2�3='8$31'�['!8;,£@�3#9;!$£'9T�-2$£<&-2+�$<£;<8'W\�������9��1'8-$!29T�>'�,!='�='8@�&-ø'8'2;�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�!&'7<!;'�£-=-2+�$32&-ধ329W�38�'?!16£'T�-(�!�&3238�(831�!�,-+,�8'93<8$'�$3<2;8@�=-9-;9�!2��(8-$!2�=-££!+'�!2&�9''9�9-?�$,-£&8'2�#'-2+�$!8'&�(38�#@�!�+8!2&13;,'8�-2�!�9;8!>�,<;�>,'8'�$,-£&8'2�!8'�6£!@-2+�-2�;,'�&-8;�>-;,3<;�9,3'9T�;,'�8'!$ধ32�1-+,;�#'�32'�3(�&-91!@T�shock, or concern.�������<8��,8-9ধ!2f�1'8-$!2�>38£&=-'>�£'!&9�<9�;3�#'£-'='�;,!;�-(�>'�$!2�/<9;�8'13='�!2�386,!2�(831�;,'-8�$<88'2;�8'!£-ধ'9�3(�9-$02'99T�63='8;@T�,<2+'8T�=-3£'2$'T�';$�!2&�6£!$'�;,'1�-2�!�683;'$;'&�'2=-8321'2;�>,'8'�;,'@�8'$'-='�9$,33£-2+�l8'£-+-3<9�!2&�;8!&-ধ32!£mT�;8!-2-2+T�!2&�&-9$-6£-2'T�;,'@�>-££�#'�13£&'&�-2;3�[£'!&'89�3(�;,'�(<;<8'W\
������,'�1'2;!£�6-$;<8'�3(�9'ষ2+�<6�£!8+'�386,!2!+'9�-9�9ধ££�-2�;,'��,8-9ধ!2�1-2&9';�!9�;,'�#'9;�>!@�;3�serve orphans.
5
6
7
8
32
PerceivedDonor desires
What Donors and Churches Desire
What Orphanages provideDonors and Churches
Orphanages and, more recently, children’s villagesmeet the perceived desires of donors and churches.
1. Seeing something that ��-9�$32$8';'T�&')2!#£'T�1'!9<8!#£'T�=-9-#£'W�W���6£!$'�;3�=-9-;�-2�person and to senda short-term team�W���9-2+£'�£3$!ধ32�>,'8'�they can see the impact of ;,'-8�ধ1'�!2&�132'@
�W�Y�86,!2'&Z�$,-£&8'2�����>,3�$!2�Y$!6;<8'�,'!8;9T�����1-2&9T�!2&�&3££!89Z�W���$£'!2T�1!2-$<8'&� photo opportunity�W�9'29'�3(�9!ধ9(!$ধ32� that they are making a ����&-ø'8'2$'�-2�;,'�£-='9�����3(�$,-£&8'2
“When good-hearted 6'36£'�,'!8�!#3<;�;,'�
extraordinary need in Africa, it’s not uncommon for them ;3�>!2;�;3�&3�931';,-2+
#-+�!2&�&8!1!ধ$W\ 9
33
REFLECTION
�3�@3<�!+8''�>-;,�;,'�8'!9329�68'9'2;'&�3(�>,@��,8-9ধ!2fAmericans desire to build orphanages? Why or why not?
What genuine reasons are evident? Were there any misguided reasons that you saw?
Which of the 4 reasons would you like to see changed in 636<£!8��,8-9ধ!2f�1'8-$!2�$<£;<8'S��,!;�9;'69�$31'�;3�mind that could achieve this change?
34
Lesson 6
If Notthen what?
orphanages,
B u i l d i n g M o r e o r p h a n a g e s i s n o t a h e a l t h y s o l u t i o n f o r
a f r i c a ' s o r p h a n c r i s i s . H ow e v e r ,
Y o u m a y b e t h i n k i n g ,
“ If not orphanages, then what?”
The answer to that question is
World Vision defines
a s " a l t e r n at i v e s t o i n s t i t u t i o n a l c a r e ,
FAmily CareThat is monitored & supported by
the surrounding community"
encompass ing alternat ive efforts
Community-
based care
To avoid an Institutionalatmosphere & move
Toward
Community-Based Care!
35
1
�,-£'��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�>-££�£330�&-ø'8'2;�in each community and for each child, there are )='�1!-2�>!@9�;,!;�-;�-9�$!88-'&�3<;W�
Each of the methods listed above can be an 'ø'$ধ='�>!@�3(�$!8-2+�(38�386,!29�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W��3>'='8T�38+!2-A!ধ329�9<$,�!9��38£&��-9-32�,!='�$8'!;'&�!�Y�-'8!8$,@�3(��!8'Z�6£!$-2+�!�,-+,'8�68-38-;@�32�$'8;!-2�!6683!$,'9W�
K i n s h i p C a r e
C h i l d-H e a d e d
H o u s e h o l dG r o u ph o m e s
F o s t e rC a r e
F a m i l yS u p p o r t a n d
S t r e n g t h e n i n g
1.2.3.4.5.
Create your own hierarchy of care by ranking each approach, #1 being the most important.
Hierarchy of Care
36
2
Compare your Ranking with World Vision's Hierarchy of Care:
K i n s h i p C a r e
C h i l d- H e a d e dH o u s e h o l d
G r o u p h o m e s
F o s t e r C a r e
F a m i l y S u p p o r t a n dS t r e n g t h e n i n g
How did you do? �-&�@3<8��-'8!8$,@�3(��!8'�&-ø'8�(831��38£&��-9-32Z9S��3>�93S
37
PreventativeCommunity-Based Care
�!2@��(8-$!2�$,-£&8'2�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�,!='!;�£'!9;�32'�£-=-2+�6!8'2;W� (�>'�#'£-'='�;,-9�;3#'�;8<'T�;,'2�>'�9,3<£&�1!0'�'='8@�'ø38;�;3�9<6638;�6!8'2;9�!2&�0''6�(!1-£-'9�;3+';,'8W�!1-£@�9;8'2+;,'2-2+�&-ø'89�(831�;,'�3;,'8�(3<8�!6683!$,'9T�#'$!<9'�8!;,'8�;,!2�8'9632&-2+�;3�;,'�386,!2�$8-9-9T�-;�9''09�;3�68'='2;�-;W
Do you remember Joseph from Lesson 1? Imagine that you had met Joseph when you >'8'�=-9 -ধ2+�!2�386,!2!+'� -2��!£!>-W ��9�@3<�96'2;�ধ1'�>-;,�,-1T�@3<�#'+!2!90-2+�,-1�7<'9ধ329T �!2&�@3<�&-9$3='8'&�;,!;��39'6,� -9 �23;�!$;<!£ £@�!2�386,!2W ��'�,!9�!�131�!2&�!�&!&T �!9�>'£ £ �!9�;>3�3£&'8�9 -#£ -2+9W ��,'2�@3<�!90'&�;,'�386,!2!+'�&-8'$;38�!#3<;��39'6,Z9�(!1-£@T �@3<� £'!82'&�;,!;�,-9 �13;,'8� -9 �9 -$0�>-;,� ���!2&�,-9�&!&�,!9� £'đ�;3�)2&�>380�!9�!2�<290- £ £'&� £!#38'8�93�;,!;�,'�$!2!ø38&�9$,33£�(''9�(38�,-9 �;>3�3£&'8�$,- £&8'2W ��,'2��39'6,�>!9�#382T �,-9 �parents did not have the money to $!8'�(38�,-1T�93�;,'�386,!2!+'�3ø'8'&�;3�;!0'�,-1�-2W �
FamilyStrengtheningand Support
38
DefiningFamily Strengthening& Support
Family Strengthening is a l l about keeping chi ldren in their(!1-£ -'9�!2&�68'='2ধ2+�;,'1�(831�'2&-2+�<6� -2�8'9-&'2ধ!£ �$!8'W
There are two types of prevention:
d e v e l o p m e n t a l & r e s p o n s i v e
Developmental Prevention -9 �&')2'&�!9V �[!6683!$,'9�>,-$,�-2*<'2$'�;,'�$-8$<19;!2$'9�3(�$311<2-ধ'9T �(!1-£ -'9T �!2&�$,- £&8'2�93�!9�;3�&-1-2-9,�;,'� £ -0'£ -,33&�;,!;�$,- £&8'2�>-£ £ �2''&�;3�'2;'8�-29ধ;<ধ32!£ �38�3;,'8�(3819�3(�9<#9ধ;<;'�$!8'W\
Responsive Prevention -9 �&')2'&�!9V �[!�138'�96'$-)$9';�3(�!6683!$,'9�>,-$,�!-1�;3� -2*<'2$'�;,'�9-;<!ধ32�3(�(!1-£ -'9�>,'8'�!�;!2+-#£'6399-#- £ -;@�3(�(!1-£@�#8'!0&3>2�!£8'!&@�'?-9;9W\Examples: 1-$83f£3!29T �$3<29'£ -2+T �� �c� ���$!8'f+-='89T �6!@-2+�9$,33£�(''9T �(8''�9$,33£ � £<2$,T �';$W
Examples: (8''�'&<$!ধ32�l68'f9$,33£ T �68-1!8@T �!2&�9'$32&!8@m T �(8''�$,- £&$!8'T �$311<2-;@�$'2;'8T$311<2-;@�9<6638;T �!$$'99�;3,'!£;,$!8'T �$ £'!2�>!;'8T �!2&�9!(',3<9-2+T �';$W �
Simply put, family strengthening can be defined as “a range of measures (or approaches) to ensure the support of children and families in the community.” �330�#!$0�!;�>,@��39'6,�>!9� £ -= -2+� -2�8'9-&'2ধ!£ �$!8'W �!1-£@�9;8'2+;,'2-2+�>3<£&�,!='�!£ £3>'&��39'6,�;3�9;!@� -2�,-9 �(!1-£@W �
What developmental and responsive approaches would have strengthened and supported Joseph’s family? 39
3
4
5
Non-PreventativeCommunity-Based Care
[�-29,-6�$!8'�-9�!�(381�3(�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'�;,!;�-9�family based, within the child’s extended familyor with close friends of the family known to the child.”
Kinship Care
Kinship Care is themost prevalent and
most indigenous modelof alternative care
throughout the world.
Kinship Careincludes: aunts,
uncles, grandparents,members of their tribe,
godparents, step-parents,or any adult who has a
kinship bond with the child.
�38£&��-9-32�&')2'9�(39;'8�$!8'�!9�[$!8'�(38�$,-£&8'2-2�!�,3<9',3£&�!6!8;�(831�;,'-8�(!1-£@T�!9�&')2'&�#@the culture.” Foster care can be both informal and formal:
Foster Care Informal Formal
refers to “any private arrangement provided in a family environment, whereby the child is £330'&�!đ'8�32�!2�32+3-2+�38�-2&')2-;'�#!9-9�#@�8'£!ধ='9�38�(8-'2&9T�!;�;,'�-2-ধ!ধ='�3(�;,'�$,-£&T�their parents, or other persons.”
refers to “arrangementsthat have been orderedor authorized by a $316';'2;�!&1-2-9;8!ধ='body or judicial authority. It usually involves an assessment of the suitabilityof the family for the child and possibly the provision of some 0-2&�3(�$32ধ2<-2+�9<66638;and monitoring.”
is the endgoal of
F a m i l yr e u n i f i c a t i o n
f o s t e r c a r e40
6
7
8
910
The &'&!',f&£-,$�9'2('&�'=!-2 �323��$;�,;-!,3<9',3£&9�!9�[!�,3<9',3£&�-2�>,-$,�!�@3<;,�l;@6-$!££@�!2�3£&'8�9-#£-2+mT�!99<1'9�;,'�68-1!8@8'96329-#-£-;@�(38�;,'�&!@f;3f&!@�8<22-2+�3(�;,',3<9',3£&T�683=-&-2+�!2&�$!8-2+�(38�;,39'�>-;,-2;,'�,3<9',3£&W\���!2@�3(�;,'9'�,3<9',3£&9�8'$'-='[9<6638;�3ø'8'&�#@�;,'�£3$!£�$311<2-;@�!2&c38�#@'?;'82!£�!+'2;9W\�
Child-headedhousehold
�,'�2<1#'8�3(�$,-£&f,'!&'&�,3<9',3£&9�;,83<+,3<;��(8-$!�-9�<2023>2W��,!;�>'�&3�023>�-9�;,!;�;,'8'�!8'�138'�$,-£&f,'!&'&�,3<9',3£&9�-2�<8#!2-A'&�$3<2;8-'9�9<$,�!9� -1#!#>'�!2&� !1#-!�;,!2�-2�68'&31-2!2;£@�8<8!£�93$-'ধ'9�£-0'��!2A!2-!T�>,'8'�9!(';@�2';9�!8'�#'ħ'8�68'9'8='&W�
�!=-&��3£(8''T�!�£'!&-2+�'?6'8;�32�386,!2�$!8'T�&')2'9�+83<6�,31'9�!9�[!�;@6'�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�-2�>,-$,�!�91!££�+83<6�3(�$,-£&8'2�£-='�-2�!�,3<9'�;,!;�-9�!£139;�<2&-9ধ2+<-9,!#£'�(831�3;,'89�-2�;,'�2'-+,#38,33&T�!2&�!8'�$!8'&�(38�-2�!2�'2=-8321'2;�;,!;�-9�!9�(!1-£@f£-0'�!9�6399-#£'W\��
Grouphomes
2�38&'8�;3�#'�!2�'ø'$ধ='�1';,3&
group homes
1<9;�#'>-;,-2�;,'�$311<2-;@
Reflection �đ'8�8'!&-2+�;,83<+,�;,'�&')2-ধ329�3(�;,'�=!8-3<9�!6683!$,'9�;3��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'T�&3�@3<�,!='�!�#'ħ'8�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�;,'-8�6£!$'1'2;9�-2�;,'�,-'8!8$,@�3(�$!8'S�,!;�!8'�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�;,3<+,;9�32�;,'�=!8-3<9�!6683!$,'9�;3�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'S
41
11
12
13
�,@�-9��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�!�#'ħ'8�36ধ32�(38�386,!29T�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2T�!2&�;,'-8�$311<2-ধ'9S��,'�$,!8;�#'£3>�9,3>9�,3>�'!$,�2'+!ধ='�-16!$;�3(��'9-&'2ধ!£��!8'�-9�!=3-&'&�through Community-Based Care.
