Ocean Carbon amp Biogeochemistry Compendium of Recent and Upcoming OCB Activities and Products

DOWNLOAD THIS BOOKLET

Table of ContentsScientific Steering Committee (SSC) 3

Ocean Time series Committee 4

Biogeochemical Argo Subcommittee 5

Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee 6

Workshops 7

Scoping Workshop Laying the foundation for a potential future BioGeoSCAPES program 8

Small Group Activities 9

Working Group Observation-based estimates of airndashsea carbon fluxes 9

Working Group Fish carbon flux 10

Working Group 15N2 fixation 11

Working Group Phytoplankton Taxonomy 12

Workshop Lateral Carbon Flux Wetlands 13

Ocean Carbonate System Intercomparison 14

Aquatic Continuum Science Focus Group 15

Workshop Ocean Nucleic Acids Omics 16

Ocean Metaproteomic Analyses 17

Training Activities 18

Products amp Reports 19

Media amp Outreach 21

See notes for latest news and ways to get involved

LEARN MORE ATus-ocborg

JOIN US ON Twitter US_OCB

Table of ContentsScientific Steering Committee (SSC) 3

Ocean Time series Committee 4

Biogeochemical Argo Subcommittee 5

Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee 6

Workshops 7

Scoping Workshop Laying the foundation for a potential future BioGeoSCAPES program 8

Small Group Activities 9

Working Group Observation-based estimates of airndashsea carbon fluxes 9

Working Group Fish carbon flux 10

Working Group 15N2 fixation 11

Working Group Phytoplankton Taxonomy 12

Workshop Lateral Carbon Flux Wetlands 13

Ocean Carbonate System Intercomparison 14

Aquatic Continuum Science Focus Group 15

Workshop Ocean Nucleic Acids Omics 16

Ocean Metaproteomic Analyses 17

Training Activities 18

Products amp Reports 19

Media amp Outreach 21

See notes for latest news and ways to get involved

LEARN MORE ATus-ocborg

JOIN US ON Twitter US_OCB

Scientific Steering Committee (SSC)

Seth Bushinsky (UH) (early career) - chemical oceanography carbon cycle oxygen cycle air-sea gas exchange autonomous vehicles

Dreux Chappell (ODU) - molecular microbial ecology phytoplankton cultivationphysiology and trace metal biogeochemistry

Victoria Coles (UMCES) (2020) (Vice Chair)- observation and modeling of ocean and estuarine circulation climate impact biogeochemical ecological and genomic modeling

Scott Doney (Univ Virginia) (ex officio) - marine biogeochemical modeling ocean acidification

Andrea Fassbender (MBARI) (2020) - marine biogeochemical cycling the oceanrsquos role in global climate through the carbon cycle

Marjorie Friedrichs (VIMS) (2021) (Chair) - biogeochemistry of estuarine and coastal systems biophysical modeling

Julie Granger (Univ Connecticut) (2021) - nitrogen cycle stable isotope geochemistry high latitude biogeochemistry benthic-pelagic coupling

Raleigh Hood (UMCES) (2021) - biological oceanography and biogeochemical modeling

Matt Long (NCAR) (2020) - biogeochemical and climate modeling

Amy Maas (BIOS) (2020) - physiology distribution and RNA sequencing of zooplankton genetic response of pteropods to ocean acidification carbon flux circadian rhythms diel vertical migration

Adam Martiny (Univ California Irvine) (2021) - marine bacteria elemental stoichiometry genomics

Jaime Palter (URI) - physics-biogeochemistry ocean C and heat uptake WBCs autonomous assets

Patrick Rafter (UCI) - chemical oceanography paleoceanography

Clare Reimers (OSU) (2020) - coastal and deep-sea benthic biogeochemistry eddy covariance and microsensor profiling redox processes and microbial metabolic pathways linking O2 C N and S cycles

Charlie Stock (NOAAGFDL) - interactions between climate and marine ecosystems using global early system models

Maria Tzortziou (CCNY CUNY amp Columbia Univ Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory) (2021) - anthropogenic and natural stressors on biogeochemical exchanges photochemical processes and ecosystem functioning

httpswwwus-ocborgaboutscientific-steering-committee

To learn more about serving on the OCB SSC please read the charge and terms of reference pg 3

httpswwwus-ocborgaboutocean-time-series-committeeOcean Time series Committee

Benway H M L Lorenzoni A E White B Fiedler N M Levine D P Nicholson M D DeGrandpre H M Sosik M J Church T D OrsquoBrien M Leinen R A Weller D M Karl S A Henson R M Letelier (2019) Ocean time series observations of changing marine ecosystems An era of integration synthesis and societal applications Frontiers in Marine Science httpsdoiorg103389fmars201900393

