NPD’s play models and undiscovered resources in the Barents Sea

Table of contents Major structural elements

Exploration history and the current situation in the Barents Sea

Exploration results since 2006

NPD’s database

Play models of the Barents sea

Prognoses and resource estimates

Summary

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Barents SeaNorwegian Continental Shelf

The Barents Sea area The Barents Sea north of

74°30’ is characterized as little known area

The Barents Sea south of 74°30’, apart from the Hammerfest Basin, is characterized as moderately known area

The Hammerfest Basin is characterized as a well known area

Little known area

Moderately known area

Well known area

Unknown area

Area of overlapping claims (disputed area)

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History and current situation Opened for exploration drilling in 1980 (5th concession

round)

First well drilled in 1980 (7119/12-1)

First discovery Askeladd (7120/8-1) in 1981

First commercial oil discovery was Goliat (7122/7-1) in 2000

81 exploration wells have so far been drilled in the Norwegian Barents Sea. About half in the Hammerfest Basin

One field in production (Snøhvit) and one is under development (Goliat)

Currently 42 active production licenses.

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18 exploration wells drilled 7 new discoveries 5 successful appraisal wells 6 dry wells Almost 70 % discovery rate

Proven resources since 2006 Oil approx. 20 M Sm3 Gas approx 100 G Sm3

Two play models are confirmed

APA 2007, APA 2008 & 20th concession round resulted in 18 new production licenses.

What has happened since the awards of the 19th concession round?

7120/6-2S (Snøhvit)7122/6-2 (Tornerose)7122/7-5A (West Goliat)7125/4-2 (Nucula)7223/5-1 (Obesum)

7120/8-4 (wild cat, Askeladd Beta)7122/7-5 (wild cat, West Goliat structure)7123/4-1S (appraisal, Snøhvit)7123/4-1A (appraisal, Snøhvit)7227/11-1S (wild cat, Uranus)7227/11-1A (wild cat, Uranus)

Database

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Medium to good seismic coverage south of Bjørnøya

Good well density in the Hammerfest basin

Relatively low density in the surrounding areas

NPD’s prospect database consists of over 1000 prospects, a fourth of these in the Barents sea.

Play models

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Level Reservoir rock Confirmed play models

Unconfirmed play models Total

Paleogene to neogen Siliclastic 2 2

Upper Jurassic to lower Cretaceous

Siliclastic 1 1

Jurassic Siliclastic 3 3

Triassic Siliclastic 4 4

Upper Carboniferous to permian

Carbonates and some siliclastic 1 8 9

Devonian to lower carboniferous

Siliclastic and some carbonate 4 4

Total 8 15 23

23 play models in total, 8 confirmed, 15 unconfirmed

NPD’s play model definitions

A play is defined as a stratigraphically delimited area where a specific set of geological factors must be present so that petroleum may be provable in commercial quantities.

Undiscovered resources in a play include both mapped (prospects) and unmapped (leads and potential prospects) resources.

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ElementsSource RockMigration RouteReservoir RockTrapSeal Rock

ProcessGenerationMigrationAccumulationPreservation

NPD’s play model definitions

Reservoir

Mature source rock

Valid trap and seal Play

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Carboniferous & Permian

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Play Age Area

BCL-3 Visean - Serpukhovian

Finnmark Platform

BCL-4Tournaisian-

Serpukhovian Loppa High

Play Age Area

BPM, PU-4Sakmarian- Artinskian/Kazanian

Finnmark Platform

BPM, PU-5 Ufimian/(Kungurian)-

Kazanian

Loppa High

BPU-4 Finnmark Platform

Play Age Area

BCU, PP-4 Serpukovian/Bashkirian -

Tatarian

C. and w. part of the

Finnmark Platform

BCU, PP-5 Loppa High

BCU, PL-3 Moscovian - Early

Sakmarian

Finnmark Platform

BCU, PL-4 Loppa High

Attractive elementsCarboniferous/Permian

Source rocks mainly coal, of Early Carboniferous age have been proven

Reservoir is proven in the western part of the Loppa High in well 7120/2-1

Many plays not confirmed Well 7120/2-1 penetrated karstified

limestone sequence with good oil shows

BPU-4: Model confirmed by discovery 7128/4-1

Depositional environment Carboniferous

Fluvial and alluvial

Carboniferous/Permian Syn- and post tectonic infill in active

rift basins in a shallow marine setting, on tidal flats and in shallow evaporite basins

