northern and italian renaissance

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Northern and Italian Renaissance The Southern Renaissance in Italy occurred earlier, from about 1300 to 1600, while theNor thern Renaissance occurred later, ending in about 1630. The Southern Renaissance emphasized pagan and Greco-Roman ideals, and as a result was considerably more secular, while the Northern Renaissance advocated "Christian" humanism, or humility, tolerance, focus on the individual, and the importance of earnest life on earth. While the Southern Renaissance emphasized art and culture, the Northern Renaissance emphasized the sciences and new technology. This failed to occur in the south primarily because the Roman Catholic C hurch stunted learning and the sciences. While the Northern Renaissance was religiously diverse, with the rise of Protestantism and a great deal of religious division, the Southern Renaissance was entirely Roman Catholic. The Southern Renaissance saw far fewer universities, while the Northern Renaissance saw more universities and education. Also, Northern Renaissance humanists pushed for social reform based on Christian ideals. Mannerism A style of art in the mid- to late- sixteenth century that permitted artists to express their own “manner” or feelings in contrast to the symmetry and simplicity of the art of the High Renaissance Printing Press Through the use of the printing press, literature became more commonplace than a rare commodity. More copies being circulated of books meant more readers and more exposure of writing style and technique. Writers become better at the ir craft through reading others and the accessibility made this possible. This made literature not only more co mmon, but better. Written material became available to the common people. Books could be mass produced. Ne wspapers could be produced in large numbers. Ideas/scientifi c knowledge could be easily communicated. Copyright laws were passed. Helped standardize grammar/spel ling Invented by Johannes Gutenberg of Germany during the Northern Renaissance Golden Bull An Emperor is selected by 7 electoral princes out of 300 autonomous territori es. This kept it from becoming decentralized. Leonardo da’ Vinci  Mona Lisa, The Perfect Man, The Last Supper Michelangelo Eighteen-foot sculptu re of David, Pieta, ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel & Mannerism Raphael The School of Athens Prototype of the Modern World Look at page 1 of outline Jacob Burckhardt Inquisition A tribunal created by the Catholic Church i n the mid-twelfth century to detect and punish heresy Scholasticism Method of study based on logic and dialectic that dominated the medieval schools. It assumed that truth already existed; stud ents had only to organize, elucidate, and defend knowledge learned from authoritative texts, especially those of Aristotle and the Church Fathers Giovanni Boccaccio Wrote  Decameron, which followed seven women a nd three men in a retreat away from the plague, provided an eyewitness account to the immoral behaviors brought by the Plauge Desiderius Erasmus Most famous northern humanist (catholic), Educational and religious reformer, teacher, and writer, distrusted scholasticism , wanted to unite humanism with civic virtues and faith Sir Thomas More Influential English humanist, led the way for English Reformation as one of Henry’s advisors, Wrote the Utopia which depicted an imaginary society based on reason and tolerance that overcame political and social injustice, all goods and property were held in common and everyone earned their way from their o wn work, criticism of contemporary society Dante Alighieri The greatest Italian poet, one of the most important writers of European literature, best known for the epic poem Commedia, from 1265 to 1321, Florence Italian, has profoundly affected not only the religious imagination but all subsequent allegorical creation of imaginary worlds in literature Niccolo Machiavelli an Italian historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance. He is one of the main founders of modern political science . [1]  He was a diplomat, political philosopher, playwright, and a civil servant of the Florentine Republic. He also wrote comedies, carnival songs, poetry, and some of the most well-known personal correspondence in the Italian language. His position in the regime of Florence as Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence lasted from 1498 to 1512, a period in which the Medici were not in power. Machiavelli's most well-known writing was, however, after this period, during the time when the Medici recovered power, and Machiavelli was removed from all positions of responsibility. Florence and Savonarola was an Italian Dominican friar, Scholastic, and an influential contributor to the politics of Florence from 1494 until his execution in 1498. He was known for his book burning, destruction of what he considered immoral art, and what he thought the Renaissance   which began in his Florence   ought to become. He preached vehemently against the moral corruption of much of the clergy at the time. His main opponent was Rodrigo Borgia, who was Pope Alexander VI from 1492, through Savonarola's death in 1498. Bonfire of the Vanities ordered by Savonarola, gathered and burned items that tempt people into committing sins.

