operator basics-storage and distribution 2016 - rcac system elements: pipes • gray cast iron pipe...

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Operator Basics:

Storage and

Distribution

RCAC 2016 Online Training Series

Storage and Distribution Word Search

N F O Q V E U R L N E B K W S

M Z I B D T L L B O L O C D S

F E E R H B E A C I E L O E W

B B E R E W F I Z T V T L T O

A U U V R F T C R A A E B E H

L S R A L S L X G R T D X V U

T Q E I A A Y O H O E P S I L

W L N L E U V M W P D L E R F

C G P L J D K P J R C A S T S

S T A N D P I P E O N P K S T

E D W Q M A I W P C V V K N O

H Y D R A N T R R C N A U U P

A Q F Y H V Z W O I E N E T J

Y T I R U C E S A N Q V B U S

L E E T S E U M S S X S D S Y

BAFFLING BLOCK BOLTED BURIED CAST CLEARWELL

CORPORATION ELEVATED FIREFLOW HYDRANT IRON MAIN

PLASTIC PVC RIVETED SECURITY STANDPIPE STEEL STOP

THRUST VALVE

Can you spot the difference? Total of 10

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WELCOME!

This training is presented by RCAC with

funding provided by the California State Water

Resources Control Board Division of Drinking

Water (DDW)

Your Moderator Today…

Neil Worthen

Las Cruces, NM

[email protected]

The Rural Community Assistance Partnership

RCAC

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RCAC Programs

• Affordable housing

• Community facilities

• Water and wastewater infrastructure

financing (Loan Fund)

• Classroom and online training

• On-site technical assistance

• Median Household Income (MHI) surveys

Control

Tabs

Audio

Controls

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Attendee

List

Today’s

Materials

Marking

Tool

Hide/Restore

Control

Panel

Questions?

Text your questions and comments anytime during the session

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Performance Assessment

Rating Tool (PART)

• 4 to 6 weeks from today

• Email w/ today’s workshop in subject line

• 3 questions – 3 minutes maximum

• How did you use the information that was

presented today?

• Funders are looking for positive changes

• Help us continue these free workshops!

Where is my Workshop Brochure?

• If you registered for a training in the last two years no action is required

• If you have not registered via RCAC’swebsite for a training in the last two years go to:www.rcac.org/trainings/registration-helpand set up an account

• It’s easy!

Where is my Certificate For Contact Hours?

• Certificates for training hours can be downloaded and self-printed

• Go to www.rcac.org/trainings/registration-

help

and set up an account

• It’s easy!

• Starting in 2016 certificates for online training hours will not be mailed

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Questions / Discussion

Your Presenter Today…

Michael Boyd

Rural Development

Specialist:

Environmental

Gering, NE

[email protected]

Operator Basics:

Storage and

Distribution

RCAC 2016 Online Training Series

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Time for a Poll.

• Who is here today?

Outline

• Distribution System Basics/Components

• Definitions

• Storage Tanks

• Operations

• Summary

• Program Implementation

Ancient Water Systems

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• Transport water from treatment to

customer

• Fire protection

• Types of Systems

• Watering Point

• Haul System

• Piped

Water Distribution Systems

• Must be capable of furnishing water of:

• Satisfactory sanitary quality (potable)

• Satisfactory aesthetic quality

• Satisfactory quantity

• Minimum PSI?

Water Distribution Systems

Distribution System Typical

Components

• Water mains

• Control valves

• Service lines

• Meters

• Fire hydrants

• Pumping stations

• Booster stations

• CCC

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Distribution System Types

• Community

• NTNC

• TNC

• NC

• Operationally there

are two.

• Looped

• Branch

Tree

Deadends

Storage

Storage

Transmission

Transmission

Distribution System

Cl2

1st

Customer

Source

Grid

Looped

Storage

Storage

Transmission

Transmission

Distribution System

Cl2

1st

Customer

Source

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How do these systems operate

differently?

Branch Style System Looped System

Text Entry-How do these systems operate

differently?

Branch Style System Looped System

WATERING POINT CRITERIA

• Hose should be NSF approved material,

reinforced, heat traced, and PVC lined

• NSF ?

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Rural and Tribal Environmental

Solutions (RATES)

Watering point

HAUL SYSTEMS

• Water delivered to customers by truck

• Same hose requirements as point

system

• Tank should be disinfected on regular

basis

Haul System

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HAUL SYSTEM

Distribution System Elements

What type of water pipe do you have?Underline or circle

Copper PVC Plastic

Ductile iron No idea

Other

Asbestos cement

Steel

HDPE black plastic Redwood

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• Pipes

• Amount of H20 a pipe can carry is

related to its size and interior surface

smoothness

• “C” Factor

• Separation for water pipe from

sewer pipe is 10 ft horizontally and

18 inches vertically

Distribution System Elements: Pipes

• Gray Cast Iron Pipe (Ductile’ s predecessor)

• Ductile Iron Pipe

• Asbestos Cement Pipe

• Steel Pipe

• Wood

• HDPE

• PVC

PIPE MATERIALS

Questions?

