Non-Communicable Diseases8.1h – Risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.

Bell Ringer: Pick up off the chair

Complete both sides!Journal: How can lifestyle choices affect a person’s health?

Inventory: Prevention and your Health

What is a Non-Comm. Disease?

• Definition: Diseases that cannot be spread from person to person.

• EX: You cannot catch diabetes from someone who has this disease.

Congenital Disorders?

• All disorders that are present when the baby is born.

• EX: Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle-cell anemia

Heredity?

• Is the passing of traits from parents to their children.

• EX: A pregnant woman who drinks alcohol may give birth to a child with fetal alcohol syndrome.

Lifestyle Choices and Diseases• Heredity, age, gender, and ethnic group are factors which

people have no control.

• To decrease your risk of disease:Eat healthful foodsStay Physically ActiveMaintain healthy weightGet enough sleepManage stressAvoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs

Cancer?

• Definition: Is a disease characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.

• It can affect people of all ages.

• 2nd leading cause of death in the U.S.

Tumor?

• A mass of abnormal cells.

• Tumors can be:– Benign: Not Cancerous– Malignant: Cancerous

Types of Cancer:

• Skin Cancer

• Breast Cancer

• Reproductive Organ Cancer

• Lung Cancer

• Colon and Rectal Cancer

• Leukemia

• Lymphoma

Diagnosing Cancer

• Dr’s can identify a group of abnormal cells when looking at the skin.

• They may feel a lump where the tissue should be soft.

• X-Rays/Scanning Equipment can also locate abnormal cell formations.

• If something suspicious shows up…a biopsy is done.

Biopsy?

• The removal of a sample of tissue from a person for examination.

Warning Signs of Cancer

• Change in bowel of bladder habits.

• A sore that does not heal.

• Unusual bleeding or discharge.

• Thickening or lumps in the body.

• Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.

• Obvious change in mole or wart.

• Nagging cough or hoarseness.

Treating Cancer

• Surgery

• Radiation Therapy

• Chemotherapy

• http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/cancer/

Heart and Circulatory Problems:

• Heart Disease: any condition that weakens the heart and blood vessels and makes them less functional.

2 types of Heart Disease:

• Arteriosclerosis: A group of disorders in which arteries harden and become more rigid.

• Atherosclerosis: occurs when fatty substances in the blood build up on the walls of the arteries.

Other Cardiovascular Problems:

• Hypertension: pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal.

• Stroke: condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked.

• Heart Attack: blood flow to the heart is reduced or blocked.

Treating Heart Disease:

• Angioplasty: an instrutment is inserted into a blocked artery to clear blockage.

• Medications

• Pacemakers

• Bypass/Heart Valve Surgery

• Heart Transplants

Diabetes

• Def: a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy.

• Their bodies do not produce/properly use Insulin.

• Insulin: a protein made in the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose in the blood.

Two Types of Diabetes:

• Type 1: the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

Often starts in childhood.

• Type 2: the body cannot effectively use the insulin in produces.

90-95% of diabetics have type 2, usually begins in adulthood.

Managing Diabetes:

• Healthy Eating

• Weight Management

• Insulin Injections

• Medical Care

http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/diabetes/

Arthritis

• Defintion: is a disease of the joints marked by painful swelling and stiffness.– More then 40 million people in the United

States have arthritis.

Two Types of Arthritis:

• Osteoarthritis: disease that results from a breakdown in cartilage in the joints.

• Rheumatoid arthritis: a chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness in the joints.

Managing Arthritis

• Physical Activity and Rest (Balance)

• A balanced eating plan

• Joint protection (Braces/splints)

• Heat and cold treatments

• Medication

• Massage

• Surgery and Joint Replacement

Allergies• Definition: an extreme sensitivity to a

substance.

• Allergens: substances that cause allergic responses.

Common Allergens

• Pollen

• Food

• Insect bites or stings

• Plants

How to Manage Allergies:

• Avoid the allergen.

• Take medication.

• Antihistamines.

• Get Injections.

http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/allergies/

Asthma:

• Definition: a condition in which the small airways in the lungs narrow, making breathing difficult.

• 20 million people in the US have asthma.

• About 1/3 of those people are under 18.

Managing Asthma:

• Manage the environment.

• Manage Stress

• Take Medication

http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/asthma/

Table of Contents:

Homework:

Anything NOT finished!

STOP NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES VIDEO

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nHMV_420zg&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active