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Page 1: Northern and Italian Renaissance

8/3/2019 Northern and Italian Renaissance

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Northern and Italian Renaissance

The Southern Renaissance in Italy occurred earlier, from about 1300 to 1600, while theNorthern Renaissance occurred later, ending in

about 1630. The Southern Renaissance emphasized pagan and Greco-Roman ideals, and as a result was considerably more secular,

while the Northern Renaissance advocated "Christian" humanism, or humility, tolerance, focus on the individual, and the importance

of earnest life on earth. While the Southern Renaissance emphasized art and culture, the Northern Renaissance emphasized the

sciences and new technology. This failed to occur in the south primarily because the Roman Catholic Church stunted learning and the

sciences. While the Northern Renaissance was religiously diverse, with the rise of Protestantism and a great deal of religious division,

the Southern Renaissance was entirely Roman Catholic. The Southern Renaissance saw far fewer universities, while the Northern

Renaissance saw more universities and education. Also, Northern Renaissance humanists pushed for social reform based on Christian

ideals.

Mannerism 

A style of art in the mid- to late-sixteenth century that permitted artists to express their own “manner” or feelings in contrast to thesymmetry and simplicity of the art of the High Renaissance

Printing Press

Through the use of the printing press, literature became more commonplace than a rare commodity. More copies being circulated of 

books meant more readers and more exposure of writing style and technique. Writers become better at their craft through reading

others and the accessibility made this possible. This made literature not only more common, but better. Written material became

available to the common people. Books could be mass produced. Newspapers could be produced in large numbers. Ideas/scientific

knowledge could be easily communicated. Copyright laws were passed. Helped standardize grammar/spelling Invented by Johannes

Gutenberg of Germany during the Northern Renaissance

Golden Bull An Emperor is selected by 7 electoral princes out of 300 autonomous territories. This kept it from becoming decentralized.

Leonardo da’ Vinci Mona Lisa, The Perfect Man, The Last Supper

MichelangeloEighteen-foot sculpture of David, Pieta, ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel &

Mannerism

Raphael

The School of Athens

Prototype of the Modern World

Look at page 1 of outline Jacob Burckhardt

Inquisition A tribunal created by the Catholic Church in the mid-twelfth century to detect and punish heresy

Scholasticism Method of study based on logic and dialectic that dominated the medieval schools. It assumed that truth already existed; students had

only to organize, elucidate, and defend knowledge learned from authoritative texts, especially those of Aristotle and the Church

Fathers

Giovanni BoccaccioWrote  Decameron, which followed seven women and three men in a retreat away from the plague, provided an eyewitness account to

the immoral behaviors brought by the Plauge

Desiderius Erasmus Most famous northern humanist (catholic), Educational and religious reformer, teacher, and writer, distrusted scholasticism, wanted to

unite humanism with civic virtues and faith

Sir Thomas More Influential English humanist, led the way for English Reformation as one of Henry’s advisors, Wrote the Utopia which depicted an

imaginary society based on reason and tolerance that overcame political and social injustice, all goods and property were held in

common and everyone earned their way from their own work, criticism of contemporary society

Dante Alighieri

The greatest Italian poet, one of the most important writers of European literature, best known for the epic poem Commedia, from

1265 to 1321, Florence Italian, has profoundly affected not only the religious imagination but all subsequent allegorical creation of 

imaginary worlds in literature

Niccolo Machiavelli

an Italian historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance. He is one of the main founders of 

modern political science.[1]

 He was a diplomat, political philosopher, playwright, and a civil servant of the Florentine Republic. He

also wrote comedies, carnival songs, poetry, and some of the most well-known personal correspondence in the Italian language. His

position in the regime of Florence as Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence lasted from 1498 to 1512, a period

in which the Medici were not in power. Machiavelli's most well-known writing was, however, after this period, during the time when

the Medici recovered power, and Machiavelli was removed from all positions of responsibility.

Florence and Savonarola

was an Italian Dominican friar, Scholastic, and an influential contributor to the politics of Florence from 1494 until his execution in

1498. He was known for his book burning, destruction of what he considered immoral art, and what he thought the Renaissance — 

which began in his Florence — ought to become. He preached vehemently against the moral corruption of much of the clergy at the

time. His main opponent was Rodrigo Borgia, who was Pope Alexander VI from 1492, through Savonarola's death in 1498. Bonfire of

the Vanities ordered by Savonarola, gathered and burned items that tempt people into committing sins.