OPTICS OF THE EYE

By,Aniruddha KRoll no 6Eye in the Pic : Pratik Tuppad

Refracting Surfaces• Cornea

( RI=1.37)

• Aqueous Humour( RI=1.33)

• Crystalline lens ( RI=1.42)

• Vitreous Humour (RI= 1.33)

Schematic Eye • Schematic eye is an Mathematical or

Physical model that represents the basic optical features of the real eye.

• Used to provide a basis for theoretical studies of the eye as an optical instrument

Cardinal Points of Schematic Eye

• 2 Principal Foci F1 and F2• 2 Principal Points P1 and P2• 2 Nodal Points N1 and N2

Total Diopteric Power = 58.64 D

Schematic Eye

The Reduced Eye• Is the simplified version By Listing and Donder• Principal Point P• Nodal Point N• Anterior Focal Point F1• Posterior Focal Point F2• Anterior Focal Length f1 and Posterior

focal length f2

Total Diopteric Power = 60D ( +43 D by Cornea and +17 D by Lens)

Reduced Eye

Axes of the Eye• Optic Axis : AR

Line passing through centre of cornea(P),centre of Lens(N),and meets the retina on the nasal side of the Fovea (R)

• Visual Axis : OF Line joining the Fixation Point (O),Nodal Point (N), and

Fovea (F)

• Fixation Axis : OC Line Joining the Fixation Point (O) and the centre of

rotation (C)

Angle Alpha : ONAAngle Gamma : OCAAngle Kappa : OPA

Optic Axis : AR Visual Axis : OFFixation Axis : OC

Visual Angles

• Angle Alpha : ONAo Angle formed between optic axis and visual axis at the

nodal point

• Angle Gamma : OCAo Angle formed optic axis and fixation axis at the centre of

rotation of the Eyeball

• Angle Kappa : OPAo Angle Formed between visual axis and the pupillary line

Applications :• For studies on Properties of eye and

the physics related• Calculation of Retinal image sizes• Retinal illumination• Magnifications• Purkinje Images• Effects of Accommodation• Model for developing and designing

visual optical instruments• Analysis of Intra-Ocular Lenses

ThanQ…Pic : The Rabbit Eye Location : Pharmacology Lab, SIMS