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• Cast Iron Pipe

• First official record of Cast Iron pipe installation was in 1455 in Siegerland, Germany

• 1644 – French King Louis XIV

• Ordered the construction of a Cast Iron pipe main extending 15 miles from a pumping station at Marly-on-Seine to Versailles to supply water to the fountains and town. The pipe served the palace gardens for more than 330 years

Gray Cast Iron Pipe

Gray Cast Iron Pipe

• Cast Iron Pipe

• Introduced to the United States as early

as 1817 when installed in the

Philadelphia water system

• In North America, more than 600 utilities

have had useful century-old CIP, and 22

utilities have had functioning CIP that

exceeded 150 years in age

True of False?

• I still have CIP in

my system

todayHHH

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Ductile Iron Pipe

• 150 to 300 psi

• 3 inch to 64 in

• 18 ft – 24 ft lengths

• Smooth Interior

• C value 140

Ductile Iron Pipe – 1950’s

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• Manufactured by melting recycled steel, iron scrap, plant-returned scrap and pig iron

• Graphite (carbon)• Instead of flakes, graphite in the iron matrix is

distributed in spheroidal form

• Ductile Iron pipe• Twice the strength of CIP

• CIP no longer manufactured in North America

Ductile Iron Pipe vs. Cast Iron Pipe

MACHINE END

ROUGH BARREL

Cast Iron (CIP) and Ductile Cast Iron (DCIP) - Push on joint

Gray Cast Iron (CIP) and Ductile Cast Iron (DCIP) - Mechanical joint

Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipe

AC/Transite pipe

• Installed mid-1900’s

• Can loose strength

over time-calcium

leeching

• Repair can be

problematic

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Solutions (RATES)

Protect and cover pipes

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• Main Breaks

• Evaluate the site to be excavated

• What type of soils, where is break, how long will ditch be open, weather

• Type of Equipment

• Can you safely operate inside the work zone

• Control people and traffic in the area

• Shoring and safety of site

• Ladders in 4 ft deep trench, every 25 feet, spoils 4 ft away

• Putting line back in service

• Disinfect, pressure test, BacT samples

Distribution System Repairs

Main Breaks:

Other Considerations

• Water Flow

• Excavation depth

• Sump Depth

• Shoring

COUPLING DEVICES

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Bell-Spigot/MJ

• Used to connect appurtenances or

change direction.

• Appurtenances – Parts of the main

structure necessary to allow it to operate

as intended, but not considered part of the

main structure.

• Valves, hydrants, tees, elbows, etc.

• Cast iron, PVC, HDPE, stainless

• Flanged, mechanical joint, threaded, glued,

heat fused.

FITTINGS

Cast iron

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Thrust Block Locations

Components in my system

underline all that apply

• Altitude Valves

• Fire Hydrants

• AC Pipe

• Curb Stops

• Meter Pits

• Butterfly Valves

• Second “non-potable”

system

• Lead Service Lines

THE VALVES!!!!

• Used to control pressure

• Control flow

• Regulate levels

• Isolate sections of line

• Release air

• Prevent vacuum

• Introduce air

• Prevent backflow

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VALVES

• Common types include:

• Gate

• Butterfly

• Globe

• Plug

• Ball

• Air control

• Check valves

• Reduced pressure zone assemblies

Plug Valve

GATE VALVE COMPONENTS

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MAIN LINE VALVE BOX

BUTTERFLY VALVES

AIR VALVES

• Air vacuum

• Allow escape of air while line is filled

• Prevents collapse of pipe during drawdown

• Air release

• Installed at high points to collect and relieve

air

• Combination

• Air release and vacuum relief (air vac)

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COMBI AIR-VACUUM VALVE

GLOBE VALVES

• Used to reduce pressure in system,

control flow from pump.

• Only valve approved to control pressure.

• Throttle a gate valve?

• Altitude valves control level of water in a

reservoir.

GLOBE VALVE

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ALTITUDE VALVE

PLUG VALVES AND BALL VALVES

• Plug valve simplest of all valves

• Movable closure with hole

• Ball valves easier to operate

Time for a Quiz

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FIRE HYDRANTS

• Primary function is fire suppression

• Post and flush classifications

• WET BARREL

• Used in warm climates

• Independently operated discharge ports

• DRY BARREL

• Operating valve installed below ground

• Top portion drains

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Dry Barrel Hydrants

CUSTOMER SERVICES

• METERS (residential)

• Nutating disc

• Oscillating piston

• Turbine meter

• Service Lines

• Copper

• Poly

• PVC

• Others?