A betterapproachto orphan care
Community-Based Care�'9-&'2ধ!£��!8'�W��8'!;'9�!ħ!$,1'2;�&-938&'8 �W��,-£&8'2�8'1!-2�-2�;,'�$329-9;'2;
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42
What aboutadoption?
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�,-£'�0''6-2+�!�$,-£&�-2�;,'-8�(!1-£@�!2&�$311<2-;@�9,3<£&�!£>!@9�#'�)89;�68-38-;@T�;,'8'�!8'�-29;!2$'9�>,'2�;,-9�-9�23;�6399-#£'W� ;�-9�-2�;,'9'�$!9'9�>,'2�+3='821'2;9�1<9;�9;'6�-2�!2&�683=-&'�9!('�!2&�';,-$!£�36ধ329�(38�;,'9'�$,-£&8'2W�
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43
14
Uganda’salternative care framework
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2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
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D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
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t o g e t h e r
44
15
16
17
4
REFLECTION
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45
Lesson 7
Whatare the best practices?
Now that you have been introduced to Community-Based Care and >,@�-;�-9�!�#'ħ'8�36ধ32T�@3<�1!@�#'�>32&'8-2+�>,!;�-;�!$;<!££@�£3309�£-0'�32�;,'�+83<2&W�
2��'9932��2'T�@3<�&8'>�!�6-$;<8'�3(�@3<8�=-9-32�(38�386,!2�$!8'W� ;�>!9�683#!#£@�!�6-$;<8'�;,!;�@3<�,!&�#''2�90';$,-2+�-2�@3<8�,'!&�(38�7<-;'�!�>,-£'W��,-9�+<-&'�,!9�23>�!90'&�@3<�;3�9,-đ�+'!89�!2&�$,!2+'�;,!;�=-9-32W
2�;,-9�£'9932T�@3<�>-££�#'�68'9'2;'&�>-;,�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9�-2��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'W� (�-;�-9�;8<'�;,!;�>,!;�@3<�023>�&';'81-2'9�>,!;�@3<�&3T�@3<8�!6683!$,�;3�386,!2c=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2�l���m�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�$,!2+-2+�(831�@3<8�38-+-2!£�=-9-32W
�,'2�@3<�#'+!2�;,-9�+<-&'T�@3<�,!&�!�£-1-;'&�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!29�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W��,'8'(38'T�@3<8-2-ধ!£�!6683!$,�;3�����$!8'�>!9�£-1-;'&W��,'�;33£9@3<�>-££�+!-2�-2�;,-9�£'9932�>-££�'?6!2&�@3<8023>£'&+'�32�,3>�;3�&3�����$!8'�>'££T�!2&T!9�!�8'9<£;T�@3<8�-16!$;�32�;,'�£-='9�3(�$,-£&8'2>-££�#'�+8'!;'8W�
expand your knowledge.
expand your impact.
Limited Knowledge
= limited impact.
46
Best PracticesCommunity-Based Care takes on many forms, but no matter what approach
you take there are parameters that should be followed.
4
1. alwaysstart with
famil ies
2. createa nurturing
familyenv ironment
4.every decis ion
should be based
on the best
interest of the
ch ild
3. poverty is nota suff ic ient
reason to removea child from their family
“Scripture, common sense, and years of academic research are all in agreement on this fundamental truth: children grow best in families... The best and most important way for the Church to respond to the needs oforphans and vulnerable children is to strengthen families to provide for their care.”
Every child deserves to grow up in a family. If a child has lost their 6!8'2;9�38�-(�£-=-2+�>-;,�;,'-8�6!8'2;9�-9�23;�!2�36ধ32T�'='8@�'ø38;�9,3<£&be made to place the child in a stable, nurturing family environment.
According to the UN Guidelines, “All decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis...and must be grounded in the best interests and rights of the child.”
Financial and material poverty should never be the only reason for removing a child from their family. It should also never be the reason(38�!$$'6ধ2+�!�$,-£&�-2;3�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�38�68'='2ধ2+�!�$,-£&�(8318'<2-ধ2+�>-;,�;,'-8�(!1-£@W�
shows the various responses to the root causes 3(�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W��8!&-ধ32!££@T�23�1!ħ'8�;,'�833;�$!<9'T�;,'�8'96329'�>!9�;,'�9!1'V�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W���3>'='8T�-;�-9�-1638;!2;�;3�!90�;,'�8-+,;�7<'9ধ329�;3�1!0'�9<8'�&'$-9-329�!8'�1!&'�#!9'&�32�;,'�#'9;�-2;'8'9;�3(�'!$,�$,-£&T����������������������������������������������������������!£>!@9 beginning with their����������������������������������������������������(!1-£-'9W�
On the next page �����-9�!�*3>� chart which
47
1
2
3
4
HIV/AIDS
disability urban-ization
War/Disaster
root causesof orphans/vulnerable childrentraditionalwesternresponse toroot causes ofvulnerabilityAlternative care options for vulnerablechildren
Key
Responses to the root causes oforphans and vulnerable children
Residentialcare
Children'svillage
GroupHome
Yes No
Is it currently
safe for the child to live with their
parent?
Yes
No
Does thechild have an
extended familymember who
can care for them?
No
YesKinshipCare
Is therea family in the
child’s communityor country
who can carefor the child?
Yes
NoYesNo
Has the child
experiencedabuse ortrauma
FosterCare
KinshipCare
Familyreunification
transitionthe child
into apermanent
family
transitional
Familystrengthening
prov
ide
speci
aliza
ed
coun
selin
g or
serv
ices
throug
h an
ethica
l adopt
ion
agency
throughcommunity support
When it is safe,
transition thechild backto theirfamily
withcommunity support
should be a
temporary
solution
with ongoing
assess
ment
and suppo
rt
with ongoing
assessment
and support
Only as a
last R
esort
only in
emergency
situations
Any form of
long-term
institutional care
should not be an
Option
DomesticAdoption
FosterCare
only in
emergency
situations
Does the Child have a parent?
Poverty
IF the
child was in
residential care
InternationalAdoption
1st
response
with on
going
asses
smen
t
and s
uppor
t
2nd best
Respon
se
1st option:Family
2nd option: kinship care
3rd option: domestic adoption
4th option:Int’l adoption
(via foster care)
(via foster care)
48
4
5. The ch ildshould be a part
of the decis ionmaking process
6. Make everyeffort to keep
the ch ild in the ir own culture and community
8. Avo id any
potential for
discrim ination/
stigmatization
7. s ibl ingsshouldbe kepttogether
When a child is unable to remain in their family, it is important to -2=3£='�;,'1�-2�;,'�683$'99�3(�&';'81-2-2+�;,'�#'9;�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'36ধ32�(38�;,'1W�[�33�3đ'2T�$,-£&8'2�!8'�6£!$'&�-2�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'without fully understanding why, or without being given a chance to'?68'99�;,'-8�36-2-329W\�
2�38&'8�;3�$!<9'�!9�£-ħ£'�&-98<6ধ32�-2�;,'�£-='9�3(�$,-£&8'2�!9�6399-#£'T�it is important for them to remain in familiar surroundings and keep;,'-8�$<88'2;�ধ'9�;3�;,'-8�$311<2-;@W��,-9�-9�'96'$-!££@�-1638;!2;�-((!1-£@�8'<2-)$!ধ32�-9�!�6399-#-£-;@W��,'�+3!£�9,3<£&�#'�;3�[1-2-1-A'�&-98<6ধ32�3(�n;,'�$,-£&Z9o�'&<$!ধ32!£T�$<£;<8!£�!2&�93$-!£�£-('W\
�,'2�&'$-9-329�!8'�#'-2+�1!&'�!#3<;�!£;'82-='�$!8'T�'='8@�'ø38;9,3<£&�#'�1!&'�;3�0''6�9-#£-2+9�;3+';,'8W��
9. incorporate
Community-Based
care into
community
development
Best Practices Continued: .
(�!�$,-£&�1<9;�#'�6£!$'&�-2�!�(381�3(�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'T�[96'$-!£�'ø38;99,3<£&�#'�1!&'�;3�;!$0£'�&-9$8-1-2!ধ32�32�;,'�#!9-9�3(�;,'�$,-£&�38�6!8'2;9W\���,-£&8'2�9,3<£&�#'�=-'>'&�23;�!9�386,!29T�#<;�!9�(!1-£@�!2&community members regardless of their ethnicity, HIV/AIDS status, 8'£-+-32T�&-9!#-£-;@T�38�!2@�3;,'8�8'!932W���
[ 2;'8='2ধ329�(38�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�!�6!8;�3(�!�£!8+'8$311<2-;@�&'='£361'2;�'ø38;�;,!;�-2$8'!9'9�!�$311<2-;@Z9�3>2knowledge and ability to care for the most vulnerable individuals-2�;,'-8�$311<2-;@W\
49
5
6
7
8
9
4
10. Ensure that external support does not undermine
community in it iat iveand motivation
“Serious concerns have been raised in some countries that new, &3238f&8-='2�'ø38;9�>-££�;!0'�;,'�6£!$'�3(�£3$!£�'ø38;9�!2&�;,!;&3238�9<6638;�>-££�23;�$32ধ2<'�3='8�;,'�£32+f;'81W��,'2�&3238938�38+!2-A!ধ329�!8'�68'6!8'&�;3�683=-&'�£-1-;'&�!13<2;9�3(�9<6638;(38�1!2@�@'!89T�-;�-9�6399-#£'�;3�&'='£36�'ø'$ধ='T�32+3-2+�6!8;2'89,-69>-;,�$311<2-;@�+83<69�>,39'�$311-;1'2;�-9�23;�#!9'&�32�;,'�!=!-£!#-£-;@�3(�3<;9-&'�!99-9;!2$'W\�
Best Practices Continued:
REFLECTION
Did any of the guidelines surprise you? Which guidelines, if any, do you have 8'9'8=!ধ329�!#3<;�38�&-9!+8''�>-;,S
�2'�3(�;,'�1!-2�'£'1'2;9�3(��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�-9�$311<2-;@�3>2'89,-6W��,!;�!8'�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�;,3<+,;9�32����Z9�!2&�!-;,f#!9'&�38+!2-A!ধ329�;!0-2+�!�#!$0�9'!;�!2&�£'ষ2+�;,'�$311<2-ধ'9�;!0'�;,'�£'!&S
50
10
best practicesWhen remain ing in the ir family is not an option and alternative care is needed,
there is another set of Best Practices that should be followed.
