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What Is Nutrition-Nutrient: A chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body.-Nutrition: The study of how your body uses the food that you eat.-Malnutrition: is the lack of the right proportions of nutrients over an extended period


What is a Nutrient(A nutrient is a chemical substance in

food that helps maintain the body.) Some provide energy. All help build cells and tissues, regulate bodily processes such as breathing. No single food supplies all the nutrients the body needs to function.

Deficiency Disease: failure to meet your nutrient needs.


Vitamins Minerals Water Protein Carbohydrates Fats

Sugars

Cellulosewww.makemegenius.com

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CarbohydratesThe body’s chief source of energySugar

Simple CarbohydratesGlucose: BloodFructose: FruitGalactose: MilkSucroce: Table sugar

StarchesComplex Carbohydrates

Fiber


FatsImportant energy source

Lipid family which includes fats and oilsHydrogenation: adds hydrogen atoms to

unsaturated fatty acids (liquid) turning them into more saturated solid fatsCrisco and margarine sticks

Cholesterol: fatlike substance found in every cell in the bodyImportant… found in skin tissue, produces

hormonesTwo types: Dietary and Blood


ProteinsProvide energy, encourage growth and tissue

repairMade up of small units called amino acids

20 important to the human body: 9 your body can’t make and 11 it can

Complete protein: animal foods and soyIncomplete proteins: plant foods

Must pair 2 foods together: beans and rice


VitaminsAre complex organic substances

Normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction

Your body cannot produce all vitamins you can get those by eating a nutritious diet.

Fat-soluble vitamins: carried in fatty parts of foods and dissolve in fats (body stores them in fat... build up can be dangerous)

Water-soluble vitamins: dissolve in water (body does not store them)


Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin AVitamin DVitamin EVitamin K


Water-Soluble VitaminsVitamin B-Complex

Thiamin (vitamin B1)Riboflavin (vitamin B2)Niacin (nicotinamide,

nicotinic acid) Vitamin B6

(pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine)

Folacin (folic acid) Vitamin B12

Vitamin C


MineralsIn addition to vitamins your body also

needs 15 minerals that help regulate cell function and provide structure for cells. Major minerals, in terms of amount present, include calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. In addition, your body needs smaller amounts of chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, zinc, chloride, potassium and sodium.

Amounts needed for most of these minerals is quite small and excessive amounts can be toxic to your body.


WaterWater is your body's most important nutrient,

is involved in every bodily function, and makes up 70- 75% of your total body weight. Water helps you to maintain body temperature, metabolize body fat, aids in digestion, lubricates and cushions organs, transports nutrients, and flushes toxins from your body.

Everyone should drink at least 64 ounces per day, and if you exercise or are overweight, even more. Your blood is approximately 90% water and is responsible for transporting nutrients and energy to muscles and for taking waste from tissues.


Nutrients that have Calories: Proteins

Carbohydrates

Fats


Definition of a Calorie:o A unit of measure for energy in food


Calories per gram:

Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories

Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories

Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories


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