Neuer S H Benway N Bates C Carlson M Church M DeGrandpre J Dunne R Letelier M Lomas L Lorenzoni F Muller-Karger M J Perry P Quay (2017) Monitoring ocean change in the 21st Century Eos 98 httpsdoi1010292017EO080045 (published on 08 September 2017)

The primary focus of the Ocean Time-series Committee (OTC) is shipboard time-series stations but this committee also seeks to improve existing and develop new ocean observing capabilities in support of OCB science including autonomous instrument time-series OTC continually works to align the evolving scientific needs of the OCB community with existing ocean observing capabili-ties and draw attention to critical observational gaps

Recent Activities and Outcomes

pg 4

httpswwwus-ocborgaboutocb-subcommitteesus-biogeochemical-argo-subcommittee

Biogeochemical Argo Subcommittee

This committee serves as a focal point for US community input on the implementation of the global biogeochemical float array and associated science program development This committee also engages with and provides US input to the International Biogeochemical-Argo steering committee

Recent Activities and Outcomesbull Building ocean biogeochemistry observing capacity one float at a time An update on the

Biogeochemical-Argo Program httpswwwus-ocborgbgc-argo-update-2018bull NSF MSRI proposal for 500 new BGC-Argo floatsbull OO19 white paper on Argo 2020 mission Roemmich D et al (2019) On the Future

of Argo A Global Full-Depth Multi-Disciplinary Array Frontiers in Marine Science 6 | httpsdoiorg103389fmars201900439

pg 5

Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee

Workshop Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions Scoping directions for US researchOctober 1-3 2019 httpswebwhoieduair-sea-workshop - read the workshop summary The full workshop report (in preparation) will be a science plan to help coalesce the US air-sea research community around a common set of science goals and research priorities and foster a more cohesive US contribution to international SOLAS

httpswwwus-ocborgaboutocb-subcommitteessubcommittee-on-ocean-atmosphere-interactions

The scientific focus of this subcommittee is on ocean-atmosphere interactions and their role in marine biogeochemical cycles There is a substantial overlap between the scientific goals of the OCB and SOLAS (Surface Ocean and Lower Atmosphere) communities and this subcommittee seeks to strengthen communication and collaboration between ocean and atmospheric scientists to create a thriving collaborative air-sea interaction research community in the US

Activities and Outcomes

pg 6

Workshops

Ocean nucleic acids lsquoomics intercalibration and standardization workshop (January 9-11 2020) httpswwwus-ocborgocean-nucleic-acids-omics-workshop

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions Scoping directions for US research (October 1-3 2019 Sterling Virginia) httpswebwhoieduair-sea-workshop - Brief workshop summary httpswwwus-ocborgadvancing-science-and-strengthening-collaboration-in-the-air-sea-research-community (full report in preparation)

EarthCube Workshop for Ocean Time Series Data (September 13-15 2019 Univ Hawairsquoi) httpswwwus-ocborgearthcube-workshop-ocean-time-series-data

Oceanic Methane and Nitrous Oxide The present situation and future scenarios (October 28-31 2018 Lake Arrowhead CA) httpswebwhoiedumethane-workshop - this website is now an information and resource hub for the trace gas community workshop report (in prep) will be an Ideas and Perspectives article for Biogeosciences several SOPs are also being developed for archival in the Ocean Best Practices System

OCB Biogeochemical Profiling Float Workshop (July 9-13 2018 Seattle WA) httpswebwhoiedufloats-workshop

4th US Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (February 17-19 2018 Portland OR) httpswebwhoieduocb-oa

Ocean Carbon Hot Spots Workshop (joint with US CLIVAR) (September 25-26 2017 Moss Landing CA) httpsusclivarorgmeetingsocean-carbon-hot-spots-workshop