4
1. Formalizethecare
2. Prov idesupport forcaregivers
3. mobil izethe communityand recruit
local famil ies
�!2@�ধ1'9T�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'�9<$,�!9�0-29,-6�$!8'T�$,-£&f,'!&'&,3<9',3£&9T�!2&�(39;'8�$!8'�!8'�23;�(381!£-A'&W��<£;<8!££@T�>,'2�!�$,-£&-9�386,!2'&�-2�9<#f�!,!8!2��(8-$!T�!�9<8=-=-2+�8'£!ধ='�;!0'9�;,'1�-2W��@6-$!££@�>,'2�;,-9�,!66'29T�;,'8'�!8'�23�(381!£�!88!2+'1'2;9�1!&'W�
�đ'2T�;,'�8'£!ধ='9�!2&�3;,'8�$!8'+-='89�>,3�!+8''�;3�;!0'�-2�;,'$,-£&�!8'�!£8'!&@�9;8<++£-2+�;3�683=-&'�(38�;,'-8�3>2�$,-£&8'2W��@�683=-&-2+/3#�;8!-2-2+T�1-$83f)2!2$-2+�38�3;,'8�)2!2$-!£�9<6638;T�@3<�$!2�9;8'2+;,'2;,'-8�$!6!$-;@�;3�$!8'�(38�;,'�$,-£&W��đ'2ধ1'9T�$!8'+-='89�!8'�!£93�-2�2''&�3(�'13ধ32!£�!2&�96-8-;<!£�9<6638;T�!9�>'££�!9�;8!-2-2+�-2�,3>�;3�683=-&''13ধ32!£�9<6638;�(38�;,'�$,-£&W��
2�1!2@��(8-$!2�$311<2-ধ'9T�(381!£-A'&�$!8'�-9�!�(38'-+2�$32$'6;W��'$!<9'3(�;,-9�-;�-9�-1638;!2;�;3�'&<$!;'�!2&�13#-£-A'�;,'�$311<2-;@W��311<2-;@1'1#'89�6£!@�!�$8<$-!£�83£'�-2�&'='£36-2+�'ø'$ধ='�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'�683+8!19�#'$!<9'�;,'@V
for alternative care
381!£-A!ধ32-2$£<&'9V
381!£-A-2+$!8'�>-££V
�83=-&'�$!8'+-='89�>-;,�!$$'99�;3�9<6638;�9'8=-$'9W 9;!#£-9,�132-;38-2+�1'$,!2-9193(�683;'$ধ32T�>,-$,�8'&<$'9�;,'8-90�3(�!#<9'T�'?6£3-;!ধ32T�!2&2'+£'$;W�
2$3<8!+'9�+3='821'2;9�;3�;!0'�8'96329-#-£-;@�(38�$!8-2+(38�;,'-8�$3<2;8@Z9�$,-£&8'2W�
�$8''2-2+�6399-#£'�8'£!ধ='9�!2&�!99'99-2+�;,'-8�$!6!$-;@�!2&�>-££-2+2'99�;3�$!8'�(38�;,'�$,-£&W
�8!-2-2+�(38�$!8'+-='89�93�;,!;�;,'@$!2�683=-&'�;,'�#'9;�6399-#£'�$!8'(38�;,'�$,-£&W
�2+3-2+�132-;38-2+�3(�;,'�$,-£&!2&�;,'-8�$<88'2;�£-=-2+�9-;<!ধ32W
�!2�683=-&'�023>£'&+'�3(�;,'�$<£;<8!£�!2&�93$-';!£�23819
�!2�,'£6�68313;'�!�9'29'�3(�$311<2-;@�8'96329-#-£-;@�;3�;!0'�$!8'�3(����W
�8'�;,'�139;�7<!£-)'&�;3�-&'2ধ(@�;,'�139;=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2�-2�;,'�$311<2-;@!2&�£3=-2+�(!1-£-'9�;3�;!0'�;,'�$,-£&�-2W�
�!2�6£!@�!2�-1638;!2;�83£'�-2�132-;38-2+�;,'�$,-£&�32$'�;,'@�,!='�#''2�6£!$'&�>-;,�!�(!1-£@W� 51
11
12
13
�!9'&�32�'!$,�$,-£&Z9�$-8$<19;!2$'9T�;,'�+3!£�3(�;,'-8�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'�9,3<£&�63-2;�;3>!8&9�'-;,'8�8'<2-)$!ধ32�>-;,�;,'-8�(!1-£@�38�(<££�-2;'+8!ধ32�-2�;,'-8�2'>�(39;'8�(!1-£@W� (�;,'�+3!£�-9�;3�,!='�;,'�$,-£&�$,-£&�8';<82�;,'-8�#-8;,�6!8'2;9T�!££�6!8ধ'9�9,3<£&�>380�;3+';,'8�;3�1!0'�9<8'�8'<2-)$!ধ32�,!66'29�>-;,-2�!�$'8;!-2�ধ1'(8!1'W
4. Focus onreunif ication
or fullintegration
Alternative care Best Practices Continued:
2�'1'8+'2$@�9-;<!ধ329�>,'8'�!�$,-£&�1<9;�#'�6£!$'&�-2�!�;'1638!8@�8'9-&'2$-!£�$!8'�(!$-£-;@T�+!;'0''6-2+�1<9;�#'�-2�6£!$'W�[�!;'0''6-2+�is the term used to describe the process of assessment and planningof children’s needs and circumstances which should precede !&1-99-32�-2;3�!�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W\��� ;�!£93�!99<8'9�;,!;�$,-£&8'2�!8'�23;�#'-2+�6£!$'&�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�&<'�;3�63='8;@W�
5. Developgatekeeping
pol ic ies
�3168','29-='�$,-£&�!2&�(!1-£@�!99'991'2;
�'='£361'2;�3(�!�$,-£&�$!8'�6£!2�>,-$,�-2$£<&'9�!�9;8!;'+@�(38�(!1-£@�8'<2-)$!ধ32�38�;8!29-ধ32�-2;3�!�138'�6'81!2'2;�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'�36ধ32W�
�-+,;£@�96'$-)$�'£-+-#-£-;@�$8-;'8-!�(38�!&1-ħ!2$'
�!;'0''6-2+�9,3<£&�-2$£<&'V
REFLECTION
!8£-'8�-2�;,'�£'9932T�@3<�8'*'$;'&�32�;,'�-&'!�3(�!££3>-2+�$311<2-ধ'9�;3�;!0'�;,'�£'!&�!2&����Z9�{�!-;,��!9'&��8+!2-A!ধ329�l��m�;!0-2+�!�#!$0�9'!;W��330-2+�#!$0�!;�'!$,�3(�;,'�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9T�>,!;�8'96329-#-£-ধ'9�&3�@3<�;,-20�>3<£&�(!££�32����Z9�{���Z9S��,!;�8'96329-#-£-ধ'9�(!££�32�$311<2-;@�£'!&'89�!2&�1'1#'89S��3='821'2;9S��
14
52
14
15
REFLECTION cont.
expand your knowledge.expand your impact.
Limited Knowledge= limited impact.
At the beginning of this lesson, it was stated that you willgain the tools you need to expand your knowledge of how to do orphan care well. Combine your new knowledge3(�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9�>-;,�;,'�#-#£-$!£�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!2�care and redraw (or describe) how you see yourself engaging in community-based care.
How does your new vision compare with your drawing of a biblical orphan care modelfrom Lesson 2? How does it compare to your original vision for orphan care in Lesson 1?
53
Lesson 8
Areever an Option?
2��'9932�¤T�2'-;,'8��38£&��-9-32Z9��-'8!8$,@�3(��!8'�238��+!2&!Z9��£;'82!ধ='��!8'�8!1'>380�-2$£<&'&�386,!2!+'9�38�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9W��3'9�;,-9�1'!2�;,!;�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9,3<£&�2'='8�#'�<9'&S��3T�-;�1'!29�;,'@�9,3<£&�#'�!2�!#93£<;'�£!9;�8'938;W��'$!<9'�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�!2&�386,!2!+'9�;'2&�;3�-93£!;'�$,-£&8'2�(831�;,'-8�$311<2-ধ'9T�-;�-9�&-ă$<£;�;3�-2$£<&'�;,'1�-2�!�,-'8!8$,@�3(�$311<2-;@�#!9'&�$!8'W��,'8'(38'T�-(�;,'@�>'8'�included, it would need to look something like this:
orphanages
K i n s h i p C a r e
C h i l d- H e a d e dH o u s e h o l d
G r o u p h o m e
F o s t e r C a r e
F a m i l y S u p p o r t a n dS t r e n g t h e n i n g
Hierarchy of Care:
C h i l d r e n ' s V i l l a g e
o r p h a n a g e
ø'$ধ='��3
11<2-;@f�!9'&�
Appr
oach
es to
OVC
Car
e
�32f$31
1<2-;@�#!9'&
approaches that should32£@�#'�<9'&�-(�'='8@�3;,'836ধ32�,!9�#''2�'=!£<!;'&�!2&�8'/'$;'&�#!9'&�32�;,'#'9;�-2;'8'9;�3(�;,'�$,-£&W54
4
2�;,'�8!8'�$!9'9�>,'8'�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'�-9�23;�!2�36ধ32T�!�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'�38�386,!2!+'�1!@�#'�<9'&W��<;T�#'(38'�>'�'?6£!-2�,3>�!2&�>,'2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�-9�#'2')$-!£�;3�!2�386,!2�38�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&T�>8-;'�&3>2�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�;,3<+,;9�-2�;,'�#3?�#'£3>W
Orphanages and children’s villages should be used when...
2��+!2&!Z9��£;'82!ধ='��!8'�8!1'>380T�;,'�9'$32&�8'96329'�>!9�'1'8+'2$@�$!8'W���$$38&-2+�;3�;,'-8�>'#9-;'T�[�,'2�!#!2&321'2;�38�9'6!8!ধ32�&3'9�,!66'2�38�>,'2�!�$,-£&�-9�!;�8-90�3(�!#<9'�38�2'+£'$;T�-11'&-!;'�9;'69�2''&�;3�#'�;!0'2�;3�'29<8'�;,'�$,-£&y9�9!(';@�!2&�>'££f#'-2+T�>,-£'�!2�!99'991'2;�;!0'9�6£!$'W��'1638!8@�$!8'�$!2�#'�683=-&'&�>-;,�!2�'?;'2&'&�(!1-£@�1'1#'8T�!�(39;'8�(!1-£@�38�-2�!�$,-£&8'2y9�38�#!#-'9y�9,'£;'8W\
2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
F a m i l ym e m b e r
F o s t e rC a r e
C h i l d r e n ' s /b ab i e s 'h o m e
(�!�(!1-£@�1'1#'8�38�(39;'8�(!1-£@-9�<2!=!-£!#£'T�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�$!2683=-&'�!�9!('T�;'1638!8@�6£!$'�(38!�$,-£&�;3�9;!@�-2�!2�'1'8+'2$@W�
55
1
2
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An emergency situation is one scenario when residential care is an
appropriate response. Listed below are other instances in which
residential care is in the best interest of the child.
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2. �,'2�!�$,-£&�8'7<-8'9�-11'&-!;'�96'$-!£-A'&�;8'!;1'2;�;,!;�$!223;�#'�683=-&'&�-2�!�(!1-£@f#!9'&�9'ষ2+W
3.
4.
5.
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�,'2�>!8�38�!�2!;<8!£�&-9!9;'8�,!9�9'6!8!;'&�$,-£&8'2�(831�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9�£'!=-2+�;,'1�=<£2'8!#£'�;3�;8!ă$0-2+T�!#<9'T�38�'?6£3-;!ধ32W��,'2�$,-£&8'2�,!='�='8@�96'$-)$�2''&9�9<$,�!9�[$,-£&8'2�>,3�,!='�#''2�&'13#-£-A'&�(831�!81'&�(38$'9�>,3�2''&�!�6'8-3&�3(�8'$3='8@�!2&�8'f93$-!£-A!ধ32�#'(38'�8';<82-2+�;3�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9�38�9<#9ধ;<;'�(!1-£-'9T�!2&�;,'-8�$311<2-ধ'9�-2�>,-$,�;,'@�1!@�#'�9ধ+1!ধA'&W\
�'*'$;�#!$0�32�@3<8�38-+-2!£�=-9-32�3(�386,!2�$!8'W� (�@3<�-1!+-2'&�9'ষ2+�<6�!2�386,!2!+'�38�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'T�&-&�;,'�$,-£&8'2�@3<�-1!+-2'&�,'£6-2+�(!££�-2�;3�!2@�3(�;,'�!#3='�$!;'+38-'9S� (�93T�>,-$,�32'9S
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Even though Residential care is sometimes a necessary part of
caring for Orphans and vulnerable children, it should never be
a permanent solution and certain guidelines must be followed.
1. �'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�91!££T�(!1-£@f£-0'�!2&�38+!2-A'&�!83<2&�;,'�8-+,;9�!2&�2''&9�3(�;,'�$,-£&W�
2. �,'�1!-2�3#/'$ধ='�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�;3683=-&'�;'1638!8@�$!8'�!2&�;3�!$ধ='£@�>380�;3>!8&9;,'�$,-£&Z9�(!1-£@�8'-2;'+8!ধ32�38�;3�)2&�!�6'81!2'2;6£!$'1'2;�-2�!�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'�13&'£W��
3. 4.
5.
