origins of european integration: historical background september 29, wednesday

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Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

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Page 1: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Origins of European Integration: Historical Background

September 29, Wednesday

Page 2: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Main question:

After many centuries of warfare, why did the European states decide to merge their economic and political systems?

Page 3: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Today: the background

Economic Political Ideological

Page 4: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Economic background:

Interwar years Severe inflation Breakdown of the int’l monetary system Nationalistic economic policies Great Depression (1929-1932)

World War II Devastated European economies

Page 5: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Dresden, 1944

Page 6: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Churchill’s Zurich Speech (1946)“…over wide areas a vast quivering mass of

tormented, hungry, careworn and bewildered human beings gape at the ruins of their cities and homes, and scan the dark horizons for the approach of some new peril, tyranny and terror”.

Page 7: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Political Background

The German problem The Cold War context Domestic Communist “threat”

Page 8: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Ideological background

Origins go back to antiquity,

however European states

never united voluntarily

Page 9: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Europe united: Roman Empire (5th cent BC – 5th cent AD)

Page 10: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Europe united:

Charlemagne’s Frankish empire

Napoleon

Napoleon Crossing the Alps on 20th May 1800Museum of Palace of Versailles, Paris, France

Page 11: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday
Page 12: Origins of European Integration: Historical Background September 29, Wednesday

Ideological background

Abbey of Saint-Pierre Kant’s pacific union Coudenhove-Kalergi and the Paneuropa

movement Churchill’s Speech in Zurich “The Tragedy of

Europe”