Indian Ocean Science Workshop (September 11-13 2017 La Jolla CA) httpswebwhoieduiioe2 - OCB now hosts the US IIOE2 (International Indian Ocean Expedition) website

pg 7

2020 OCB Summer Workshop (July 22-25 2020 Woods Hole MA) - learn more on workshop website httpswebwhoieduocb-workshop

OCB Scoping Workshop Laying the foundation for a potential future BioGeoSCAPES program Assessing needs and capabilities for studying controls on ocean metabolism through integrated omics and biogeochemistry (PIs Ben Twining Mak Saito Alyson Santoro Adrian Marchetti Naomi Levine) - October 14-17 2020 (Woods Hole MA registration opens in May 2020) httpswwwus-ocborgocb-scoping-workshop-laying-the-foundation-for-a-potential-future-biogeoscapes-program

Recent

Upcoming

pg 7

Understanding ocean metabolism on a changing planet is a complex and challenging problem that requires coordination across many different fields We find ourselves

NEW Scoping Workshop Laying the foundation for a potential future BioGeoSCAPES program Assessing needs and capabilities for studying controls on ocean metabolism through integrated omics and biogeochemistryhttpswwwus-ocborgocb-scoping-workshop-laying-the-foundation-for-a-potential-future-biogeoscapes-program

Anticipated OutcomesAn important aspect of the workshop will be using the discussion to develop a list of action items to enable the US program to further the progression towards a global-scale microbial oceanography capability required for a BioGeoSCAPES program Primary outcomes will includebull Community-building of a diverse group of national scientists with expertise in microbial

biogeochemistrybull Workshop report summarizing workshop findings and future action items

bull scientific questions of interest (with breakout groups by geographic region and depth)

bull analytes of interest and availability of intercalibration standards for ensuring accuracy in large-scale sampling programs

bull integration of sampling modes and their integration with scientific objectives (eg temporal and spatial)

bull available and emerging sampling platformsbull challenges of data management and archival

synthesis and modelingbull scope of the BioGeoSCAPES initiative (ie balance

of field vs lab measurements section vs process studies

bull mechanisms to facilitate international coordinationbull potential funding sources and feasibility with the

US system

finally at a point in time where international momentum has built and we are methodologically and intellectually poised to take on the challenge of an integrated microbial biogeochemistry program Critically we see the international community moving forward with a BioGeoSCAPES initiative and feel it is imperative that the US maintain a co-leadership role This workshop represents an opportunity for interested US scientists to contribute to the development of key scientific questions that a coordinated microbial biogeochemistry program could address and articulate how those would bridge disciplines (eg questions that are fundamentally biological chemical or both) Participants will discuss currently available technical capabilities as well as obstacles to be addressed in order to address the proposed studies Project scope will be discussed with efforts made to develop consensus on how to focus the BioGeoSCAPES program within the broader fields of biological and chemical oceanography Ongoing omics intercomparison and intercalibration efforts (ocean metaproteomics ocean nucleic acids) will lay critical foundation for BioGeoSCAPES and participants will provide updates on their status and discuss further efforts that will be needed for those domains Furthermore additional analytes that may be of scientific value may be identified as needing intercalibration efforts in order to create globally intercomparable values needed for a large-scale program For a preliminary schedule we propose to begin with an introduction by the conveners followed by several plenary talks to set the stage for the discussions on various topics such as

pg 8

Small Group Activities

A number of recent studies have applied novel statistical and machine-learning methods to in situ surface ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) observations to estimate the ocean carbon sink with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution These studies suggest that the oceanic CO2 sink is more variable on multiyear timescales than previously estimated from biogeochemical model simulations This newly identified variability challenges our model-based mechanistic understanding and puts into question our projections of the future ocean carbon sink These observation-based estimates however rely on extensive interpolation of limited observations and thus their reliability is unclear particularly in data-sparse regions and seasons Furthermore inconsistencies regarding the area covered by open and coastal ocean estimates hampers our ability to constrain CO2 fluxes across the full marine continuum (ie all tidal waters) The goal of this working group will be to assess critical uncertainties in existing observation-based products determine how best to integrate observation-based open-ocean and coastal-ocean CO2 airndashsea fluxes and quantify uncertainties in the natural (pre-industrial) outgassing of CO2 These efforts will lead to better constraints on the contemporary ocean carbon sink and its variability The results of this OCB Working Group will assist the global carbon community in understanding the state of the global carbon cycle so as to contribute to international efforts to address climate change