ø'$ধ='�+!;'0''6-2+�1<9;�#'�-2�6£!$'�;3�68'='2;(!1-£-'9�(831�6£!$-2+�;,'-8�$,-£&8'2�-2�<22'$'99!8@8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W��86,!2!+'9�!2&�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�9,3<£&�8'*'$;�;,'-8$<£;<8!£�9<883<2&-2+9T�!2&T�-(�6399-#£'T�#<-£;�>-;,-2!�£3$!£�$311<2-;@W�
�,-£&8'2�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�-2;'+8!;'&�-2;3;,'�9<883<2&-2+�$311<2-;@T�!ħ'2&-2+�9$,33£�!2&�$311<2-;@�'='2;9W�
Residential care guidelines
6. 2�ধ1'9�3(�>!8�38�2!;<8!£�&-9!9;'8T�$,-£&8'2�(831�;,'�9!1'$311<2-;@�9,3<£&�#'�,3<9'&�;3+';,'8�-2�38&'8�;3�,'£6�(!$-£-;!;'�8'<2-)$!ধ32W��
* 2��+!2&!T�!2&�3;,'8��(8-$!2�$3<2;8-'9T�;,'�+3='821'2;9�!8'�&-9$3<8!+-2+!2@�2'>�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�(!$-£-ধ'9�(831�#'-2+�#<-£;�&<'�;3�;,'�-2*<?�3(386,!2!+'9�!2&�$,-£&8'2Z9�=-££!+'9�#'-2+�#<-£;�-2�;,'�£!9;�('>�@'!89W���
1992 2009 20131.3 million ‘orphans’
1.9 million ‘orphans’
2.85 million ‘orphans’
2,900 40,000 50,000$,-£&8'2�-2-29ধ;<ধ32!£$!8'
$,-£&8'2�-2-29ধ;<ধ32!£$!8'
$,-£&8'2�-2-29ধ;<ধ32!£$!8'
212child care institutions
800child care institutions
While there are orphanages, children’s =-££!+'9T�!2&�3;,'8�(3819�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�that abide by the guidelines, the majority do 23;W��,'8'(38'T�;,'8'�!8'�;,8''�1!-2�36ধ329�(38�;,'9'�-29ধ;<ধ329V
1. 2. �-91!2;£'�£!8+'�-29ধ;<ধ329that provide poor quality care.
�8!29(381�-29ধ;<ধ329�-2;3�$311<2-;@�resource centers that include community-based daycare, counseling, 6!8'2ধ2+�{�90-££9�;8!-2-2+T�';$W�
3.
�380�>-;,�;,'�-29ধ;<ধ32�;3�!&,'8'�;3the above guidelines.
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What about children who are already living in orphanages and children’s villages?
2��'9932��T�>'�£330'&�!;�9'='8!£�9;!ধ9ধ$9�!#3<;�$,-£&8'2�£-=-2+�-2�-29ধ;<ধ32!£�$!8'W��3>�;,!;�>'�!8'�!>!8'�3(�;,'�2'+!ধ='�'ø'$;9�-;�,!9�32�$,-£&8'2T�>'�1<9;�23;�32£@�>380�;3>!8&9�68'='2ধ2+�$,-£&8'2�(831�'2&-2+�<6�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W��'�1<9;�!£93�>380�;3�1!0'�9<8'�;,!;�;,'�2''&9�3(�;,'�$,-£&8'2�£-=-2+�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�!8'�#'-2+�1';�!2&�;,!;�;,'-8�8-+,;9�!8'�#'-2+�<6,'£&W��'�$!223;�-+238'�;,'�$,-£&8'2�>,3�!8'�$<88'2;£@�£-=-2+�-2�-29ধ;<ধ32!£�$!8'�-2�9<#f�!,!8!2��(8-$!WSo, what are we to do?
�W�!1-£@�8'<2-)$!ধ32�W��8!29-ধ32�-2;3�931'�(381�3(������311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�W��&36ধ32�l>-;,�&31'9ধ$�!&36ধ32�����,!=-2+�68-38-;@�3='8�-2;'82!ধ32!£m�W (�!�$,-£&�-9�$£39'�;3�!+-2+�3<;�3(�;,'-8����8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'T�;,'@�1<9;�#'�+-='2����6836'8�9<6638;�!2&�90-££9�;3�#'�!#£'����;3�£-='�-2&'6'2&'2;£@�-2�93$-';@W
There are 4 options for children currently livingin residential care Let’s revisit
Joseph who is living in an orphanage in
malawi even thoughboth of his parents
are still living. whatis in the best interest
of Joseph?Which of the fouroptions applies to
his situation?
58
Just as with the community-based care approaches, there are best practices that must be followed in
order for a successful transition out of residential care .
�W� &'2ধ(@�>,-$,�$,-£&8'2�,!='�#''2�9'6!8!;'&�(831�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9�&<'����;3�63='8@T�>!8T�2!;<8!£�&-9!9;'8T�38�-££2'99W��W��'+-2�;,'�683$'99�3(�;8!$-2+�;,'�$,-£&8'2Z9�(!1-£-'9�-(�;,'-8�£3$!ধ32�����-9�<2023>2W��W��,'2�(!1-£-'9�!8'�£3$!;'&T�;,'@�1<9;�#'�='8-)'&�;3�!99<8'�;,'�$,-£&8'2������!8'�6£!$'&�-2�;,'�$388'$;�(!1-£@W�W�!$,�(!1-£@�1<9;�#'�!99'99'&�;3�&';'81-2'�-(�8'<2-)$!ধ32�-9����6399-#£'W�¤W��,'�8'<2-)$!ধ32�683$'99�9,3<£&�#'�!�$'£'#8!;'&�6<#£-$�'='2;�!9�!����9!('+<!8&�(38�;,'�$,-£&W��W��2+3-2+�132-;38-2+�!2&�(!1-£@�9;8'2+;,'2-2+�!2&�9<6638;�!8'�����68'9'2;�!2&�32+3-2+W�¥W� (�!�$,-£&�,!9�23�;8!$'!#£'�(!1-£@�1'1#'89�38�(!1-£@�8'<2-)$!ধ32�-9����23;�6399-#£'T�;,'2�!£;'82!ধ='�$!8'�9,3<£&�#'�(3<2&W�!$,�$,-£&�9,3<£&����#'�!99'99'&�;3�&';'81-2'�>,-$,�(381�3(�$!8'�-9�-2�;,'-8�#'9;�-2;'8'9;W�W��,'2�!�$,-£&�-9�!;�!2�!+'�>,'8'�;,'@�$!2�;8!29-ধ32�3<;�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£����$!8'�!2&�-2;3�93$-';@T�;,'�+3='821'2;�1<9;�6!8;2'8�>-;,����Z9�!2&�������Z9�-2�683=-&-2+�32+3-2+�9<6638;�#'(38'T�&<8-2+T�!2&�!đ'8�;,'�����;8!29-ধ32W�
REFLECTION�,!;�&3�@3<�;,-20�>3<£&�#'�;,'�139;�$,!££'2+-2+�!96'$;�3(�;8!29-ধ32-2+�$,-£&8'2�3<;�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'S�
59
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Application 2�;,'�96!$'�#'£3>T�>8-;'�3<;�;,'�@3<8�6£!2�(38�;8!29-ধ32-2+��39'6,�3<;�3(�,-9386,!2!+'�!2&�8'<2-ধ2+�,-1�>-;,�,-9�(!1-£@W��9'�;,'�023>£'&+'�+!-2'&�-2�;,-9�£'9932�!9�>'££�!9�68'=-3<9�£'99329W��,-20�;,83<+,�,3>�@3<�>3<£&�9<6638;�#3;,�39'6,�!2&�,-9�(!1-£@�#'(38'T�&<8-2+T�!2&�!đ'8�;,'�;8!29-ধ32W��
60
Lesson 9
Who’s doing
care Well?
Community-Based
Community-Based Care is not easy, but it is possible. Thankfully, if we dofeel called to care for orphans and vulnerable children, we don’t have to+3�!;�-;�!£32'W��,'8'�!8'�1!2@�38+!2-A!ধ329�>,3�!8'�'ø'$ধ='£@�$!8-2+�(38children through community-based care. In Lesson 6, you were introduced;3��+!2&!Z9�Y�£;'82!ধ='��!8'�8!1'>380ZW��,'2�-;�$31'9�;3��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�-2��(8-$!T��+!2&!�-9�£'!&-2+�;,'�>!@W��9-2+�;,'-8�Y�£;'82!ধ='�!8'�8!1'>380Z�!9�!�+<-&'T�>'�>-££�;!0'�!�$£39'8�£330�!;�,3>��311<2-;@f�!9'&��!8'�-9�#'-2+�-16£'1'2;'&�!9�;,'�+3='821'2;�!2&�=!8-3<9�38+!2-A!ধ329work together.
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2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
P r e v e n ts e pa rat i o n
F a m i l yS t r e n g t h e n i n g
“Since opening its doors in 2013, Abide Family Center has provided,3£-9ধ$T�9;8'2+;,9f#!9'&T�93$-!£�
services to vulnerable families. The $'2;'8�9'8='9�!9�!�;8!29-ধ32!£�£-=-2+�
and learning facility by providing caregivers the tools necessary to
move toward independence.”
�#-&'�!1-£@��'2;'8�683=-&'9�(!1-£@�68'9'8=!ধ32�9'8=-$'9�;,83<+,V
�'$'-=-2+�!2&�-2='9ধ+!ধ2+�$!9'9�3(�(!1-£-'9�!;f8-90�3(�6£!$-2+�;,'-8�$,-£&8'2�-2;3��8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'W
�ø'8-2+�&-8'$;�9'8=-$'9�;3�!;f8-90�(!1-£-'9V1. Case management by trained social workers�W�1'8+'2$@�!2&�;8!29-ধ32!£�,3<9-2+� for a maximum of three months�W�!8£@�$,-£&,33&�'&<$!ধ32�(38����9��������f�¤�@'!89�3(�!+'4. Business classes for care givers with ����$'8ধ)$!;'9�<632�+8!&<!ধ325. Small grants for business class graduates¤W��!9;38!£�$3<29'£-2+�!2&��-#£'�����9;<&-'9�>-;,�3<8�(<££fধ1'�6!9;38�W���!8'2ধ2+��-9$<99-32��83<6�(38�$!8'� givers currently in our programs
“At Abide we believe that God designed us to grow and develop in families and communities. It is our greatest desire to see every child given the chance to grow up in a loving family, where they can be shown what it means to be valued. We also believe that every parent deserves the chance to prove they are able to care for their children and all efforts should be exhausted before taking a child away from their family.”
Abidefamilycenter
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2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
t ra n s i t i o n a lC h i l d r e n ' sa n d B ab y
h o m e s
�!£!-0!��!#-'9��31'�-9�!�;8!29-ধ32!£�care center in Mengo, for babies aged #';>''2��f�W��,'�,31'�-9�Y;8!29-ধ32!£Z�because children stay only as long as -;�;!0'9�;3�+';�;,'1�,'!£;,@�!2&�<2ধ£�a suitable family home is found for them to move on to. We believe that every child has the right to grow up in a loving family environment.
Malaika Babies Home provides emergency care by:
Taking in children who have been abandoned or are in need of life-saving emergency care.
“Children come to us from many backgrounds, usually malnourished and ill, and our well trained carers work closely with them to help undo ;,'�'13ধ32!£T�69@$,3£3+-$!£�!2&�physical damage caused by !#!2&321'2;W�!$,�$!8'8�£3309�!đ'8�up to 4 babies, which allows them to form a special bond with each child individually, raising them as they would their own.” [�<8�&'&-$!;'&��3$-!£��380��'!1�!£>!@9�!-19�;3�)89;�6£!$'�;,'�$,-£&�#!$0�>-;,�-;9�#-8;,�(!1-£@�8'£!ধ329W� (�!�;8!$'�-9�23;�6399-#£'�38�-9�23;�9<-;!#£'T�;,'�;'!1�£330�(38�(39;'8�38�!&36ধ='�(!1-£-'9�;3�9<-;�;,'�-2&-=-&<!£�2''&9�3(�;,'�$,-£&W��,'�;'!1�-16£'1'2;9�#'9;�68!$ধ$'T�>380-2+�;3�$<88'2;��+!2&!2�£!>�32�!&36ধ32�!2&�;,'��2-;'&��!ধ32Z9� 2;'82!ধ32!£��32='2ধ32�32�;,'��-+,;9�3(�;,'��,-£&W\
�!£!-0!��!#-'9��31'�-9�!��6!8;�3(�;,'��,-£&Z9�-�3<2&!ধ32�>,-$,�>3809�;3�8'9'ħ£'�$,-£&8'2�-2-29ধ;<ধ32!£�$!8'�#!$0�>-;,�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9T�(!1-£@�68'9'8=!ধ32�!2&�9;8'2+;,'2-2+T�!2&�6£!$-2+$,-£&8'2�-2�£3$!£�(39;'8�!2&�!&36ধ='�(!1-£-'9W�
Malaikababieshome
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2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
t ra c i n gb i r t h
f a m i l i e s
“We provide short term life-saving care for children, trace their extended families and reunite them. If no family members are found, >'�)2&�!�(39;'8�38�!&36ধ='�(!1-£@W��'�!-1�;3�do this within six months - any longer than that in care can cause irreversible damage to a child.”
