oats in argentinaoats2016.org/files/present/2/1/3.pdf · elisabeth inta 52,25 34,8 70,4 bonaerense...

OATS IN ARGENTINA

Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow Convenio Ministerio Agroindustria Bs. As.-INTA

Wehrhahne, Nilda Liliana [email protected]

LOCATION

Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow

Tres Arroyos

CHACRA EXPERIMENTAL INTEGRADA BARROW

(Convenio Ministerio Agroindustria Bs. As. - INTA)

Porto Alegre

Temuco

Buenos Aires

INTRODUCTION

Oats (Avena spp.) is a crop with multiple uses



INTRODUCTION

Predominantly employed for feed or hay.



INTRODUCTION

Whole plant silage



Oat is cultivated in different regions.

250,000 ha are harvested.

The grain production is around 530,000 tons.



ARGENTINA CLIMATE

CHARACTERISTICS

North of the country: Climate is warm and humid with temperatures ranging from 27°C in

January to 12°C in July, rainfall goes from 2000 mm per year in the east

to 600 mm per year in the west


(Convenio MAA-INTA)

The Pampa region: Mild climate with an average temperature of 15°C and precipitation

ranging from 1000 mm per year in the east to 500 mm per year in the

west



Córdoba Patagonia



Irrigation Buenos Aires

In Tres Arroyos city there are small industries that use oat



Industrial Park

The industry produces oat flakes and other food productions for the local market and also for export.



BARROW CHARACTERISTICS

Soil type: Petrocalcic Paleudoll, clay loam

Historical average rainfall: 756 mm

Precipitation: 2014 1258 mm; 2015 699 mm


(Convenio MAA-INTA)

Temperatures: In 2015 the average temperature of June to September were higher

than the media

October and November were lower than the historical average

BARROW CHARACTERISTICS



2014 and 2015

CROP MANAGEMENT

Sowing date

Population density

Fertilization

Weed control

Disease control

Aphid control



Avena fatua seeds

Avena fatua and Lolium sp.



OLD PROBLEMS

NEW PROBLEMS



SOWING DATE



Date of

Month

Jan Febr March April May June July Aug Set Oct Nov Dec

Planting

Grazing

Harvest

DISEASES

Puccinia coronata Puccinia graminis



DISEASES

Pyrenophora chaetomioides Pseudomonas coronafaciens



IMPROVEMENT

Breeding oat in Argentina is done by INTA in the centres of Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow and Bordenave Station

Objectives:

High forage and grain yield

Improve the behaviour to crown and stem rust, aphid, lodging, frost damage

Grain quality



AGRONOMIC TRAITS

Aphid damage

Frost damage



BREEDING PROGRAMME

Crosses

Oat Quaker Nursery – Oat Global

Brazil materials

Sanitary nurseries in Paraná (Entre Ríos) and Reconquista (Santa Fe)

Test of materials in different environments (Barrow, Bordenave, Marcos Juárez, Manfredi, Mercedes, Paraná)



NEW VARIETY

Bonaerense INTA Sureña



Bonaerense INTA Aikén

Bonaerense INTA Yapa

Forage, Silage and grain

Quality Grain

EXPERIMENTAL FIELD

Seed increasing

Trials



Direct sowing



RESULTS 2015



TRIALS INFORMATION

Date of sowing/emergence: July 2 – July 20

Harvest date: December 14

Population density: 250 plants/m²

Plot size: 7 m²

Rainfall: 699 mm

Frost: 45 days




(Convenio MAA-INTA)


(Convenio MAIBA-INTA)

Cultivar Test Weight

(kg/hl)

TKW

(g)

Groat

(%)

Bonaerense INTA Sureña 56,45 31,3 70,0

Bonaerense INTA Yapa 56,05 30,9 71,4

Lucía INTA 54,55 32,9 72,6

Carlota INTA 54,15 33,2 69,8

Violeta INTA 53,95 32,1 70,6

Cristal INTA 53,75 33,6 73,0

Julieta INTA 52,50 33,3 68,8

Bonaerense INTA Calén 52,50 30,8 68,8

Elisabeth INTA 52,25 34,8 70,4

Bonaerense INTA Aiken 52,05 34,9 71,8

Marita INTA 51,85 32,0 75,6

Bonaerense INTA Maná 50,60 30,7 66,0

QUALITY PARAMETERS

QUALITY

Protein

Oil

Beta glucans

Preliminary test Celiac



DISEASES - RUST

Crown rust and Stem rust




(Convenio MAA-INTA)


(Convenio MAIBA-INTA)

Cultivar Crown rust Stem rust

2014 2015 2014 2015

Bonaerense INTA Sureña 2 3 1 6

Bonaerense INTA Yapa 1 2 1 3

Carlota INTA 6 6 3 6

Violeta INTA 7 5 3 3

Cristal INTA 5 5 2 3

Julieta INTA 5 5 3 3

Bonaerense INTA Calén 6 3 1 8

Elisabeth INTA 1 3 6 1

Bonaerense INTA Aiken 2 5 3 5

Marita INTA 6 5 4 1

Bonaerense INTA Maná 3 2 1 3

Bv 24-05 9 - 3 -

Bw 130 0 3 3 5

RUST

Scale: 0-9

CONCLUSION

Barrow region is a supplier of seed and quality grain

Some cultivars are used for different purposes

There are new cultivars

The industry makes grain production contracts

Diseases are the main problem

Preliminary interesting test results with oat for celiac people



OAT WORKERS



Ing. Agr. Héctor Carbajo

Ing. Agr. Enrique Antonelli

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!

oats in argentinaoats2016.org/files/present/2/1/3.pdf · elisabeth inta 52,25 34,8 70,4 bonaerense...

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