Working Group Filling the gaps in observation-based estimates of airndashsea carbon fluxeshttpswwwus-ocborgfilling-the-gaps-in-observation-based-estimates-of-air-sea-carbon-fluxes-working-group

Activities and Outcomes

Spring 2020 Working Group Meeting 1 (Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory) Critically review the latest flux estimates for the open ocean coastal ocean Arctic Ocean and natural outgassing A detailed plan will be developed to integrate data-based flux estimates for the open ocean coastal ocean the Arctic Ocean and natural outgassing

OCB2020 Working Group report out on preliminary findings and proposed path forward

Summer 2021 Working Group Meeting 2 (Woods Hole MA) discuss and compare existing approaches to assess and represent uncertainties of the airndashsea CO2 flux eg spread across ensembles random subsampling or bootstrapping approaches or using synthetic data from internally consistent output from ocean model simulations to evaluate data-based gap-filled estimates We will consider strategies that use ocean model output to test gap-filling methods and quantify uncertainties

pg 9

The goals of this working group are to 1) synthesize the existing research on fish carbon flux 2) recognize challenges in measuring fish carbon flux and discuss approaches to resolve them 3) develop research priorities to fill in the large gaps in understanding fish carbon flux 4) identify opportunities to obtain resources needed to move this research forward

Working Group Towards a better understanding of fish contribution to carbon flux

Members Grace Saba (Rutgers Univ) Nicola Beaumont (Plymouth Marine Laboratory) Adrian Burd (Univ of Georgia) Peter Davison (Farallon Institute) John Dunne (NOAA GFDL) Santiago Hernaacutendez-Leoacuten (Institute of Oceanography and Global Change) Angela Martin (Univ of Agder) Kenneth Rose (UMCES) Joe Salisbury (Univ of New Hampshire) Deborah Steinberg (VIMS) Clive Trueman (National Oceanography Centre) Rod Wilson (Univ of Exeter) Stephanie Wilson (Bangor Univ)

httpswwwus-ocborgwg-fish-carbon

Activities and Outcomes

A full report of this workshop is available at httpswwwus-ocborgtowards-a-better-understanding-of-fish-contribution-to-carbon-flux-ocb-workshop-summary

Working group members are developing two peer-reviewed manuscripts focused on 1) a synthesis of fish carbon flux research and 2) a quantitative analysis of fish carbon flux

pg 10

Working Group Developing best practices for measurement of oceanic 15N2 fixation rates and relationships to communitieshttpswwwus-ocborgn-fixation-working-group

Using field and laboratory data from a recently funded NSF EAGER award this working group is conducting a thorough assessment of the 15N2 tracer incubation method (accuracy error analysis detection limit etc) for measuring nitrogen fixation rates and accompanying molecular methods that identify responsible diazotrophs

Recent Activities and Outcomesbull Visit the webpage to view or contribute to the 15N2 Contaminant Database and the Metadata

15N tracer incubations for N2 fixation measurements

bull White A E J Granger C Selden M R Gradoville L Potts A Bourbonnais R W Fulweiler A N Knapp W Mohr P Moisander C R Tobias MMulholland (In Review) A Roadmap for Measurement of 15N2 Fixation in Pelagic Ecosystems LampO Methods pg 11

Working Group Phytoplankton Taxonomyhttpswwwus-ocborgphytoplankton-taxonomy-working-group

Working Group Objective In an effort to facilitate community-wide access to phytoplankton data products that support critical satellite algorithm development and validation this working group convenes relevant expertise (eg phytoplankton ecology and taxonomy data systems informatics etc) to develop a set of standards and best practices for phytoplankton taxonomy data

bull Developing prototypes for submitting phytoplankton taxonomic data and metadata to public data repositories (eg SeaBASS and BCO-DMO)

bull Developing a technical memo for publication that outlines standards and best practices for taxon-resolved phytoplankton data

bull Poster presentation (AGU 2018) Building Essential Biodiversity Variable Data Sets from Plankton Imaging Systems to Support Satellite Ocean Color Algorithm Development and Validation