�,-£&Z9�-�3<2&!ধ32�;8!$'9�(!1-£-'9�!2&�8'9'ħ£'9�$,-£&8'2�#@V
9;!#£-9,-2+��+!2&!Z9�)89;��3$-!£��380��'2;8'�3(�?$'££'2$'�-2������!2&�683=-&-2+�!�9!('�6£!$'�(38�$,-£&8'2�;3�9;!@�>,-£'�;,'-8�6!8'2;9�!8'�#'-2+�;8!$'&W�
�,-£&Z9�-�3<2&!ধ32�;8!-29�93$-!£�>380'89�-2�;8!$-2+�#-8;,�(!1-£-'9�!2&�,'£6-2+�-2�;,'�8'9'ħ£'1'2;�683$'99W
[ ;�-9�$8-ধ$!£�;,!;�'='8@�'ø38;�-9�1!&'�;3�;8!$'�;,'�(!1-£-'9�of children referred to our care. Social Workers place radio announcements and newspaper adverts and conduct -2='9ধ+!ধ329��>-;,�;,'��3£-$'�-2�;,'�$311<2-ধ'9�>,'8'�;,'�children are found. In over 60% cases our social work team trace the extended families.We work closely with the police 32�!�8'9'ħ£'1'2;�6£!2�!2&�>,'2�;,'�93$-!£�>380'8�-9�$32)&'2;�the family can meet the child’s needs,the children are re-united with their families.Once a child is placed in the families,our 93$-!£�>380'89�$32ধ2<'�;3�132-;38�;,'�$,-£&Z9�683+8'99�(38�<2ধ£�32'�@'!8�;3�'29<8'�;,'�$,-£&�-9�30!@W\
“Once the families have been traced, our social workers work�>-;,�;,'�(!1-£-'9�32�!�8'9'ħ£'1'2;�6£!2�!2&�8'<2-;'�;,'�$,-£&8'2�>-;,�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9W��<8�8'9'ħ£'1'2;�6£!2�-2$£<&'9�assessments of the families where the children are being ���������8'9'ħ£'&�;3T�&';'81-2-2+�;,'-8�9<-;!#-£-;@�;3�6!8'2;�;,'� child and reparing them to receive the child.”
Child’si foundation
“We believe in social work. Good social work is the difference between a child growing up in an
orphanage and growing up in a loving family. So we want to spread best practice in social work.”
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2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
Foster care takes on two forms:
1. As a temporary home for a child who will be reunited with their families.����[ ;�683=-&'9�;,'�ধ1'�2''&'&�;3�$8'!;'�;,'�'2=-8321'2;�>,'8'�;,'�$,-£&�$!2�����8';<82�;3�,-9�38�,'8�(!1-£@W� ;�$!2�!£93�683=-&'�ধ1'�;3�)2&�;,'�8-+,;�6'81!2'2;�����93£<ধ32�>-;,�!�2'>�(!1-£@W\�W��9�!�;8!29-ধ32!£�6'8-3&�£'!&-2+�;3�!&36ধ32W
[39;'8�$!8'89�>380�!£32+9-&'�!�;'!1�3(�683('99-32!£9�683=-&-2+�$,-£&8'2�>-;,�;,'�,-+,'9;�9;!2&!8&�3(�$!8'W��!8-2+�(38�!23;,'8�6'8932y9�$,-£&�8'7<-8'9�£3='�!2&�*'?-#-£-;@�#<;�-;�3ø'89�;,'�36638;<2-;@�;3�1!0'�!�,<+'�&-ø'8'2$'�;3�;,'�£-='9�3(�;,'�$,-£&8'2�>,3�2''&�-;W�39;'8-2+�$!2�#'�!�='8@�8'>!8&-2+�'?6'8-'2$'W\�f�£;'82!ধ='��!8'��';>380
Child’si foundation
R e c r u i t i n g ,T ra i n i n g ,
a n dm o n i t o r i n g
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65
10
11
4
2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
UgandansAdopt
E d u c at i n ga n d
r e c r u i t i n g
�+!2&!29��&36;�6!8;2'89�>-;,�;,'�+3='821'2;�;3�)2&�£3$!£�(!1-£-'9�;3�!&36;�$,-£&8'2�>,3�,!='�#''2�!6683='&�(38�!&36ধ32W�
"We encourage Ugandan $-ধA'29�;3�36'2�;,'-8�,'!8;9�!2&�,31'9�;3�$,-£&8'2�>,3�,!='�23�(!1-£-'9�3(�;,'-8�3>2�!2&�1!0'�!�6£!$'�(38�;,'1�>-;,-2�;,'-8�3>2�(!1-£@Wz - �99-9;!2;��311-99-32'8�(38��,-£&8'2��!1'9��!#3++3A!
�$$38&-2+�;3�;,'��£;'82!ধ='��!8'�>'#9-;'V
�<8-2+�����T��3�����n�-2-9;8@�3(��'2&'8T��!#�3<8�!2&��3$-!£��'='£361'2;o�6!8;2'8'&�>-;,��,-£&y9�-�3<2&!ধ32�;3�8<2�!�$!16!-+2��+!2&!29��&36;�;3�68313;'�&31'9ধ$�!&36ধ32W��,-9�$!16!-+2�>!9�!2&�-9�,<+'£@�9<$$'99(<£�,!=-2+�8'9<£;'&�-2�����+!2&!2�(!1-£-'9�!&36ধ2+�232f#£33&�8'£!ধ='9W��,-£&y9�-�3<2&!ধ32�!8'�23>�-2�!�639-ধ32�>,'8'�;,'-8�#!#@�,31'�,!9�138'��+!2&!2�(!1-£-'9�>!-ধ2+�;3�!&36;�;,!2�$,-£&8'2�;,'@�,!='�!=!-£!#£'�(38�!&36ধ32W
�,-£'�1!2@�1-9$32$'6ধ329�!2&�('!89�9ধ££�'?-9;�!#3<;�!&36ধ32T�;,'�$!16!-+2�,!9�683='&�;,!;�;,83<+,�'&<$!ধ32�!2&�+33&�93$-!£�>380�68!$ধ9'9�;,'8'�-9�!�&'13+8!6,-$�3(��+!2&!29�>,3�$!2�!2&�>-££�!&36;�232f#£33&�8'£!ধ='9W� 2������!�2<1#'8�3(�$,-£&�$!8'�683=-&'89�!8'�'?6!2&-2+�;,'-8�!&36ধ32�683+8!11'9�;3�-2$£<&'�6-£3;�683/'$;9�;3�9,38;�!2&�£32+�;'81�(39;'8�$!8'W
�,'�$!16!-+2�$32ধ2<'9�;3�8<2�!2&�!££�$,-£&8'2y9�,31'9�!8'�#'-2+6'89<!&'&�;3�/3-2�;,'��+!2&!29��&36;�$!16!-+2�!2&�1!0'�;,'-8�$,-£&8'2�!=!-£!#£'�(38�!&36ধ32W��,-9�,3>'='8�2''&9�+3='821'2;�9<6638;�!2&�#!$0-2+�!9�139;�$,-£&�$!8'�-29ধ;<ধ329�-2=3£='&�-2�!&36ধ32�68'('8�;3�1!0'�$,-£&8'2�������������!=!-£!#£'�(38�-2;'82!ধ32!£�������������!&36ধ32�>-;,3<;�)89;�6<89<-2+������������&31'9ধ$�6£!$'1'2;9W66
12
13
4
2 n d R e s p o n s e :E m e r g e n c y
c a r e
3 r d R e s p o n s e :r e u n i f i c at i o na n d k i n s h i p
c a r e
4 t h R e s p o n s e :F o s t e rc a r e
5 t h R e s p o n s e :D o m e s t i ca d o p t i o n
6 t h R e s p o n s e :i n t e r n at i o n a l
a d o p t i o n
1 s t R e s p o n s e :K e e p f a m i l i e s
t o g e t h e r
Alternative Care framework
The Children’s
Act of Uganda
i m p l e m e n t i n ge t h i c a l
g u i d e l i n e s& p r o c e s s e s
[ 2;'82!ধ32!£�!&36ধ32�$!2�8'13='�(3$<9�!2&�8'93<8$'9�!>!@�(831�+33&�>380�;,!;�-9�#'-2+�&32'�;3�9;8'2+;,'2�(!1-£-'9T�8'9'ħ£'�$,-£&8'2�38�)2&�-2f$3<2;8@�93£<ধ329W\��,'8'(38'T�;,'�+3='821'2;�3(��+!2&!�,!9�$8'!;'&�!2&�-16£'1'2;'&[�,'��,-£&8'2Z9��$;�3(��+!2&!\W��
l!m�,!9�9;!@'&�-2��+!2&!�(38�!;�£'!9;�;,8''�@'!89Ul#m�,!9�(39;'8'&�;,'�$,-£&�(38�!;�£'!9;�;,-8;@f9-?�132;,9�<2&'8�;,'�9<6'8=-9-32�3(�!�683#!ধ32�!2&�93$-!£�>'£(!8'�3ă$'8U
l$m�&3'9�23;�,!='�!�$8-1-2!£�8'$38&Ul&m�,!9�!�8'$311'2&!ধ32�$32$'82-2+�,-9�38�,'8�9<-;!#-£-;@�;3�
!&36;�!�$,-£&�(831�,-9�38�,'8�$3<2;8@Z9�683#!ধ32�!2&�>'£(!8'�3ă$'�38�3;,'8�$316';'2;�!<;,38-;@U�!2&
l'm�,!9�9!ধ9)'&�;,'�$3<8;�;,!;�,-9�38�,'8�$3<2;8@�3(�38-+-2�>-££8'96'$;�!2&�8'$3+2-9'�;,'�!&36ধ32�38&'8W
[�,'����¦�-2$8'!9'�-2�-2;'82!ধ32!£�!&36ধ329�(831��+!2&!�(831������;3������3<;£-2'9�;,'�+83>-2+�&'1!2&�(38��+!2&!2�$,-£&8'2\��!2&�2''&�(38�';,-$!£�+<-&'£-2'9W��
International adoption.
l�m���6'8932�>,3�-9�23;�!�$-ধA'2�3(��+!2&!�1!@�-2�'?$'6ধ32!£�$-8$<19;!2$'9�
!&36;�!��+!2&!2�$,-£&T�-(�,'�38�9,'h
f�,'��,-£&8'2Z9��$;�3(��+!2&!67
16
14
15
4
Other Organizations doingcommunity-based care wellUganda is not the only country working to implement community-based care. �,'8'�!8'�+3='821'2;9�!2&�38+!2-A!ধ329�>380-2+�;,83<+,3<;�9<#f�!,!8!2��(8-$!�>380-2+�32�9;8'2+;,'2-2+�(!1-£-'9�!2&�3;,'8�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'�36ধ329WThis is in no way an extensive list. Take a moment to research the websites of a few 3(�;,'�£-9;'&�38+!2-A!ধ329W�
�316!99-32� 2;'82!ধ32!£Noonday�3££'$ধ32 Ekisa
Ministries
No Ordinary Love Ministries
38+3ħ'2��3-$'9
�;8'2+;,'2�{��<6638;�!1-£-'9
�38£&��-9-32
31 BitsBright Hope
�;8'2+;,'2�311<2-ধ'9
�'<2-ধ2+!1-£-'9
Reunite Uganda&<$!ধ2+�,<8$,'9�{
Individuals about Community-Based Care
!-;,�;3��$ধ32 2-ধ!ধ='
-8'£-+,;3<2&!ধ32
�38£&��'£-'(
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68
Lesson 10
What
are my next steps?
Congratulations! �3<�,!='�1!&'�-;�;3�;,'�)2!£�£'9932R��3<�,!='�#''2�$32(832;'&�>-;,�;,'�2'+!ধ='�8'!£-ধ'9�3(�8'9-&'2ধ!£�386,!2�$!8'T�-2;83&<$'&�;3�'ø'$ধ='�!6683!$,'9�;3�;,'�386,!2�$8-9-9�;,83<+,�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'T�!2&�(!1-£-!8-A'&�>-;,�9'='8!£�38+!2-A!ধ329�;,!;�!8'�$!88@-2+�;,-9�3<;W��3>�-;�-9�ধ1'�;3�;<82�;,'�(3$<9�#!$0�;3�@3<�!2&�@3<8�$!££-2+�;3�$!8'�(38�386,!29�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2�-2��(8-$!W�
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69
Areyou
married?
Cons ider your Current C ircumstances
Do youhave
afamily?
Doyou havea goodjob?
�'*'$;�32�@3<8�$<88'2;�$-8$<19;!2$'9W� (�@3<�!8'�1!88-'&�!2&�,!='!�(!1-£@T�!8'�@3<�>-££-2+�;3�<6833;�@3<8�(!1-£@�!2&�13='�;,'1�;3��(8-$!S� (�@3<�,!='�!�+33&�/3#T�!8'�@3<�>-££-2+�;3�13='�(831�!�6£!$'3(�$32;'2;'&2'99�;3�!�6£!$'�3(�)2!2$-!£�<2$'8;!-2;@S
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Doyou havea house?a Car?
70
Do you stillfeel calledto care for children inafrica?
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Does this describe you?N o .