Propeller or Turbine Style

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Nutating disc and piston meters

SERVICES FITTINGS

• TAPPING MACHINE

• Allows tapping main line w/o shutdown

• Uses saddle clamped around line

• CORPORATION STOP

• Connects the main line to the service

• PITORIFICE

• Special corp stop used in recirculating

systems

Pit OrificeCorporation Stop

Tapping Machine

Saddle

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FITTINGS CONTINUED

• CURB STOPS

• Brass valve in service line, access in valve

box

• ANGLE STOP

• Brass valve fastened to the meter

• METER SETTER

• Allows service line to be buried at a safe

depth


Solutions (RATES)

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Standard Meter Installation

VALVE BOXGROUND LEVEL

WATER METER

ANGLE STOP

WATER MAIN

METER

SETTER

SERVICE LINE

LIMIT OF UTILITY

INSTALLATION

OR PROPERTY LINE

CORPORATION STOP

Customer Service Meter Installation

Text Entry-Typically, how long do you

think these components will last?

Pipes

Valves

Hydrants

Meters

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Typically, how long do you think these

components will last?

Pipes 35 to 40 years

Valves 35 to 40 years

Hydrants 40 to 60 years

Meters 10 to 15 years

Standard Operations-Distribution

System

• Weekly

• Review Repairs

• Check for visual leaks

• Monthly

• SAMPLING

• Log chlorine results

• Flushing

• Yearly

• Distribution system

programs

Distribution System Programs

• Valve Turning-Yearly

• Hydrant Flushing-

Twice Year

• Meter

Replacement/Repair-

10% every 5 years

• Leak Detection-every

5 years

• CCC-?

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Questions ?

Storage Tanks

• Maintain pressure on system

• Provide flow during peak demand

• Provide fire demand

• Provide surge relief

• Level out pumping demand

• Provide detention time

• Water Source Blending

Purpose

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STORAGE TANKS

• STEEL

• Bolted

• Welded

• Riveted

• CONCRETE

• Pre-stressed

• Cast in place

• WOOD

• Redwood

Standpipe

• Taller that Diameter

• Advantages

• Footprint

• Cost

• Disadvantages?

• ????

• How many ft. per psi?

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Elevated Storage

• Advantages

• ????

• Disadvantages

• Cost

• Inspection Cost

Ground Level Storage

• Above Ground

• Buried/partially buried

• Areas with dramatic

elevation change

• Advantages

Storage Protection

• Cathodic Protection• Low amperage current

• Sacrifices Iron (anode)

• Coatings • VOC compliant

• Specific Thickness

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HYDROPNEUMATIC TANKS

• Steel or fiberglass

• Pressurized by pump or air compressor

• Air pushes water into distribution system

• Maintain 2/3 water and 1/3 air

• Controlled by floats, pressure switches,

ultrasonic sensors.


Solutions (RATES)

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Solutions (RATES)

Pressure Tanks-Text Entry

Advantages Disadvantages

Tank Components to Maintain

• Inlet/outlet pipe – must be kept debris free

• Overflow pipe – discharge within one foot above ground, covered with flap valve or screen

• Drain connection – drain water should not erode, flood or cross flow

• Monitoring devices:

• Control water level in tank

• Data transmitted/recorded

• Alarm parameters to alert operator

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• Valves:

• Isolation valves used to drain tank for

maintenance

• Inspect and exercise annually (minimum)

• Altitude valves automatically stop flow

(pumps) when water level approaches

overflow


• Air vents:

• Allow air to enter and exit with fluctuating

water levels to prevent vacuum conditions or

excess pressure

• Should be screened to keep out animals and

insects

• Leak Detection

• Part of annual program


• Access hatches:

• Used for entry and ventilation during

maintenance and inspection

• Hatches on roof must have rims under the

cover to prevent rain contamination

• Hatches at the bottom of tanks must be able

to withstand high water pressure

• Inspect and correct deficiencies annually

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• Ladders:

• Should be 8 ft from the ground, or shielded

to prevent unauthorized access

• Inspect annually for corrosion or wear

• Must meet OSHA requirements:

• Safety cage

• Safety cable or safety rail

Tank Security

• Fence

• Entrance hatch locked

• Ladders raised up

• Properly vented

• Confined space

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Standard Operations-Storage

• Daily-visual

inspection

• Level

• Pressure gauge

• Security

• Weekly

• Hatch, Vents

• Annually

• Cleaning? Lighting?

Polling Question

When was the last time your water storage tank

was inspected and/or cleaned?

A. A year to five years ago

B. More than five years ago

C. More than ten years ago

D. It’s never been done

E. I don’t want to talk about it

Summary

• Distribution System

• Storage Tanks

• Operations/Maintenance

• Programs

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Questions ?

Time for our survey…

Break Time

operator basics-storage and distribution 2016 - rcac system elements: pipes • gray cast iron pipe...

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