Open Access, Open Data- Why it Matters

Presented byJury Konga, PrincipaleGovFutures Group

University of TorontoRobarts LibraryOctober 25, 2011.

Context

Open Government• Roots in Freedom of Information legislation (oldest identified with Sweden in 1766,

U.S.A. 1966; Canada FOI as well as Privacy Act; 1983)• President Obama’s Open Government directive (Jan. 2009) synopsis: Government

should be transparent, participatory and collaborative

Gov 2.0• Gov 2.0 is transformative and is often associated with

Web 2.0 technologies (i.e. Social Media)

Open Data• Open Data is a foundational component for Open Government and focuses

on freely making public data available in a usable format for all to re-use and add value for the benefit of citizens.

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• The U.S. and seven other countries launched the OGP, on September 19 & 20, 2011 – highlights of the Open Government Declaration include:

– “We uphold the value of openness in our engagement with citizens to improve services, manage public resources, promote innovation, and create safer communities. We embrace principles of transparency and open government with a view toward achieving greater prosperity, well-being, and human dignity in our own countries and in an increasingly interconnected world.”

• “Together, we declare our commitment to:– Increase the availability of information about governmental activities.– Support civic participation.– Implement the highest standards of professional integrity throughout our

administrations.– Increase access to new technologies for openness and accountability.”

Open Government - Open Government Partnership Principles

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Source : http://www.opengovpartnership.org/open-government-declaration

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Open Government- A Global Perspective

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http://vimeo.com/theacademy/opengovernment Jury KongaOpen by Design TM

1. The Commissioners endorse and promote open government as a means to enhance transparency and accountability which are essential features of good governance and critical elements of an effective and robust democracy.

2. The Commissioners call on the federal and all provincial and territorial governments to declare the importance of open government, including specific commitments for stronger standards for transparency and participation by the public.

3. Governments should build access mechanisms into the design and implementation stages of all new programs and services to facilitate and enhance proactive disclosure of information.

4. Through ongoing consultations with the public, governments should routinely identify data sources and proactively disclose information in open, accessible and reusable formats. Public access to information should be provided free or at minimal cost.

5. In implementing open government policies, the federal and all provincial and territorial governments should give due consideration to privacy, confidentiality, security, Crown copyright and all relevant laws.

Open Government - Principles in Canada

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Source : Sept 1, 2010 Resolution of Information and Privacy Commissioners of Canada, Provinces and Territorieshttp://www.oic-ci.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr-ori-ari_2010_1.aspx

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• Declaration of Local Open Government Principles– “[City] is committed to transparency …..

– [City] is committed to meaningful public participation …..

– [City] is committed to collaborating with the public and across government …..

– [City] is committed to sharing best practices and software and other resources with other government entities. …..”

Open Government - Local Open Government Principles

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Source : Open Government Initiative; http://opengovernmentinitiative.org/declaration-of-local-open-government-principles/ Jury KongaOpen by Design TM

Open Government - A View of Principles

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Open Government Elements- Focus on Citizens

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Core Element Value to Citizens

Citizen Engagement Democracy with the opportunity to participate and influence policy

Open Data Transparency via access to public information and potential value added products and services

Collaboration Efficiencies in government , reduced duplication of effort and better results

Innovation Enhancing policy , service delivery and optimizing government resources

What needs to improve to benefit citizens …

Our

focu

s to

day

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Open Data- Community Driven Principles (circa 2010)

Completeness

Primacy

Timeliness

Ease of Physical and Electronic Access

Permanence9

10 Principles for Opening Up Government Informationhttp://sunlightfoundation.com/policy/documents/ten-open-data-principles/

Machine readability

Non- discrimination

Use of commonly owned standards

Licensing

Usage costs

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Open Data- Principles in Ontario

“Access by Design” principles from Ontario Information and Privacy Commissioners Office (April 2010)

1. Proactive, not Reactive2. Access Embedded into Design3. Openness and Transparency = Accountability4. Fosters Collaboration5. Enhances Efficient Government6. Makes Access Accessible7. Increases Quality of Information

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Source: http://www.ipc.on.ca/images/Resources/accessbydesign_7fundamentalprinciples.pdf

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Open Government, Open Data- Why?

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Shareholders…. needs & expectations

Images via MS Office

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Open Data Current State- Where in the World

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http://datos.fundacionctic.org/sandbox/catalog/faceted/

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Open Data Current State- From Local to Global

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• Federal : started shortly before election call. One year pilot. Considered 2 – 3 years behind UK & USA

• Only 1 Province: Data BC which also has Minister of Open Government

• Municipalities: Leaders in Open Data. In Ontario: Toronto, Ottawa, London, Windsor, Mississauga. Others in planning stages.