( �@3<�9ধ£ £ � (''£ �;,'��38&�$!£ £ -2+@3<�;3�9;!8; �@3<8�3>2�38+!2-A!ধ32T;,-20�!#3<;�>,!;� -16!$;�@3<�>!2;�@3<8�38+!2-A!ধ32�;3�,!='�32�386,!29T �=<£2'8!#£'�$,- £&8'2T �;,'-8 �(!1-£ -'9T!2&�$311<2-ধ'9W ��'>-9��!883£ £ �32$'9!-&T\ ( �@3<�&32Z; �023>�>,'8'�@3<�!8'+3-2+T �!2@�83!&�>-£ £ � ;!0'�@3<�;,'8'W\�9�@3<�#'+-2�;3�;,-20�!#3<;�@3<�)89;9;'6� -2�����$!8'T �@3<�,!='�;3�023>>,-$,�&-8'$ধ32�;3�>!£0� -2W ��3<�2''&;3�,!='�!�+3!£ W �
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( �@3<�>'8'�;3�(381�!2�386,!2�$!8'�38+!2-A!ধ32�;3&!@T �>,!;�>3<£&�@3<8�'2&�+3!£ �#'S��3<£&�@3<8�38+!2-A!ধ32Z9�1-99-32�#'�;3�9;8'2+;,'2�!2&�9<6638;�(!1-£ -'9� -2�38&'8�;3�68'='2;�;,'�2''&�(38�386,!2�$!8'�38�>3<£&� -; �#'�8'9632&-2+�;3�;,'�$<88'2;�8'!£ -ধ'9�3(�;,'�386,!2�$8-9 -9S��8�6'8,!69�!�$31#-2!ধ32S��,!;� -16!$;�&3�@3<�,36'�;3�1!0'S
Y e s , t h a ti s m e !
I s t i l lf e e l c a l l e d
W r i t e o u t y o u r m i s s i o n :
71
Don'treinvent
thewheel
Create a master plan!
make sureyou arepursuing
community-based care
Conducta needs
assessment
Now that you have an end goal in sight, the next step is discerning how to accomplish your mission. Thankfully, you don’t have to go in #£-2&W��,-9�+<-&'�,!9�683=-&'&�@3<�>-;,�!�9;!8ধ2+�63-2;W��3<8�8'96329-#-£-;@�-9�;3�;!0'�;,'�-2(381!ধ32�@3<�,!='�£'!82'&�!2&�!90�God to direct you in what to do with it.
�'1'1#'8�;,!;�@3<�!8'�23;�;,'�)89;�6'8932�>,3�,!9�('£;�;,'�$!££-2+�;3�$!8'�(38�orphans. Look to those people who have gone before you. Based on your newly !$7<-8'&�023>£'&+'T�'=!£<!;'�&-ø'8'2;�386,!2�$!8'�1-2-9;8-'9�!2&�&';'81-2'�>,-$,�32'9�!8'�(3££3>-2+�;,'�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9W��'!82�(831�;,'-8�1-9;!0'9T�!2&�(3££3>�;,'-8�'ø'$ধ='�1';,3&9W�
Discernhow to meet
theseneeds
Determinea way
to measureyour
effectiveness
Do not build another orphanage or children’s village. Take what you have learned ;3�,'!8;�!2&�8'(<9'�;3�;!0'�;,'�636<£!8T�'!9@�>!@�3<;W��<89<'�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9W
�2$'�@3<�,!='�-&'2ধ)'&�>,-$,�386,!29�!2&�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2�@3<�>!2;�;3�care for, it is important to discover what the actual needs are. Every village, (!1-£@T�!2&�$,-£&�-9�+3-2+�;3�,!='�&-ø'8'2;�2''&9W��ধ£-A'�£3$!£�£'!&'89,-6�!2&�$311<2-;@�1'1#'89�;3�,'£6�-&'2ধ(@�;,'�2''&9T�!9�>'££�!9�;,'�$311<2-;@Z9�assets.
�3>�;,!;�@3<�,!='�!�#'ħ'8�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�;,'�2''&9�3(�@3<8�6!8ধ$<£!8�community, family, or child, you need a plan in order to help meet those needs. Work with the community to come up with a plan. Don’t forget to include the children in on the discussion. Remember that in community-based care, you are not the hero. Take a back seat, and let the community lead the way. Discover ways ;,!;�@3<�$!2�9<6638;�;,'�$311<2-;@�-2�;,'-8�'ø38;9W
It is important to know whether what you are doing is making the impact you &'9-8'W��,'8'�1<9;�#'�!�6£!$'�(38�(8'7<'2;�8'*'$ধ32�!2&�'=!£<!ধ32W��'�>-££-2+�;3�$,!2+'�&-8'$ধ329�-2�38&'8�;3�#'�'ø'$ধ='W��'!£-A'�@3<8�1-9;!0'9�!2&�£'!82�(831�them. Lay your pride aside and ignore the desires of your donors in order to pursue the best interest of the children.
72
BrainstormingUse this space to begin brainstorming where God is leading you in your call to care(38�386,!29�!2&�=<2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2W���'+-2�#@�>8-ধ2+�3<;�@3<8�1-99-32�9;!;'1'2;�;38'1-2&�@3<89'£(�>,';,'8�@3<�!8'�>380-2+�;3>!8&9�68'='2ধ32T�8'<2-)$!ধ32T�38-16£'1'2ধ2+�!£;'82!ধ='�$311<2-;@f#!9'&�$!8'W��,'2T�1!6�3<;�@3<8�6£!2�0''6-2+�-21-2&�;,'�#'9;�68!$ধ$'9�@3<�£'!82'&W
Mission Statement:
73
1. supportYou have been introduced to several organizations �!2@�3(�;,'9'�38+!2-A!ধ329�!8'�-2�2''&�3(�9<6638;T�)2!2$-!££@�!2&�3;,'8>-9'W��!8+'8�38+!2-A!ধ329�9<$,�!9��38£&��-9-32�!2&��316!99-32� 2;'82!ধ32!£T�!9�>'££�!9�91!££'8�38+!2-A!ধ329T�,!='�96329389,-6�683+8!19�>,'8'�@3<�$!2�6£!@�!�6!8;�-2�9<6638ধ2+�!�$,-£&�!2&�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9W��;,'8�38+!2-A!ধ329�!8'�-2�2''&�3(�(<2&9�;3�,-8'�£3$!£�683('99-32!£9�-2£$<&-2+�93$-!£�>380'89T�$3<29'£389T�;'!$,'89T�';$W��3�@3<8�,31'>380W��-9$3='8�!2�38+!2-A!ধ32�;,!;�@3<�#'£-'='�-2T�!2&�)2&�3<;�>,!;�;,'-8�+8'!;'9;�2''&9�!8'W��90�-(�@3<�$!2�=-9-;�;,'1�!2&�9''�)89;�,!2&�>,!;�;,'@�!8'�&3-2+W��,'2T�+3�,31'�!2&�#'$31'�;,'-8�#-++'9;�!&3=3!$;'W��
In many ways you are now an expert
2. educate
3. offer your skillsYou may not have the right skills to start an organization,
in order to make an impact on orphans and vulnerable childrenYou don’t have to start an organization
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74
You beginby doing your
research andasking
7<'9ধ329R
Do the methodsthey use alignwith the bestpractices?
What methodsdo they use
to achieve thisvision?
Does their mission & visioninclude keeping
families together?
Do their beliefs
align with yours?
Do theyhave a wayto measure
their effecitiveness?
Do theyhire localsand allow
communitiesto be the heroes??
You have decidedthat you want to
support an organization thatis already servingchildren & families
through community-based care, but howdo you know whatorganization to
support?
75
Brainstorming='2�-(�@3<�!8'�23;�6£!22-2+�32�9;!8ধ2+�@3<8�3>2�38+!2-A!ধ32T�-;�-9�9ধ££�-1638;!2;�;3�#8!-29;381�@3<8�36ধ329�-2�38&'8�;3�&-9$'82�,3>�@3<�$!2�#'9;1!0'�!2�-16!$;�-2�;,'�£-='9�3(�386,!29T�=<£2'8!#£'�$,-£&8'2T�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9T�!2&$311<2-ধ'9W��'+-2�#@�£-9ধ2+�@3<8�90-££9W��3<�1!@�>!2;�;3�!90�3;,'8�6'36£'�>,!;�;,'@�9''�!9�@3<8�90-££9�!2&�9;8'2+;,9W��,'2�1!0'�!�£-9;�3(�38+!2-A!ধ329�;,!;�@3<>!2;�;3�023>�138'�!#3<;W�
My Skills possible orgs
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Financially
Advocate for them and theirwork
visit and offerencouragement
Educate othersabout their work
skills training
Prayer
child sponsorship
other ____________76
Children belong in families. Not orphanages.You can make an impact in the lives of
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care. Everyone has a role to play. You just have to determine yours.
77
L1: What Do you KNow?SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Experience
go Deeper
1. Share with the group why you feel called to care for orphans. (Mission Trip, Scripture, Book, etc)
Sharing Question:
1. What has been your understanding of the orphan crisis in Africa? What voices or ideas have ����-2*<'2$'&�@3<8�<2&'89;!2&-2+S2. Do you think it is possible that your understanding could be incorrect or incomplete?3. What words or images did you use to describe Joseph on page 4? Why did you decide on �����;,'9'�6!8ধ$<£!8�>38&9�!2&�-1!+'9S�W��,!;�&-&�@3<�&8!>�38�&'9$8-#'�-2�;,'�#3?�32�6!+'��S��,@�&-&�@3<�$,339'�;,-9�6!8ধ$<£!8�36ধ32S�������8'�@3<�36'2�;3�;,'�6399-#-£-;@�;,!;�;,'8'�1!@�#'�!�#'ħ'8�>!@S�W��,!8'�@3<8�8'96329'�;3�;,'�8'*'$ধ32�7<'9ধ32�32�6!+'�¥W
The Orphan Crisis
1. Pray for this small group, for openness to the voice of the Holy Spirit as you learn, pray, and act together.�W��8!@�;,!;�@3<�>3<£&�#'�!#£'�;3�=-'>�@3<8�8'96329'�;3�386,!2�$!8'�)89;�!2&�(38'139;�(831�!������$8-6;<8!£�6'896'$ধ='T�9'ষ2+�!9-&'�68'=-3<9�<2&'89;!2&-2+9W3. Pray for a sense of shared mission with one another as your group works through a how to best care for orphans and vulnerable children in Africa.
�W��9�!�+83<6T�£330�<6�;,'�&')2-ধ32�3(�!2�386,!2�!9�&')2'&�#@��� ��(3<2&�!;����,ħ6Vcc>>>W<2-$'(W38+c1'&-!c1'&-!i�����W,;1£W��-9$<99�!9�!�+83<6�>,!;�2'>�-29-+,;�@3<����&-9$3='8'&�-2�8'!&-2+�;,-9�&')2-ধ32W��-9$<99�,3>�!2�-2$388'$;�38�-2$316£';'�&')2-ধ32�1-+,;� impact an incorrect response to orphan care.
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L2: What Does the Bible Say?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Experience
go Deeper
�W��,!8'�>-;,�;,'�+83<6�>,!;�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�#-#£-$!£�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!2�$!8'�>!9S�Sharing Question:
�W��,!;�3#9'8=!ধ329�&-&�@3<�>8-;'�&3>2�!#3<;�;,'��-#£'�='89'9�£-9;'&�32�6!+'��S��W��,!;�&-&�@3<�£'!82�!#3<;��3&Z9�,'!8;�!2&�&'9-+2�(38�386,!29�32�6!+'9����!2&���S��8'�;,'8'�!2@�����;8!29('8!#£'�68-2-$-6£'9�(831�386,!2�$!8'�-2�;,'��£&�!2&��'>��'9;!1'2;�;3�386,!2�$!8'�;3&!@S�W��đ'8�8'!&-2+�;,83<+,��!8;��T�,3>�&3�@3<�<2&'89;!2&�386,!2�$!8'Z9�6£!$'�>-;,-2��3&Z9��-99-32����3(��'$32$-£-!ধ32S��3>�&3'9�;,-9�&-ø'8�(831�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�#-#£-$!£�<2&'89;!2&-2+�3(�386,!2�$!8'S�W��330�#!$0�!;�6!+'���W��-9$<99�,3>�=-'>-2+�!2�386,!2�(831�!2�-2&-=-&<!£-9ধ$�38�$311<2!£�����6'896'$ধ='�$,!2+'9�@3<8�8'96329'W
Biblical orphan Care
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L3: Wh0 is an orphan?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
1. Share with the group why you originally thought children ended up in orphanages? Sharing Question:
�W��2�6!+'����@3<�£'!82'&�;,!;�¥�¦�3(�$,-£&8'2�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'�,!='�-&'2ধ)!#£'�!2&�����;8!$'!#£'�8'£!ধ='9W��,!;�>!9�@3<8�-2-ধ!£�8'!$ধ32�;3�;,-9�(!$;S�2. Share the new insights you wrote down on page 24. Do any of these new insights change ����;,'�>!@�@3<�=-'>�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'S�W��2�6!+'����@3<�£'!82'&�;,!;��¥¦�3(� -1#!#>'Z9�386,!29�!8'�£-=-2+�-2�(!1-£@�9'ষ2+W��!9'&�����;,'�6<9,�!2&�6<££�(!$;389T�>,!;�'ø'$;�l639-ধ='�38�2'+!ধ='m�&3�@3<�#'£-'='�;,'�-2;83&<$ধ32�3(�����1<£ধ6£'�2'>�386,!2!+'9�>3<£&�,!='�32� -1#!#>'Z9�386,!29T�;,'-8�(!1-£-'9�!2&�$311<2-ধ'9S�
Children in Residential Care
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Exercise cont.