Permian Marine, temperate to cold water

Reservoir rockCarboniferous

Sandstone & conglomerate

Permian Karstified limestone, limestone,

dolomite, spiculites /chert and silicified limestone

TrapCarboniferous

Both structural and stratigraphic

Permian Mainly stratigraphic

Source rockCarboniferous

Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous (Hoelbreen Member Equivalent) and U. Carboniferous/Lower Permian shales

Permian Early Carboniferous and Late

Carboniferous/Early Permian shales

Critical factors:Carboniferous

Non-preservation and leakage of hydrocarbons owing to tilting, reactivation of faults and Tertiary/Quaternary uplift and erosion

Presence of mature source rock

Permian Non-preservation and leakage of

hydrocarbons owing to tilting, reactivation of faults and Tertiary/Quaternary uplift and erosion

Presence and quality of reservoir

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Carboniferous, Permian

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Barents Sea Margin Loppa

HighNordkapp

Basin

H BFinnmark

Plattform

Gardar-banken High

Bjarmeland Plattform

Edgeøya Plattform

Sentralbanken High

Olga Basin

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Triassic

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Play Age Area

BRL, RM-4

Scythian -Anisian

Bjarmeland- and Finnmark Platform,

eastern Hammerfest Basin, Nordkapp Basin

BRL, RM-5Eastern part of the Loppa

High, Bjarmeland Platform, Mercurius

High, Maud Basin

BRU-1

Ladinian - Norian

Bjarmeland Platform, northeastern part of the

Finnmark Platform, eastern part of the Hammerfest Basin,

Nordkapp Basin

BRU-2

Bjørnøya Basin, Fingerdjupet Sub-basin,

Bjarmeland Platform, Maud Basin, Mercurius

High, Loppa High, Veslemøy High,

Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex

Critical factors The areas has been affected by Late

Tertiary/Quaternary uplift and inversion, this could have trigged possible leakage of prospective hydrocarbon accumulations

Lateral extent and quality of reservoir rock

Group/Formation BRL, RM-4 and 5: Sassendalen Group with the

Havert-, Klappmyss- and Kobbe Formation BRU-1 and 2: Kapp Toscana Group with the

Snadd Formation

Reservoir rock Sandstone

Attractive features BRL, RM-4, BRU-1: Confirmed by several gas and

gas/oil discoveries The discovery 7226/11-1 confirmed source rock

of Upper Permian age The discovery 7228/7-1 A indicates source rock of

Carnian age in the eastern Hammerfest Basin and in the Nordkapp Basin

Stratigraphic and structural traps are identified BRL, RM-5: Source rock confirmed by

exploration- and shallow wells penetrating the Klappmyss- and Kobbe Formation

BRU-1 and -2: Moderate to good reservoir quality Along the Western Fault Margin and the Loppa

High source rocks of Jurassic and Cretaceous age may be present

Depositional environment Fluvial, deltaic, coastal plain and shallow

marine

Source rock Upper Devonian- Lower Carboniferous

shales, Lower Carboniferous coals,

Upper Permian shales and Upper Triassic delta plain facies

Trap Stratigraphic, rotated fault blocks and

halokinetic

Distribution of Barents Sea play modelsTriassic

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Barents Sea Margin Loppa

High Nordkapp

Basin

H BFinnmark Plattform

Gardar-banken High

Bjarmeland Plattform

Edgeøya Plattform

Olga Basin

Sentralbanken High

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Lower – middle Jurassic

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Play Age Area

BJL, JM-5 Rhaetian - Bajocian

Hammerfest Basin

BJL, JM-6

Hettangian - Bajocian

Bjørnøya Basin, Bjørnøyrenna Fault

Complex, Ringvassøy-Loppa Fault Complex,

Veslemøy High, Polhem Sub-Platform

BJL, JM-7

Eastern part of the Finnmark Platform,

Nordkapp Basin, Southern part of the Bjarmeland Platform,

Maud Basin, Fingerdjupet Sub

Basin

Distribution of Barents Sea play modelsJurassic

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Barents Sea Margin Loppa

High

H BFinnmark Plattform

Gardar-banken High

Bjarmeland Plattform

Edgeøya Plattform

Olga Basin

Sentralbanken High

Nordkapp

Basin

Depositional environment Fluvial, deltaic and shallow marine

Group/Formation Kapp Toscana Group with the Tubåen-,

Nordmela- and Stø Formations

Reservoir rock Sandstone

Source rock BJL, JM-5 and 6: Upper Jurassic shale

(Hekkingen Formation). Older source rocks may be present for BJL, JM-6

BJL JM-7: Mainly Early to Mid Triassic shale (Steinkobbe Formation)