Recent Activities and Outcomes

pg 12

Workshop Lateral Carbon Flux in Tidal Wetlandshttpswwwus-ocborglateral-c-flux-tidal-wetlandsThe OCB-supported activity ldquoLateral Carbon Flux in Tidal Wetlandsrdquo brought together experts to review methods and synthesize data on tidal exchange of carbon between wetlands and the coastal ocean The ultimate ongoing goal is to estimate annual rates of carbon exchange across the contiguous US Knowledge of the magnitude and mechanisms of carbon cycling in tidal wetlands including salt marshes mangroves and tidal fresh wetlands is necessary to understand their role in coastal ecology and carbon budgets as well as interaction with the chemistry of the coastal ocean The high rate of carbon exchange in tidal wetlands provides a strong linkage between the atmosphere and the coastal ocean since lateral aquatic export appears to be an important or dominant fate of that fixed carbonDuring the workshop two approaches were agreed to pursue the US-scale flux estimation

1 Develop a set of new flux rate estimates based on ongoing research of participants test relationships to measures of carbon supply rate and frequency of aquatic exchange between wetland and ocean Derive predictive relationships and use to map rates

2 Calculate the lateral flux as the unknown in the net ecosystem carbon balance based on measured or estimated rates of carbon storage and productivity

Recent Activities and Outcomesbull Successful development of mapped products to support the lateral flux estimations led by

workshop participantsbull Feagin RA et al (In Press) Tidal wetland Gross Primary Production across the

continental United States 2000-2018 Global Biogeochemical Cyclesbull A CONUS-scale map of relative tidal marsh elevation an essential variable for

coastal wetland sustainability Holmquist J et al Journal article in preparationbull New measured rates of lateral carbon flux at sites around the US

bull Mann AG OrsquoKeefe Suttles JA Gonneea ME Brosnahan SM Brooks TW Wang ZA Ganju NK Kroeger KD 2019 Time-series biogeochemical and flow data from a tidal salt-marsh creek Sage Lot Pond Waquoit Bay Massachusetts 2012-2016 httpsdoiorg105066P9STIROQ

bull Kroeger KD Gonneea ME Wang ZA Ganju NK Pohlman JW Abdul-Aziz O Tang J Spivak A Moseman-Valtierra S 2019 Salt Marsh Net Ecosystem Carbon Balance Comprehensive Measurements of the Lateral Flux Biennial CERF Conference Mobile AL

bull Coastal amp Estuarine Research Federation (CERF) 2019 session on lateral fluxes

pg 13

Ocean Carbonate System Intercomparison Forumhttpswwwus-ocborgocean-carbonate-system-intercomparison-forum

Recent literature has highlighted several ongoing challenges regarding the consistency of seawater CO2 measurements with estimates from alternate input pairs These gaps in our knowledge of the ocean carbonate system are probably related to carbonate constant uncertainties frequently-unknown concentrations of organic bases in seawater and unrecognized measurement uncertainties CO2 measurement intercomparability is also challenged by the large and growing variety of instruments and approaches used for measurements and the lack of robust assessments or certified reference materials for some methods While measurement strategies diversify and evolve the need remains for consistent records of key measurements over time to assess marine CO2 cycling and its impacts eg dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) records for anthropogenic carbon storage and changes in the biological pump partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) records for air-sea CO2 flux estimates pH records for ocean acidification (OA) monitoring and seawater alkalinity (AT) records for assessing the impacts of OA on carbonate mineral cycling It is therefore more critical than ever that scientists develop a strategy for identifying and addressing carbonate system intercomparability uncertainties thus enabling existing and future data to be reconciled into internally-consistent data products with associated uncertainties A forum between experts in carbonate system parameter measurements data documentation and interconversion to debate the nature of the problems advocate for needed research to resolve these problems and provide guidance for data product assembly and documentation

Recent Activities and OutcomesFirst meeting was held June 22-23 2019 in Woods Hole MA A meeting summary is available at httpswwwus-ocborgocb-workshop-report-ocean-carbonate-system-intercomparison-forum

Working group members are currently planning and securing funding for a laboratory intercomparison activity (SpringSummer 2020)

pg 14

OCB cooordinated with the NACP and the US Carbon Cycle Science Program leadership to establish new OCB-NACP Aquatic Continuum Science Focus Group to help identify community-based mechanisms (eg workshops small group efforts publications etc) to facilitate exploration of and progress on high-priority coastal carbon research and other high-level pertinent NACP-OCB cross-cutting questions

httpswwwus-ocborgocb-nacp-science-focus-group

OCB-NACP Aquatic Continuum Science Focus Group

OCB 2019 Plenary Session Approaches and challenges to understanding biogeochemical cycling across the land-ocean aquatic continnum - Watch the whole session on YouTube httpstinyurlcomv6ucp7v