Open Data Current State- the Canadian Open Scene

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Open Data Current State - Collaboration from Local to Global

Local Open Data Community sites and events “owned and operated” by citizens

USING Open Data - Local to Global collaborations – all at once!

Participated in RHoK Dec 4 – 5, 2010. Combined with Intl Open Data Hackathon: 63 cities, 25 countries, 5 continents … another planned for 2011

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• G4: Toronto, Vancouver, Edmonton & Ottawa• ODF Project: August – December 2010.• ODF Components

– Governance– Principles & Policy– Standards– Technology– Data, Operations

& Human Resources– Open Data Portal– Future Roadmap

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G4 Open Data CitiesODF Project

http://www.slideshare.net/jkonga/open-data-current-state-next-gen

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Open Data Framework- Open Data Maturity Model

1 Startup

2 Data Catalog

3 Open Data Portal

4 Enterprise Open Data

5 Global Integration

Five Phases of Open Data

Evolutionary withinInfo Management Best Practices

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Open Data Value Proposition- Use & Re-Use of the Data

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• Value is not in the raw data alone

• Apps for use of the data is key to open data success

• Value to the Citizen is the bottom line

Great video on value of open data- http://www.streetfilms.org/a-case-for-open-data-in-transit/

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• Hans Rosling’s Gapminder App

• Raw data input from simple table

• Animation to simplify understanding of temporal data

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Open Data Value Proposition- Visualization for Education

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• Dynamic visualization based on neighbourhoods

• User control over well-being indicators & weighting

• Option to download data for re-use !

• New features on the way

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Open Data Value Proposition- Visualization + Data

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Source: Harvey Low, Project Manager Social Policy, Analysis and Researchhttp://www.toronto.ca/wellbeing/

• Enhanced services

• Cost reductions (e.g. FOI requests)

• Economic development

• Improved government transparency & trust

• Increased citizen engagement

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Open Data Value Proposition- Some Commonly Defined Benefits

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Open Data - NxGen

Open DataDNA

LinkedOpen Data

LinkedPersonal Data

… everything is connected to everything

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Open Data NxGen- New Approach

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Consider a new focus for the Service Provider – Client Relationship

Service Provider

Service Recipient

Us

Government

Them

Citizens

From this ….

Service Provider

Service Recipient

to this ..

WE

A Community ApproachTo Public Service

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Open Data NxGen- Crowdsourcing

Today’s examples of where tomorrow will go

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Open Data NxGen- CrowdsourcingContinually evolving

- the human sensor web

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPeWJTuD7G8&feature=player_embedded#!

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http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/interactive/2010/oct/19/comprehensive-spending-review-cuts

Open Data NxGen- Enhanced UsabilityVisualization

User interaction

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OpenData.EARTH

OpenData.EARTH

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Academia, Non-Profits,

Community Groups

OpenStreetMapCommunity

Updates

External Data Linkages(e.g. World Bank)

OpenData.CA

Provincial

Municipal

Federal

Public Service

Source: Municipal Open Government Framework, 2010 www.slideshare.net/jkonga

Open Data NxGen- Enhanced Content & Access

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Government

NGO

PrivateAcademia

Community Groups

Moving forward together … as a community

Need to leverage ourCommunity Intellectual Capitaland resources

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• OpenCorporates is a recent initiative

• Aims: URL for every company in the world & relating government data to companies

• How about a “Good” Corporate Citizen Index …. Occupy Wall Street (#OWS) would be interested

Open Corporate Data

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Source: The New Scientist; (Image: PLoS One)http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228354.500-revealed--the-capitalist-network-that-runs-the-world.html

“The 147 Companies That Control Everything”Forbes Article, October 22, 2011.

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• Informal defn: “Open science is the idea that scientific knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical in the discovery process.”

• Fundamental Goals – July 28, 2009. Transparency in experimental methodology, observation and collection of data Public availability and reusability of scientific data Public accessibility and transparency of scientific communication Using web-based tools to facilitate scientific collaboration

• Opportunity for collaboration and benefits to society are HUGE

Open Scientific Data

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• Open Government Data– it benefits people

• Open Corporate Data– it benefits people

• Open Science Data– it benefits people

• An Open World Benefits All of Us

Why access matters …

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Jury Konga, PrincipaleGovFutures Group

jkonga@sympatico.caTwitter @jkongaSkype jury.konga

Other presentations:www.slideshare.net/jkonga

www.slideshare.net/jurykonga

Thank You