observation data requirements for freight railway transportation

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Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation 3rd National Surface Transportation Weather Symposium Tysons Corner, VA July 26, 2007

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Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation. 3rd National Surface Transportation Weather Symposium Tysons Corner, VA July 26, 2007. Outline. Type of climatic hazards that influence railways Cost and influence of natural hazards - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

Observation Data Requirements

for Freight Railway

Transportation3rd National Surface Transportation Weather SymposiumTysons Corner, VAJuly 26, 2007

Page 2: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

Page 2 of

Outline

Type of climatic hazards that influence railways Cost and influence of natural hazards Example of a technical initiatives to reduce hazard Needs for data and criteria

Page 3: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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1. High temperatures- Sun (rail) buckles or kinks- Forest and grass fires burning ties

2. Low temperatures- Icing of switches- Broken rail- Frost heaves

- Frost jacking of rock slope3. High antecedent precipitation conditions contribute

- Increased frequency of earth slides- Debris flows- Flooding - Scour erosion to bridges and embankments- Culverts failure

4. High wind - toppled empty double stake rail cars

5. Results- 9 Fatalities and ~100 injuries in last 38 years on CP

Ways weather affects railways

Page 4: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Rail buckles (kinks) due to high temperature and radiant heating

Page 5: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

Page 5 of

CPR tracks

MB, Canada - North ND, USA - South

Photo from Manitoba Conservation

2. Severe weather and the impact of

natural hazards on railways

Emerson Sub, Mile 63.8 April 30, 1997

Page 6: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Cranbrook, Fording, and Bryron Creek Subs

June 5, 1995 Sparwood and Fernie, SW BC

Bryon Creek Sub, Mile 11.11 Andygood Creek

Bryon Creek Sub, Mile 7.7 Michel Creek

Fording Sub, Mile 17.50

Page 7: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Kamloops, BCTHOM 086.70 March 12, 2007103 hr service interruption

Page 8: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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1. Cost of various types natural hazards

- Natural hazards cost CP (the smallest NA Class 1) an about $12 million in 2007

- In 2007 (El Nino winter) 58% Planned & 42% Unplanned (emergency response)

- Not including lost revenue

Subsidence10%

Rock fall22%Landslides

31%

Tunnels8%

Avalanche6%

Debris flow 10%

Retain walls6%

Other (Wind)3%

Erosion4%

Page 9: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Revenue Costs from 1996 BC Southline Outages

y = 2078.4e0.1352x

$0

$20,000,000

$40,000,000

$60,000,000

$80,000,000

$100,000,000

$120,000,000

$140,000,000

$160,000,000

$180,000,000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Hours

Cost

Expon. (Cost)

Railway Ground Hazard Research Program:

……Ground Hazard Risk to CNR ……Ground Hazard Risk to CNR

•Revenue costs are Revenue costs are exponential after 48 exponential after 48 hourshours

•GH’s outages are GH’s outages are double any other double any other causes averaging causes averaging 1.1 days1.1 days

Page 10: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Technical initiatives

Weather information system RailWIS

Wind – initiating track side anemometer program to deal with severe wind derailments Development of earth slide and debris flow warning criteria

Page 11: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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SWAL Status Display area[Symbol color indicates station SWAL status (see legend). Click on any symbol to select station and display data in “Station Data

Display Area”.]

Map Panning Controls [Click to pan map in any of the four directions for zoom levels beyond

100%.]

Map Surrounds flashes red when the SWAL level reaches alarm status for any station.

Active Weather Warning List Area & Access Link. [Click on any message to view details on given warning. Viewed warnings change color. Click and hold scroll controls to view long lists of messages. See “Display Options Menu” to also hide viewed warnings within list area. Note: Warnings are only updated when the Main Data Page is “Refreshed” (see

Display Options Menu”.]

Display Options Menu Access Link [Click on text to activate display options menu controlling: map layers, station filtering by SWAL status, station color assignment, display units, page refresh mode and, display of viewed warnings. Please refer to user guide

for details.]

Station Database Selection Area [Click on any one radial button to activate and display data of given database. Color of text and outline indicates highest SWAL status for each database. The outlines will disappear as the flashing alarm display is reset. Note: RED color indicates at or above critical conditions, YELLOW indicates approaching critical conditions

and Black, within operational limits.]

