Ocean Ocean CurrentsCurrentsChapter 16.1 Chapter 16.1

Ocean CurrentsOcean Currents• Masses of ocean water that flow from one place to

another.

CurrentsCurrents• Two types of ocean currents:

– Surface currents– Deep currents

Surface CurrentsSurface Currents

• Develop from friction between the ocean and the wind that blows across the surface.

Currents that ONLY move horizontally in the UPPER part of the Oceans surface

Color your surface current map using the Key on your Surface Current Map!

BLUE = Cold CurrentRED = Warm Current

Global Winds Create Global Winds Create Currents Currents

Draw and Label a Global Winds Diagram according to this diagram.

GyresGyres• Huge circular-moving current systems that are driven by

the global winds.• 5 main gyres!

Gyre Plastic Gyre Plastic PollutionPollution

What if this was YOUR What if this was YOUR home?home?

Locate the 5 main Gyres on your surface current map.

Label the Gyres on your map

Why?Great Britain and Alaska are at similar latitudes, yet Great Britain is about 25 degrees warmer than Alaska…

Ocean Currents and Ocean Currents and ClimateClimate Gulf Stream is a great example of bringing warmth to a high

latitude.It brings heat from the equator region to areas more North

and South

Deep Deep CurrentsCurrents• VERTICAL (up and down) currents of ocean

water• Caused by differences in water density• Dense water SINKS• LESS dense water RISES

Deep CurrentsDeep Currents• A result of temperature or salinity changes

temp = sinks salinity = density sinks

Color in your Global Conveyor

Belt diagram

TidesTidesChapter 16.2

What is a What is a Tide?Tide?• The rise and fall of the sea level.

The gravitational pull The gravitational pull of the Moon and the of the Moon and the Sun make the tidesSun make the tides

• The Sun is much larger than the Moon but has ONLY about ½ of the power of the Moon on tides

Sun Vs. MoonSun Vs. Moon

Because the Moon is CloserWHY?

Types of Tides• Two types of tides:

Spring Tides

Neap Tides

Spring TidesSpring Tides• The Sun, Moon and Earth are in a straight line.

Spring TidesSpring Tides• Highest High Tides and Lowest Low Tides• Why?

Spring TideSpring Tide• ALL Gravitational Force!!

Neap TidesNeap Tides • When the Sun Moon and Earth are at right angles.

Neap TidesNeap Tides• Tidal Range is the smallest. (NOT MUCH

DIFFERENCE between high tide and low tide!)• Why?

Neap Tide Neap Tide ForcesForces• TWO different forces

• Gravitational and Centrifugal

Centrifugal

Spring Tide vs. Spring Tide vs. Neap TideNeap Tide

Spring Tide Force is all in one direction

Neap Tide Force is from two directions

at the same time

HIGHEST HIGHS & LOWEST LOWS LOW HIGHS & HIGH LOWS

In the boxes at the bottom of your notes

Tide Animationshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ohDG7RqQ9I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMKvqMUZwV4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OP0cpXpw8yk

How Tides Work

Time Lapse High Tide

The Bay of Fundy