NOW YOU’RE SPEAKING MY LANGUAGE!An Introduction to Binary Machine Code

Camille SmithB.S. Computer ScienceB.A. Spanish Language

Language is key to communication

• There are ~195 recognized countries in the world

• Up to 7,000 different languages are spoken around the world!

What language do computers use?

BINARY

• Programming languages number in the thousands!

• BUT, ultimately all computer data is stored and read in binary – a series of ones and zeros

The 3 ‘B’s of Binary

Binary – Binary is a number system. Computers use to it process information and communicate with other devices (this is also known as base 2)

Bit – (binary digit) either a 1 or 0 (think of bits as the alphabet of the binary system, an ‘on’ and ‘off switch for computers)

Byte – a bunch of 1s and 0s grouped together (usually 8 digits long) to represent a piece of digital information (think of bytes as words that can be linked to form computer readable sentences!)

01110010 01101111 11001010 11110001 00010010

If all we had was binary…

What is that computer saying???

11010110 01001101 01101000 11010110 01001101 01101000 11010110 01001101 01101000 11010110 01001101 01101000

I can understand a single digit! HELP!!

Programming today is easier!!!

High-level programming languages are more natural and human-readable and help make it easier for us to understand and write computer code!

• Remember, programming languages number in the thousands!

• BUT, ultimately all computer data is stored and read in binary – a series of ones and zeros

A fun activity with Binary

Let’s Try It!

Binary Basics…

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   0   0   0   0                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

• Add up the number of “on” bits to compute the number

• A bit is “on” if the value is 1• In this example, the answer is 0 because none of

the bits are “on”

Can you guess this number?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   0   0   1   0                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Answer: 2

Can you guess this number?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   1   1   0   0                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Answer: 12

Can you guess this number?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

1   0   0   0   1                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Answer: 17

Can you convert to binary?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   0   0   0   1                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Number: 1

Can you convert to binary?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   1   0   1   0                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Number: 10

Can you convert to binary?

 

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   0   1   1   1                 

16 x   8

x   4 x   2 x   1

x

Number: 7

Can you convert to binary?

 • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •

   

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

1   0   0   0   0   0                     

32 x   16 x   8 x   4

x   2 x   1

x

What’s Your Favorite Number? 35

• Add another bit to the left most position to compute higher numbers

• Each bit value to the left is double the amount (of its neighbor to the right)

Can you convert to binary?

 • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •

   

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

0   0   0   0   0   0                     

32 x   16 x   8 x   4

x   2 x   1

x

• Add another bit to the left most position to computer higher numbers

• Each bit value to the left is double the amount (of its neighbor to the right)

What’s Your Favorite Number? 35

Can you convert to binary?

 • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •

   

••••••••••••••••

    ••••••••     ••••     ••     •

1   0   0   0   1   1                     

32 x   16 x   8 x   4

x   2 x   1

x

• Add another bit to the left most position to computer higher numbers

• Each bit value to the left is double the amount (of its neighbor to the right)

What’s Your Favorite Number? 35

How does any of this relate to me?Why is it important?

Now a question for you…

We use “computers” everyday…

We use computer programming to help us solve everyday problems!!!

Things that rely on programming… Websites (shopping, travel, social

media…) Bank account systems Hospital computers and devices Motor vehicle licensing systems Grocery store self-service machines Airplane, space shuttles, robots Blu-Ray and DVD players and so much more!...

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (6)

You can work in hundreds fields -

Famous Chef(Food

Engineer)

Pilot or Astronaut(Aeronautical Scientist /

Aerospace Engineer)

Zoo KeeperZoologist / Animal Biologist

http://ionfuture.org/

Archeologist

Ecologist

…and the list goes on

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (5)

Computer jobs will always be in demandFor years, U.S. businesses have complained that they cannot find enough highly skilled workers in the technical fields.

When companies do find them, they are often foreign workers...

STEM jobs nationwide are expected to grow from 6.8 million to 8 million by 2018

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (4)

You make good pay, $$

STEM fields careers are some of the best-paying and have the greatest potential for job growth

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (3)

Working with computers can take you anywhere!!!

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (2)

You can build your own video games, and iPhone and Android apps!

Camille’s Top Reasons for STEM (1)

It’s just plain COOL - always fun and innovative (ever evolving, changing and getting more creative)

THE END