Shales of Ladinian and Carnian age (in the Nordkapp basin: only Carnian)

Trap Rotated fault blocks and horsts BJL, JM-7 in the Nordkapp Basin:

Stratigraphic traps related to salt diapers. Rotated fault blocks may also occur

Critical factors Non-preservation and leakage of

hydrocarbons owing to tilting, reactivation of faults and Tertiary/Quaternary uplift and erosion, especially for shallow and/or truncated structures.

The thickness of the Nordmela- and Stø Formation decreases towards northeast

Cap rock with sufficient sealing capacity BJL, JM-7: Source rocks in the Steinkobbe

Formation deposited only in the Fingerdjupet Sub Basin, Maud Basin and the western part of the Bjarmeland Platform

Attractive features Tubåen- and Stø Formation have good

reservoir quality, except in the deepest basins Tubåen Formation dominates towards the northeast

BJL, JM-5: Confirmed by the discoveries 7121/4-1 Snøhvit, 7120/8-1 Askeladd and 7120/9-1 Albatross, all included in the Snøhvit field, and the oil discovery 7122/7-1 Goliat

Efficient and mature source rocks proven in the Hammerfest Basin

Cap rocks with sealing capacity confirmed in the Nordkapp Basin

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous

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Play Age Area

BJU, KL-3 Kimmeridgian-Albian

Hammerfest Basin, terraces along Western Fault Margin

Trap Stratigraphic and occasionally structural

Critical factors Long-distance migration The areas have been affected by Late

Tertiary/Quaternary uplift which probably have affected the storage of originally accumulated petroleum in the Hammerfest Basin and the terraces of the Western Fault Margin

Depositional environment Shallow and deep marine

Group/Formation Adventdalen Group with the Hekkingen-,

Knurr- Kolje- and Kolmule Formations.

Reservoir rock Sandstone

Attractive features Knurr and Kolje Formation: Good reservoir

quality in most of the exploration area In the northern part of the Hammerfest Basin

significant volumes of sands are proven in deep marine fans

The wells 7120/1-2 and 7120/2-2 have been production tested and the tests indicate mobile hydrocarbons

Source rock Late Jurassic shale of the Hekkingen Formation

Distribution of Barents Sea play modelsUpper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous

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Barents Sea Margin Loppa

High Nordkapp

Basin

H BFinnmark Plattform

Gardar-banken High

Olga Basin

Bjarmeland Plattform

Edgeøya Plattform

Sentralbanken High

Distribution of Barents Sea play models Paleogene

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Play Age Area

BTT-5 Late Paleocene-Oligocene

Hornsund Fault Complex, Vestbakken Vulcanic Province, Sørvestnaget Basin, Tromsø Basin, Harstad Basin, western part of the Bjørnøya Basin

Group/Formation Sotbakken Group with the Torsk Formation

Reservoir rock Sandstone

Trap Rotated fault blocks, domes- and horsts,

stratigraphic and halokinetic

Attractive features Reservoir is proven in wells 7316/5-1 and

7216/11-1S Source rock of Early Aptian age may be

present along the Western Fault Margin Indication of Hauterivian source rock in well

7219/8-1

Critical factors Presence of reservoir The area has been affected by late

Tertiary/Quaternary tilting.

Distribution of Barents Sea play modelsPaleogene

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Depositional environment Shallow and deep marine

Source rock Mainly Creataceous

Estimating undiscovered resources

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Play analysis, input

grouping of prospects play maps database uncertainty

Play analysis, output

recoverable resources expected field sizes

In place volumes – 2006 and 2009Reduced uncertainties and increased expectations

In place vs. recoverable resources

Changed recovery factor for liquids og gas

Væske Gass

Conclusions

23 play models are defined in the Norwegian Barents Sea

Reservoir rocks from the early Carboniferous to the Oligocene are represented

Only eight are confirmed while 14 remains unconfirmed

The expected in place volumes are estimated to 2200 M Sm3 o.e.

The expected recovery volumes are estimated to 900 M Sm3 o.e.

Large volumes to be discovered

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Play models, you say?

Lets play!