Name of Active Station Database[Caution: The presence of “FILTERED” in the database name indicates that the displayed SWAL status (color of the map symbols) IS POTENTIALLY NOT the highest SWAL status for any given station. Please see the setting of the “Associate station

color with…” option on the “Display Options Menu” ]

Map Zoom Factor Control [Click and select

zoom level.]

Station Data Display Area [ Click and hold scroll controls to view data for the selected station. Each data item is color-coded according its SWAL

status.]

SWAL Flashing Surround Resets[Click on “Current” or “Master” to stop the flashing (Indicates SWAL alarm) of the map surround for the active or, all databases. This action also deletes any colored

database outline.]

Map Coverage & Panning Area [For Zoom factors greater than 100%, a blue overlay shows the coverage and location of the main map. To relocate the main map, click and drag the blue overlay within the overview

window.]

Report Generator Functions [Alternatively click on map station symbols and the “Add Station” text to create a text report that can be “View”ed, “Print”ed

and “Clear”ed ]

Map Symbol Legend Access Link [Click on text to view legend of map symbols and color

coding assignment]

RailWIS – Rail Weather information system

Page 12: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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5. Weather hazard information system

Weather Services (NWS &

EC)

Network management centre &

Track maintenance

Weather information

supplier

Calculate indices

Compare to 10, 50 and

100 year return

period indices

SWAL process

Railway

Does not exceed

Exceeds

GIS display

Real time weath

er station

dataWeathe

r radar data

Data sourceProcessing/

presentation Notification

Page 13: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Wind derailmentsTrain accident reduction strategies

CP has experienced 4 derailments of empty double stack containers in the past 5 years at an average cost of $2 million/derailment.

Current initiative to develop wind monitoring sites and communicate information to train operators

Page 14: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Four derailments Carberry 42.15

Nov 1, 1999 Maple Creek 13.8

Dec 5, 2003 Maple Creek 13.8

Jan 22, 2005 Adirondack Sub

41.9 Feb 17, 2006

Risk derailment is increasing at 7% annually

Nature of the hazard

Page 15: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Carrberry Sub 42.15 (Antelope) derailment, Nov 1, 1999

Reported wind, 27 mph @ 130 degrees

Train, 38 mph @ 250 degrees

Nov 1, 1999 Wind derailment

Page 16: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Carberry Sub, Mile 42.15 - Nov 01, 1999 DerailmentPortage Southport - Wind speed and direction

29 miles east (9 km (9 minutes) upwind) of derailment

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 0:00

Time (hours)

Win

d Sp

eed

(km

ph)

0

60

120

180

240

300

360

Win

d di

rect

ion

(deg

rees

)Wind Speed

Derailment

Wind index

UP Wind warning

BNSF Wind warning

Wind Direction

Carberry Sub, Mile 42.15 Nov 1, 1999

Page 17: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Wind hazard notification systems - potential schemes

Options1. Track side anemometer – NMC (Network Management Centre (= NASA Mission Control)) – Train crew2. Track side anemometer – Train crew3. Train mounted wind load pressure cell – Train crew

Page 18: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Anemometer measures wind speed and directionAnemometer sends message to NMC if thresholds are exceededNMC analyses wind direction and speed and determines location of wind sensitive trains in area NMC directs wind sensitive trains to slow and stop in the nearest leeward siding

Track side anemometers – NMC - train

NMC

Anemometer

Trains

Page 19: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Wind sensitive load cell on the both sides of the locomotive Red light or gauge in cab indicates when differential pressure is approaching blow over threshold Train crew responds by slowing train and stopping in next leeward siding

Train mounted wind-load pressure cell

Page 20: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Financial – Cost estimates

Track side anemometer to NMC to Train $0.5 8 to 12 months

Train mounted pressure cells $1.6M ($4,000/locomotive * 400

locomotives) 12 to 48 months

Page 21: Observation Data Requirements for Freight Railway Transportation

2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Shuswap Sub, Mile 22.5June 13, 1990

22 mile West of Revelstoke, BC

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2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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CPR geotechnical weather studies Shuswap Sub, Mile 22.5 June 13, 1990

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2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Conclusions

Always want more data Need weather service information providers to package information Need criteria specifically tailored to railway infrastructure vulnerability to reduce false alarms

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2007/07/263rd NSTWS - Canadian Pacific

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Thank you?

Chris BunceManager – Geotechnical EngineeringCanadian [email protected]

Have a safe journey home. It is the likely the most dangerous thing you’ll do to day.