NACP 2020 Breakout Session Climate change and extreme hydrologic events A temporal

Recent Activities and Outcomes

pg 15

Workshop Ocean Nucleic Acids Omicshttpswwwus-ocborgocean-nucleic-acids-omics-workshop

The Ocean Nucleic Acids lsquoOmics Intercalibration and Standardization Workshop is aimed at developing a focused marine microbial nucleic acid (na) omics intercomparison and intercalibration effort Increasingly field programs of relevance to the OCB community include major components that use high-throughput molecular barcoding metagenomics and transcriptomics (nucleic acid lsquoomics or naomics herein) to understand the functioning of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes in the ocean A pressing challenge for both our community and the broader microbiome research community is the need for more standardization and intercalibration to facilitate comparison between narsquoomics data

The workshop was held January 9-11 2020 at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill The agenda (with linked workshop presentations) and participant list are available on the workshop website (httpswwwus-ocborgocean-nucleic-acids-omics-workshop) A full workshop report is in preparation

Recent Activities and Outcomes

pg 16

Intercomparison and Intercalibration of Ocean Metaproteomic Analyseshttpswwwus-ocborgintercomparison-and-intercalibration-metaproteomics

Ocean metaproteomics is an exciting new datatype that has the potential to provide valuable new insights into the metabolic functions of marine microbes and their impact on ecological and biogeochemical processes However as for most new measurement types there are uncertainties associated with the accuracy and precision of measurements due to the limited extent of the application of analyses thus far and hence there is a need to generate community confidence in metaproteomics We propose to initiate an intercomparison and intercalibration effort whereby an ocean metaproteome sample from the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series is collected divided and shared among multiple laboratories for global and targeted metaproteomic analyses The results will be collated and discussed at a workshop of intercalibration participants In addition an informatic intercomparison will also be conducted using a representative mass spectra data file This effort is a follow up of the 2010 OCB scoping workshop ldquo The Molecular Biology of Biogeochemistry Using molecular methods to link ocean chemistry with biological activityrdquo and NSF EarthCube workshop that assembled US and Canadian scientists involved in metaproteomic research in May of 2017 Ocean Proteomics Data Sharing and Best Practices Workshop Report

PIs Mak Saito and Matthew McIlvin

Recent Activities and OutcomesFilter samples were collected from the North Atlantic Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Station and are currently being distributed with peptide standards and a paired metagenomic database to research labs Intercomparison efforts will include three components 1) global metaproteomic analyses 2) targeted metaproteomic analyses and 3) informatic pipeline analyses from a shared data file Email metap-intercompwhoiedu to participate in any or all of the three components Sample analysis should occur in the spring of 2020 followed by a workshop planned for May 2020 to compare results and discuss methodologies

pg 17

Training Activities

CMIP6 Hackathon - October 16-18 2019The CMIP6 Hackathon was a hands-on event including tutorials software development data analysis and opportunities for collaboration centered around effective computational workflows and CMIP-related science

The event was be held concurrently at the NCAR Mesa Lab in Boulder CO and the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades NY with a self-organized node at Unviersity of Washington Seattle Participants were selected on the basis of interests experience and potential to contribute to collaborative initiatives and people from observational or application-related backgrounds

The CMIP6 Hackathon Team Matthew Long (NCAR) Ryan Abernathy (ColumbiaLDEO) John Dunne (NOAAGFDL) Joseph Hamman (NCAR) Flavio Lehner (NCAR) Galen McKinley (ColumbiaLDEO) Angeline Pendergrass (NCAR) Isla Simpson (NCAR) and Kevin Paul (NCAR)

More information httpscmip6hackgithubio

Workshop Summary httpswwwus-ocborgcollaborative-approaches-to-big-data-questions-in-earth-system-science

pg 18

Products amp Reports

Reports

Papers

Bingham F L Juranek M Mazloff G McKinley N Nelson S Wijffels October 2019 Review of US GO-SHIP (Global Ocean Shipboard Hydrographic Investigations Program) An OCB and US CLIVAR Report Report 2019 (OCB) and 2019-6 (US CLIVAR) 112pp doi101575191224897

