Dietary Guidelines for Obesity, Diabetic &

Hypertension

KusumaNeela Bolla M.Sc,M.B.A

Nutrition Specialist

causes

Physical

activity

Eating

habits

Age & Sex

Genetic

factors

Stress

Endocrine

factors

Trauma

Dietary principal: low calorie, normal protein, vitamin, mineral expect sodium, restricted CHO, restricted fat, high fiber, liberal fluids

Energy : 20k.cal / kg bdwt Protein : 0.8 to 1g/kg bdwt Fat : 0.5g / kg bdwt Mineral: sodium is reduced Vitamins: A & D High fiber : 50g / day

Never skip breakfast Get plenty of sleep Eat regularly Don’t try to loss weight too quickly Make fruits and vegetables your best friends Keep moving Don’t deny yourself the food you enjoy Watch what you drink as well as eat Avoid extremes of any kind Streamline cooking

Based on range on obesity 300- 500k.cal / day reduce 0.5kg/ week

Diabetes Diabetes is known as a disorder of carbohydrates metabolized characterized by high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) and high levels of glucose in urine (glycosuria)

Types of Diabetes Type 1 DM or Insulin Dependent DM or Juvenile Onset

DM Type 2 DM or Noninsulin Dependent DM or Adult Onset

DM Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Malnutrition Related Diabetes Mellitus

Causes Genetics infection: caxsaxkie B4 virus Exocrine pancreatic defects Thyroid hormone Sedentary life style Drugs : glucocorticoids other

Symptoms Polydipsia Polyphogia Polyuria Dehydration Fatigue & weight loss Glycosuria Hyperglycaemia Acidosis Fluid electrolyticimbalance

Diagnosis

NORMAL VALUE: (Plasma) Fasting blood sugar - 70-110mg/dl Random blood sugar - 120-140mg/dl Post paridal - 140-200mg/dl Glycosylated hemoglobin : Normal ≥ 6.5%

Blood testUrine test

Diabetic complications

MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES: The main modes of treatment of diabetes: 1. Diet and diet counseling. 2. Drugs 3. Exercise 4. Education (dietary guidelines). THE USUAL DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS

IN THE DIET: Carbohydrates - 55-60% Proteins - 20% or 1g/kg bd wt Fats - 20-25%

Diabetic Food Pyramid

Ground nut oil 1tspSunflower oil 1 tspGhee 1tsp

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Sodium and The Dietary

Guidelines

=2300 mg sodium

=40% sodium

Healthy

Adults

< 2300 mg

High Blood Pressure< 1500 mg

Sodium

Kempner’s dietDASH Diet

Kempner’s diet means rice-fruit-sugar diet

High sodium foods1. Salt2. Baking powder3. Bicarbonate of soda4. Canned foods5. Salted nuts6. Salted meat7. Pappads8. Sodium benzoate9. Others

DASH PYRAMID

Be Physically Active

Intentional exercise Walking Running Cycling Swimming

Active lifestyle Take the stairs Walk to work Sit less, move more

THANK YOU