go Deeper
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L4: What is wrong with orphanages?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
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Sharing Question:
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Exercise cont.“[laughing] I don’t know if you have visited these typical, typical biological families herein Malawi. I wish maybe I could take you to my family so that maybe you could see my#-3£3+-$!£�8'£!ধ='9W��3�;,!;�@3<�9''�>,!;� �1'!2W��3<�>-££�9''�;,!;�£-('�-9�/<9;�&-ø'8'2;T����&-ø'8'2;W��3<�>3<£&�23;�>-9,�1'�;3�9;!@�;,'8'W� �;'££�@3<�,32'9;£@W��,'�>!@�@3<�!8'seeing me, the way you are looking at me here, you would not wish me to stay there. If �!1�9;!@-2+�;,'8'�-;�1'!29�&<16-2+�1'�;,'8'W��'$!<9'�>,'2� �!1�+3-2+�;3�1@�8'£!ধ='9T1@�#-3£3+-$!£�8'£!ধ='9T� �(''£�9388@�(38�;,'1W� �>3<£&�23;�'='2�>-9,�;,'1�;3�9;!@�<2&'8�;,'$32&-ধ329�;,'@�!8'�9;!@-2+W\
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All but a handful of children at Miracles visit their mothers, grandmothers, aunts,38�3;,'8�8'£!ধ='9�-2�;,'-8�=-££!+'9�&<8-2+�;,'��'$'1#'8�,3£-&!@�#8'!0W��,-9�6'86£'?'91!2@�3(�;,'��W�W��-8!$£'9�=3£<2;''89T�>,3�-1!+-2'�;,'9'�$,-£&8'2�,!='�23�(!1-£@W� ;�-9important to note that although these children visit their families, not one child said they>3<£&�#'�>-££-2+�;3�13='�#!$0�;3�;,'-8�8<8!£�=-££!+'9T�!2&�;,'�1!/38-;@�8'638;'&�931'£'='£�3(�$311<2-;@�,39ধ£-;@�38�/'!£3<9@�#@�=-££!+'89�#'$!<9'�3(�;,'-8�!$$'99�;3�1!;'8-!£resources.
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[�,'8'�-9�!�0-2&�3(�/'!£3<9@�#'$!<9'�;,'9'�0-&9�n!;��-8!$£'9o�-2�;'819�3(��!£!>-!2�9;!2&!8&9T-2�;'819�3(�;,'�$£3;,-2+�;,'@�,!='T�;,'@�,!='�!�£3;�3(�$£3;,-2+W��,'@�,!='�9,3'9W��,'@�,!='#'ħ'8�'&<$!ধ32T�;,!;�0-2&�3(�9;<øW��,'@�,!='�(33&�,'8'W��2&�;,'2�>,'2�;,'@�+3�,31';3�;,'-8�8'96'$ধ='�=-££!+'9�n(38�;,'��'$'1#'8�,3£-&!@�#8'!0o�;,'2�;,'-8�(8-'2&9�!8'�/'!£3<9because they see these children have a lot of clothing, have a lot of bedding, having a lot of9,3'9W��2&�!£93�;,'@�!8'�£330-2+�2-$'T�;,'@�!8'�£330-2+�,'!£;,@W��3T�;,'@�!8'�/'!£3<9W��-££!+'89want to have their children come to Miracles even though they are not orphans. We evenhave some children in those villages that want to come to Miracles because they see their(8-'2&9�!8'�!�£-ħ£'�#-;�#'ħ'8�3øW��,'8'�-9�!£93�;,'�9-;<!ধ32�>,'8'#@�;,'-8�8'£!ধ='9�>!2;�;3+8!#�931'�3(�;,'�;,-2+9�n;,'�386,!29o�,!='W�38�'?!16£'T�;,'-8�9,3'9T�;,'-8�$£3;,-2+T�;,!;0-2&�3(�9;<øW��,'@�>!2;�;3�+8!#�;,39'�;,-2+9�(831�;,'1�!2&�;,'2�;,'@�'='2�9!@T�[$!2�@3<9,!8'�;,'9'�$£3;,-2+�>-;,�@3<8�$3<9-29S\��2&�;,'�-8!$£'9�386,!29�!8'�(38$'&�;3�9,!8'W��2&-(�;,'�386,!2�-29-9;9�;,!;�;,'@�&32Z;�>!2;�;3�9,!8'T�;,'2�;,'�8'£!ধ='9�>-££�)2&�'='8@�;8-$0�;31!0'�9<8'�>,'2�;,'�$,-£&�-9�+3-2+�;,'@�$!2�+8!#�;,'�9;<øW�
Exercise cont.They say, “ah, I will pack your things, your bags for you.” And then when they are packing, they will remove some of the things and then the child will realize maybe when they are in the vehicle or when they are here at Miracles that things are missing. “Oh, my shoes are not ,'8'R\��31'ধ1'9�;,'�0-&9�9,!8'�;,'�$£3;,-2+�>-££-2+£@W��,'@�9''�;,'-8�#83;,'89T�#'$!<9'�@3<�,!='�!�9-;<!ধ32�>,'8'#@�;,'8'�!8'�)='�$,-£&8'2�-2�!�(!1-£@W��,'8'�!8'�)='�-2�;,'�(!1-£@T�!2&�there is just the one who was picked to come to the orphanage. And they are being kept here 68'ħ@�>'££�,'8'W��,'�386,!29�,!='�!£139;�'='8@;,-2+�!2&�;,'2�;,'@�9''�;,'-8�@3<2+'8�9-9;'8�38�younger brother doesn’t have a blanket, bed sheets, or shoes. Then they will just give it to them.”
Although all of the children in the sample were content to live at Miracles and preferred living -2�;,'�386,!2!+'�!9�36639'&�;3�;,'-8�8<8!£�=-££!+'9T�;,'8'�>'8'�!£93�8'638;9�3(�9ধ+1!ধA!ধ32�!2&�&-9$8-1-2!ধ32�!993$-!;'&�>-;,�;,'�386,!2�-&'2ধ;@W��££�$,-£&8'2�-2�;,'�9!16£'�8'638;'&�931'�(381�of jealousy by members of the villages where they came from, as well as by people living in the $311<2-ধ'9�9<883<2&-2+�;,'�386,!2!+'W��2'�386,!2�'?6£!-2'&T
[ALF] Do you prefer staying here or in your village (where you go on holiday)?
“I prefer staying here than in my village because the community is jealous. When I go homefor the holidays [the people in the community] always say, “Don’t buy clothes for himbecause he receives a lot of things at Miracles.”
[ALF] When you graduate from here, where will you live {probe: back in your village?}
“No, because people in our village are jealous. They will not be happy if they see me doingwell. I am afraid that they may kill me.”
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[ALF] What is it like to be called an orphan?
“It’s not a proper word. I feel like since they are orphans and then calling them orphans,-;Z9�931';,-2+�;,!;�6!-29�;,'1W��,'@�(''£�£-0'�!9�-(�@3<�>'8'�9ধ+1!ধA-2+�;,'1T�9!@-2+�;,!;;,'@�$!2Z;�£-='�-2�;,'�93$-';@�>-;,�3;,'8�$,-£&8'2W��2&�;,'2�@3<�>-££�)2&�;,!;�;,'@�!8'�#'-2+segregated and that’s not a good way of dealing with children.”
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Exercise cont.1. What unintended consequences are apparent in this case study?2. What changes do you think need to take place at Miracles?3. If you were the director of Miracles Orphanage and you read this report, what would your response be? Share your thoughts with the other groups.
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L5: Why do we build orphanages?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
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Sharing Question:
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Exercise cont.A Buddhist monastery moved into the city beside yours, a few miles from your house. What if the monks knocked on your door one day, when the baby was crying because her belly was '16;@�(38�;33�£32+T�!2&�3ø'8'&�(8''�9$,33£-2+�!2&�,3<9-2+�(38�@3<8�3£&'8�;>3�$,-£&8'2W��,'@�9''1'&�0-2&�!2&�!ħ'2ধ='T�!2&�;,'�>38&�(8''�>!9�&8366'&�!;�£'!9;����ধ1'9�;,83<+,3<;�;,'�$32='89!ধ32W� ;�-9�;,'�36638;<2-;@�3(�!�£-('ধ1'g
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But how’s a six year old girl to resist Buddhism while living in a monastery? And why should 9,'S��,'�13209�+-='�,'8�!2&�,'8�#83;,'8�9>'';9�!2&�;,'�3$$!9-32!£�;3@�(831�(38'-+2'89�>,3�=-9-;�-2�£3<&�+83<69W��,'�$,-£&8'2�+';�!�9;'!&@�&39'�3(�-2&3$;8-2!ধ32�!2&�,3;�1'!£9T�;'16£'�visits and spelling tests.
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“At least they won’t starve,” you tell yourself.
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L6: if not orphanages then what?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
go Deeper
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Sharing Question:
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1. Pray for ministries involved in community-based care that they will be encouraged and ����9<6638;'&�-2�;,'-8�'ø38;9W�W��8!@�(38�38+!2-A!ধ329�!2&�-2&-=-&<!£9�>,3�!8'�>380-2+�!£32+9-&'�+3='821'2;9�;3�-16£'1'2;����386,!2�$!8'�!£;'82!ধ='9�-2�;,'-8�$3<2;8-'9W�
�W��<82�#!$0�;3�6!+'9��¥�!2&���W��'8'!&�;,'�9;38@�3(��39'6,�!2&�>,@�,'�'2&'&�<6�-2�;,'����386,!2!+'W��-=-&'�@3<8�+83<6�-2;3���;3���91!££'8�9<#+83<69W�!$,�9<#+83<6�-9�!�&-ø'8'2;� orphan care ministry that focuses on family strengthening. Your ministry was introduced to �����39'6,Z9�6!8'2;9�!đ'8�;,'@�,!&�#''2�!6683!$,'&�#@�;,'�386,!2!+'�;,!;�3ø'8'&�;3�;!0'������39'6,�-2W��!9'&�32�;,'�023>£'&+'�;,!;�@3<�+!-2'&�-2�;,-9�£'9932�!#3<;�&'='£361'2;!£�!2&�����8'96329-='�68'='2ধ32�!2&�;,'�-2(381!ধ32�683=-&'&�!#3<;��39'6,Z9�#!$0+83<2&T�&';'81-2'�����>,!;�9;8!;'+-'9�@3<8�1-2-9;8@�>3<£&�<9'�;3�68'='2;��39'6,�(831�#'-2+�6£!$'&�-2�;,'�386,!2!+'W Share your plan with the other groups.
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L7: What are the best Practices?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
1. Think back over the previous lessons. Share something that you have learned that has impacted your understanding about caring for orphans and vulnerable children.
Sharing Question:
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Best Practices
1. Pray for ministries involved in community-based orphan care that they would make a����639-ধ='�-16!$;�32�;,'�$311<2-ধ'9�;,'@�!8'�>380-2+�>-;,W�W��8!@�;,!;�;,'�£3$!£�$,<8$,�>3<£&�#'�9<6638;'&�!2&�'7<-66'&�;3�$!8'�(38�386,!29�-2�;,'-8�����$311<2-ধ'9�93�;,!;�;,'@�1!@�8'68'9'2;��3&Z9�,'!8;�(38�;,'�=<£2'8!#£'W�
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Scenario #1Mary is 7 years old and lives in a small village in Zambia. She has two older brothers and a baby sister. Her mother died giving birth to her sister, but she and her siblings live with their(!;,'8W��!8@Z9�(!;,'8�£3='9�,-9�$,-£&8'2T�#<;�-9�9;8<++£-2+�;3�6<;�(33&�32�;,'�;!#£'W��'�3>29�!�91!££�(!81T�#<;�;,'8'�,!9�#''2�!�&83<+,;�!2&�1!-A'�$836�-9�(!-£-2+W��!8@Z9�;>3�3£&'8�#83;,'89are in school, but Mary has to stay home and care for her baby sister. An orphanage was just#<-£;�-2�!�2'-+,#38-2+�=-££!+'T�!2&��!8@Z9�(!;,'8�-9�$32;'16£!ধ2+�9'2&-2+��!8@�!2&�,'8�9-9;'8to live there so they can go to school.
Scenario #2�3,2�-9����!2&�,!9�#''2�£-=-2+�32�;,'�9;8'';9�3(��!-83#-�9-2$'�,'�>!9���W��'�8!2�!>!@�(831�,31'�#'$!<9'�!đ'8�,-9�13;,'8�&-'&�>,'2�,'�>!9���T�,-9�(!;,'8�#'+!2�&8-20-2+�!2&�#'$!1'physically abusive. A local church has been providing free meals for John and other street boys. John shared with the pastor that he missed his father and wanted to go home, but was unsureif his father would take him back.