Dunne John P Romanou Anastasia McKinley Galen A Long Matthew Doney Scott C ldquoSynthesis and Intercomparison of Ocean Carbon Uptake in CMIP6 Models workshop report December 8-9 2018 Washington DCrdquo 2019-04 doi101575191224038 httpshdlhandlenet191224038

Fassbender A J J B Palter M C Long T Ito S P Bishop and M F Cronin 2018 Ocean Carbon Hot Spots A Joint US CLIVAR and OCB Workshop Report 2018-3 34pp doi105065D6Z036ZS

Hood R R Beal L M Benway H M Chandler C L Coles V J Cutter G A Dick H J B Gangopadhyay A Goes J I Humphris S E Landry M R Lloyd K G McPhaden M J Murtugudde R Subrahmanyam B Susanto R D Talley L D Wiggert J D Zhang C (2018) United States contributions to the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (US IIOE-2) 2018-08-02 DOI101575191210510 httpshdlhandlenet191210510 65 pp

Benway H M L Lorenzoni A E White B Fiedler N M Levine D P Nicholson M D DeGrandpre H M Sosik M J Church T D OrsquoBrien M Leinen R A Weller D M Karl S A Henson R M Letelier (2019) Ocean time series observations of changing marine ecosystems An era of integration synthesis and societal applications Frontiers in Marine Science httpsdoiorg103389fmars201900393

Related to 2018 OA PI MeetingCarter BR NL Williams W Evans AJ Fassbender L Barbero C Hauri et al (2019) Time of detection as a metric for prioritizing between climate observation quality frequency and duration Geophysical Research Letters 46 3853ndash3861 httpsdoiorg1010292018GL080773

Turk D H Wang X Hu DK Gledhill ZA Wang L Jiang W-J and Cai (2019) Time of Emergence of Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Trends in the North American Coastal Margins in Support of Ocean Acidification Observing System Design Front Mar Sci 691 httpsdoiorg103389fmars201900091

pg 19

Related to 2016 Joint OCB-GEOTRACES WorkshopHayes C T R F Anderson H Cheng T M Conway R L Edwards M Q Fleisher P Ho K-F Huang S G John W M Landing S H Little Y Lu P L Morton S B Moran L F Robinson R U Shelley A M Shiller and X-Y Zheng (2018) Replacement times of a spectrum of elements in the North Atlantic based on thorium supply Global Biogeochemical Cycles 32(9) 1294-1311 httpsdoiorg1010292017GB005839

Hayes C T E E Black R F Anderson M Baskaran K O Buesseler M A Charette H Cheng J K Cochran R L Edwards P Fitzgerald P J Lam Y Lu S O Morris D C Ohnemus F J Pavia G Stewart and Y Tang (2018) Flux of particulate elements in the North Atlantic Ocean constrained by multiple radionuclides Global Biogeochemical Cycles 32(12) 1738-1758 httpsdoiorg1010292018GB005994

Pavia F J R F Anderson P J Lam B B Cael S M Vivancos M Q Fleisher Y Lu P Zhang H Cheng R L Edwards (2019) Shallow particulate organic carbon regeneration in the South Pacific Ocean Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (20) 9753-9758 httpsdoiorg101073pnas1901863116

pg 20

httpsyoutube0DyMyIVs4Qs

OCB Oceanic Methane and Nitrous Oxide Workshop short film

Media amp Outreach

httpsyoutubeEF_LHx9g3DA

OCB Short Film - highlighting science focus areas and scientists

Short films and recordings of summer workshop and other talks are available on the OCB YouTube Channel

pg 21

OCB hosts a large collection of education and outreach products spanning its science focus areas at httpswwwus-ocborgscience-supportoutreach-educa-tion

OCB developed this website as a clearinghouse for ocean fertilization news and informational resources to 1) increase public knowledge and awareness on this topic and 2) advance scientific research to improve our understanding of the implications of ocean fertilization for marine ecosystems

Learn more about OCB and other organizationsrsquo stances on ocean fertilization experiments

Content overview (also organized on the site for non-scientists)

bull Scientific Literature by topic including synthesis papers experiments regional and related research papers

bull Large-scale ocean fertilization experimentsbull London Convention and other governance and policy

documentsbull Informational web resources for outreach and teachingbull Position statementsbull Gray literature

The ocean fertilization infographic is available full-size and also in Spanish on the website listed above

httpswebwhoieduocb-fert

pg 22