Exercise cont.Scenario #3Susan is 10 and lives in a rural town in Malawi. Her parents were recently involved in bus accidentand died, leaving Susan and her two younger sisters alone. They have a grandmother that livesin their same town, but she is unable to care for three children on her own because of her age and ,'!£;,W��<9!2Z9�(!;,'8�,!&�1'2ধ32'&�;,!;�,'�,!&�!�@3<2+'8�9-9;'8�>,3�£-='&�-2�;,'�$!6-;3£�$-;@�3(�Lilongwe. Susan’s neighbors had been caring for her and her sisters, but Susan wants to visit heraunt to see if she would care for Susan and her sisters.
Scenario #4�£'99-2+�-9����@'!89�3£&�!2&�£-='9�-2�!�9£<1�32�;,'�3<;90-8;9�3(��3,!22'9#<8+W��đ'8�,'8�(!;,'8�died of an unknown disease, Blessing’s mother recently remarried. Blessing’s step-father recently began abusing her. Blessing did not feel safe at home. So, she sought out a local community leader for help. Blessing’s paternal grandparents live nearby, but she has not seen ;,'1�3đ'2�9-2$'�,'8�(!;,'8�&-'&�9'='8!£�@'!89�'!8£-'8W��,'�$311<2-;@�£'!&'8�#'£-'='9�;,!;��£'99-2+�1!@�2''&�931'�$3<29'£-2+�38�9<6638;�#'(38'�9,'�$!2�9<$$'99(<££@�;8!29-ধ32�-2;3�,'8grandparent’s home.
Scenario #5Given is 5 months old and was found abandoned as a newborn in Kampala, Uganda. He was 6£!$'&�-2�!�#!#@Z9�,31'W��3�32'�,!9�#''2�!#£'�;3�£3$!;'�,-9�6!8'2;9�&'96-;'�!££�;,'-8�'ø38;9W�
Scenario #6Make up a scenario and share it with the other groups.
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L8: are orphanages ever an option?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
go Deeper
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Sharing Question:
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Orphanages as a Last resort
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L9: Who’s doing community-based care well?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
go Deeper
�W��'(38'�8'!&-2+�;,83<+,��'9932��T�&-&�@3<�023>�3(�!2@�38+!2-A!ধ329�>380-2+�;3>!8&9 community-based care or family strengthening and support?
Sharing Question:
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organizations doing community-based care well
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L10: What are my next steps?
SmallGroupDiscussion
discussion points:
Prayer Points
Exercise
go Deeper
1. Share with the group how your vision for orphan care has changed as you have worked through this guide.
Sharing Question:
�W��,!8'�@3<8�8'96329'9�;3�;,'�7<'9ধ329�32�6!+'�¤�W�2. Turn to the person next to you and share with them your mission statement on page 71.
Next Steps
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Footnotes
81
What did the experts
say?
Lesson 2�f��-$ধ32!8@�3(�;,'��£&��'9;!1'2;V��'2;!;'<$,V����316'2&-<1�3(��32;'1638!8@��-#£-$!£��$,3£!89,-6T�9W=W�[�86,!2W\�f #-&�f #-&�f #-&�f #-&¤f�!=-&��13£-2T�[�(��86,!29�!2&��&36ধ32T��!8'2;9�!2&�;,'��338T�?6£3-;!ধ32�!2&��'9$<'V����$8-6;<8!£�!2&��,'3£3+-$!£������8-ধ7<'�3(�;,'�=!2+'£-$!£��,8-9ধ!2��&36ধ32�!2&��86,!2��!8'��3='1'2;T\��'+'2;��3<82!£�3(� 2;'82!ধ32!£��!>�¥T����23W���l����mW�,ħ6Vcc>3809W#'68'99W$31c&!=-&i913£-2c���l!$$'99'&��3='1#'8���T�����mW����W�f11!2<'£��!;32+3£'�!2&��,8-9��-$'T��'$32$-£-2+��££��,-2+9V����,8-9ধ!2��-9-32�(38��<9ধ$'T��'!$'�!2&��'!£-2+T��'93<8$'9�����(38��'$32$-£-!ধ32�l�3>2'89��83='T� ££WV� ����3309T����¥mT���W
Lesson 3�f��!=-&��3£(8''T��33(9�!2&��33;9V��,'�$!8'�3(�9'6!8!;'&�$,-£&8'2�-2�;,'�&'='£36-2+�>38£&T��32&32T��!='�;,'�������,-£&8'2���W�l����mT���f��W�f�2&8'!�8'-&<9T�[�!=-2+��!£!>-V�!-;,(<£��'96329'�;3��86,!29�!2&��<£2'8!#£'��,-£&8'2\�-2��!6!��<££'ধ2���U���W�f�!£!2-&,-��<##!8!3�!2&��-!2'��3<8@T��'!$,-2+��<;�;3��(8-$!y9��86,!29V�!�8!1'>380�(38��<#£-$��$ধ32����l�!9,-2+;32T���V��38£&��!20��<#£-$!ধ329T�����mT��¤W�f��!832��8''2#'8+T��3,2��-££-!1932T�!1-£-'9��3;��86,!2!+'9W�l����mW�,ħ6Vcc>>>W$8-2W38+c&3$9c����!1-£-'9¦���3;¦���86,!2!+'9W6&(�l!$$'99'&��3='1#'8���T�����mT�¥W�f�!='�;,'��,-£&8'2T�Y���!9;��'938;V��,'�+83>-2+�$32$'82�!#3<;�$,-£&8'2�-2�8'9-&'2ধ!£�$!8'ZT��!='�;,'��,-£&8'2T���T�����32�#',!£(�3(�;,'� 2;'82!ধ32!£��!='�;,'��,-£&8'2��££-!2$'T�����T��¤W¤f�3£(8''T��33(9�!2&��33;9T����W�f #-&WT���W¥f #-&WT���W�f��'3ø�39;'8T�[�!(';@��';9�38��,-£&8'2��ø'$;'&�#@�� �V��-&9�-2��3<;,'82��(8-$!T\�-2����'2'8!ধ32�!;��-90S�������-=c!-&9T��<£2'8!#£'��,-£&8'2�!2&��'$<8-;@�-2��3<;,'82��(8-$!T�'&W��3#@2��,!83!,T��-2&!��-$,;'8T�!2&��'='8£@��-££-!2�����l�3<;,��(8-$!V� 29ধ;<;'�(38��'$<8-;@��;<&-'9T�����mT�,ħ6Vcc>>>W-99!(8-$!W38+c6<#9c�323+8!6,9c�3���c�����,!6�W6&(�l!$$'99'&��3='1#'8���T�����mT�¥�W��f�;'6,'2��!11'8T�[�'£-+-3<9�$311<2-ধ'9�;!0'�;,'�£'!&W\�!1-£@�!2&��311<2-;@��-2-9;8-'9���T�23W���l�<2'��T�����mV�������������'£-+-32��!;!#!9'�>-;,������'8-3!£9T�����,39';W��¤W�l!$$'99'&��3='1#'8�¥T�����WmT��¤W��f�8''2#'8+�!2&��-££-!1932T�!1-£-'9��3;��86,!2!+'9T��W��f��!11'8T��'£-+-3<9��311<2-ধ'9T��¤W
82
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Lesson 5�f��3£(8''T��33(9�!2&��33;9T��¥W�f��3+'8��£932T�[�3>�;3�,'£6�386,!29V�386,!2!+'9�!8'�23;�!£>!@9�;,'�#'9;�!29>'8T\��,8-9ধ!2-;@��3&!@���T�23W��������l�!2<!8@T��T�����mV�¤�T�������'£-+-32��!;!#!9'�>-;,������'8-3!£9T�����,39';W�l!$$'99'&��'$'1#'8�¥T�����Wm�¤�W�f��-££-!1932T�!1-£-'9��3;��86,!2!+'9T��W�f #-&W�f�8'-&<9T��!=-2+��!£!>-T��¥W¤f��W�2+£'T��W��83A!T��W��83!80T����8''2#'8+T��W��<20'89�!2&��W��<,!1'&8!,-13=T�[���� ���� �������� ����������� ���������������������������� �������� ��������\�-2��323+8!6,9�3(�;,'��3$-';@�(38��'9'!8$,������-2��,-£&��'='£361'2;T��¤V���¤W�f��!9;��'938;T���W¥f��3<8-9T��-0'��3<8-9T���W�f��@22'��@#'£9T��'88@��£932��[�,'�$!££�;3�!$ধ32V�£'99329�£'!82'&T\�!1-£@�!2&��311<2-;@��-2-9;8-'9���T�23W��f�������l�<2'��T�����mV��¤f��T�������'£-+-32��!;!#!9'�>-;,������'8-3!£9T�����,39';W�l!$$'99'&��'$'1#'8���T�����mW���
Footnotes Cont.
83
Lesson 61- Oswald, Elizabeth. Because We Care: Programming Guidance for Children Deprived of Parental Care. Monrovia, CA: World Vision. 2009. 8.2- Ibid., 22.3- Tolfree, Roofs and Roots, 151.4- Ibid., 152.�f��3£(8''T��83;'$ধ32�!$;�9,'';V��,-£&�683;'$ধ32�!2&�$!8'�8'£!;'&�&')2-ধ329T��!='�;,'��,-£&8'2���T�����T�¤W�¤f��-29,-6��!8'V��83=-&-2+��39-ধ='�!2&��!('��!8'�(38��,-£&8'2��-=-2+��>!@�831��31'W��!='�;,'��,-£&8'2���T�����W��W�f��9>!£&T��'$!<9'��'��!8'T���W8- Ibid., 8.�f��-29,-6��!8'T��W10- Ibid.��f��£932T��WT� W��W��2-+,;T�!2&��W�39;'8W����¤W��3<82'@9�3(�!-;,V����'93<8$'��<-&'�(38��86,!2��!8'��-2-9;8-'9W���������'£6-2+��,-£&8'2�-2��(8-$!�!2&��'@32&T���W��f�39;'8T��!(';@��';9T���W��f��!=-&��3£(8''T��83;'$ধ32�!$;�9,'';T���W��f�,ħ6Vcc>>>W!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f<+!2&!W38+c��f�,ħ6Vcc>>>W!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f<+!2&!W38+c!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f(8!1'>380W,;1£�¤f� #-&W��f� #-&W
Lesson 7
�f��£932T��2-+,;T�!2&�39;'8T��3<82'@9�3(�!-;,T��W�f��2-;'&��!ধ329T��<-&'£-2'9�(38�;,'��£;'82!ধ='��!8'�3(��,-£&8'2W��<2'�����W��W3- Ibid., 3.4- Ibid.�f� #-&WT��¤W¤f #-&WT��W�f� #-&W8- Ibid., 3.9- Oswald, Because We Care, 12.��f��8-2$-6£'9�;3��<-&'��83+8!11-2+�(38��86,!29�!2&��;,'8��,-£&8'2��ø'$;'&�#@�� �c� ��W��2-$'(�!2&���� �T�����W��W��f��9>!£&T��'$!<9'�>'��!8'T���W12- Ibid., 29.13- Ibid., 35.��f� #-&WT��¤W��f��3£(8''T��33(9�!2&��33;9T�¤�W�¤f� #-&W
Footnotes Cont.
84
Lesson 8�f�,ħ6Vcc>>>W!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f<+!2&!W38+c!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f(8!1'>380W,;1£�f�,ħ6Vcc>>>W!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f<+!2&!W38+c'1'8+'2$@f8'96329'W,;1£�f��3=-2+�38>!8&V� 16£'1'2ধ2+�;,'�Y�<-&'£-2'9�(38�;,'��£;'82!ধ='��!8'�3(��,-£&8'2ZW��$3;£!2&T�����'2;8'�(38�����?$'££'2$'�(38��330'&��đ'8��,-£&8'2�-2��$3;£!2&T�����W���W���f� #-&W�f��£932T��2-+,;T�!2&�39;'8T�831�!-;,��3��$ধ32T��W�¤f��,'��!@�38>!8&��83/'$;��'638;T��,'��!@�38>!8&T�����T���W�f��!=-&��3£(8''W����'29'�3(��'£32+-2+V��!9'��;<&-'9�-2��39-ধ='��!8'��6ধ329�38��,-£&8'2W��!='�;,'��,-£&8'2T��������T����¤W���W¥f��9>!£&T��'$!<9'��'��!8'T�¥W�f� #-&WT���W��f� #-&WT���W��f� #-&WT���W��f� #-&W��f� #-&WT���W��f��W�W��£&'2T��W��!£3£'T�!2&��W��-££-!1932W�[�!2!+-2+��+!2&!Z9��86,!2Z9��8-9-9W\��� ���T�����V���W��f��8!$'��!0-1#<+>'T�Y='8@#3&@Z9��,-£&Z�#<;�Y�3#3&@Z9��,-£&ZV��;8'2+;,'2-2+��£;'82!ধ='�!1-£@�!2&��311<2-;@���������!9'&��!8'��6ধ329�(38��#!2&32'&��,-£&8'2��£!$'&�-2��+!2&!2� 2f9ধ;<ধ329W��W�¤f�,ħ6Vcc>>>W!£;'82!ধ='f$!8'f<+!2&!W38+c2'>9c2'>9¥W,;1£��f��3£(8''T��33(9�!2&��33;9T����f���W
Footnotes Cont.