Presented By SAURABH GUPTA

•Unwanted sound pollutant which produces undesirable physiological and psychological effects in an individual , by interfering with one’s social activities.• any sound that is undesired by the recipient.•One man’s sound could be another man’s noise.

S/N Sources of noise pollution Level dB(A)1 Air compressors 95-1042 110 KVA diesel generator 953 Pulveriser 924 Riveting 955 Steam turbine (12,500 kW) 916 Ticking clock 307 Computer rooms 55-608 Type institute 609 Printing press 8010 Sports car 80-9511 Trains 9612 Trucks 90-10013 Car horns 90-10514 Jet takeoff 120

There are several measurement parameters to describe noise. A few significant of these are as follows:i) Type of noise, i.e., whether it is continuous, impulsive, intermittent or repetitive etc;ii) Its overall sound pressure level i.e., loudness or intensity;iii) Variation of the sound pressure level with time;iv) Spectral composition i.e., whether it is narrow band or broad band and/or a complex mixture of many different frequencies within the human hearing frequency range;v) Duration of sound; andvi) Time of the day.

Noise Evaluation Parameters

Sound Level In DecibelsEffects

65 Annoyance - Nervous Effects,

90Many Years Of Exposure - Permanent Hearing

loss

100Short periods - Temporary impairment; Prolonged - Irreparable Damage to auditory

organs

120 Causes the pain in the inner ear

150 Instantaneous Hearing Loss

The World Health Organization (WHO) has documented seven categories of adverse health effects of noise pollution on humans.Hearing impairment

•Children seem to be more vulnerable than adults.• Long exposure to high sound levels cause loss of hearing.•occurs at levels of 80 dB or greater•The ability to understand partially masked or distorted speech begins to deteriorate around age 30 and declines steadily thereafter. Generally, therefore, the older the listener, the lower the back ground noise must be for normal communication. [9]Interference with spoken communication•include problems with concentration, fatigue, uncertainty, lack of self confidence, irritation, misunderstandings, decreased working capacity, disturbed interpersonal relationships and stress reactions.

Sleep disturbances•Noise pollution during sleep causes increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, increased pulse amplitude, vasoconstriction, cardiac arrhythmias and increased body movement.• Secondary effects include fatigue, depressed mood and well-being and decreased performance.

Cardiovascular disturbances•Acute exposure to noise activates nervous and hormonal responses, leading to increased blood pressure and heart rate and to vasoconstriction.•If the exposure is of sufficient intensity, there is an increase in heart rate and peripheral resistance, an increase in blood pressure and increased levels of stress hormones.Disturbances in mental health•Accelerate and intensify the development of latent mental disorders.•Anxiety, stress, nervousness, nausea, headache, emotional instability, argumentativeness, changes in mood, increase in social conflicts, neurosis.Negative social behavior and annoyance reactions•Annoyance increases significantly when noise is accompanied by vibration or by low frequency components.• social behavior effects include changes in everyday behavior, changes in social behavior and changes in social indicators and changes in mood. Noise above 80 dB is consistently associated with decreased helping behavior and increased aggressiveness.[2]

Source:[9]

•conducted at eleven different locations in the Jaipur city.• four zones i.e. industrial, commercial, residential and silence zone were selected in the city.• The ambient noise level was monitored with the help of Sound Level Meter during day time and evening time•Readings were recorded after interval of ten seconds for six minutes at every site during day and evening time.

Zone Location taken

Commercial 1.Ajmeri Gate2.Rambagh3.O.T.S4.B2B Bye Pass

Residential 1.Tonk Phatak2.Sanganer Thana

Silence 1.S.M.S Hospital2.M.N.I.T3.Fortis Hospital

industrial 1.Gopalpura2.Sitapura

Sr.

no.

Noise zones location Sound levels dB(A)Leq

First day second day

Day Night Day Night

AVERAGE

Day Time Night time

(in dB) (in dB)

1

industrial

Gopalpura 76.1 70.2 79.2 70.1 77.65 70.15

Sitapura 75.3 71.0 77.8 72.0 76.55 71.50

2

commercial

Ajmeri gate 78.0 70.0 79.0 70.2 78.5 70.1

Rambagh 70.1 67.1 71.2 66.2 70.65 66.65

O.T.S. 68.2 66.3 70.3 66.1 69.25 66.2

B2 Bye

Pass

66.4 57.9 68.3 58.1 67.35 58.0

3

Residential

Tonk

Phatak

55.3 49.8 58.4 50.0 56.85 49.95

Sanganer

thana

58.3 50.0 60.1 49.1 59.2 49.55

4

silence

S.M.S.

Hospital

55.0 49.2 53.1 49.3 54.05 49.25

M.N.I.T. 56.3 50.0 55.1 48.3 55.7 49.15

Fortis

Hospital

59.2 49.8 58.1 49.9 58.65 49.85

Area code Category of area Limits in dB

Day time Night time

A Industrial 75 70

B Commercial 65 55

C Residential 55 45

D Silence zone 50 40

Noise Standards for Ambient Noise Level(CPCB)

•The average noise level at all locations was found to be above the prescribed limits of CPCB.•Significant variation at different sites which gradually increased or decreased on the basis of location of the site.•One of the major causes for this increased level is increased number of vehicles and the enhanced transportation activities.•Increasing number of vehicles in the Jaipur city increases the number of noise sources, road construction at various parts of the Jaipur city, road jams are observed at several parts of the city, people are not following traffic rules, the mismanagement of traffic and infrastructure of the city is not as good as it should be and therefore majority of the places noise levels are well above the CPCB standards.

•Noise control in buildingsTo place the building as far from the noise source as possible. Every doubling of distance will reduce the noise level by 6 DB.Avoiding zones of directional sound.The screening effect of walls, fences, plantation belts etc can be utilized to reduce the noise reaching the building. A given barrier will be most effective when it is as near to the source as possible.Positioning of openings away from noise sourcesNoise insulating building envelope•Educating people about the hazards of loud sound and restriction on the use of pressure horns, loud speakers and fire crackers •Isolate noise at sourceBy reducing the noise levels from domestic sectors, Maintenance of automobiles, Control over vibrations, Low voice speaking, Prohibition on usage of loud speakers

and optimum selection of machinery, tools or equipment reduces excess noise levels.

•The usage of protective equipment and the worker's exposure to the high noise levels can be minimized by Job rotation, Exposure reduction, Hearing protection, use of Equipment like earmuffs, ear plugs etc. •Proper maintenance of the vehicles, Laying good roads and their maintenance, Strict enforcement of the existing law to remove the encroachments on road sides •Green belt development

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4. Anurag V. Tiwari, Prashant A. Kadu, Ashish R.Mishra Study of Noise

Pollution Due To Railway and Vehicular Traffic at Level Crossing and Its

Remedial Measures 5. Manish Raman and R C Chhipa, Study of Noise Pollution at Major

Intersections in Jaipur City INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING

SCIENCES & RESEARCH

TECHNOLOGY.

6.Ken Hume Sleep disturbance due to noise: Current issues and future

research, Noise and Health

7. Noise pollution: non-auditory effects on health Stephen A

Stansfeld and

Mark P Matheson British Medical Bulletin

8. Exposure of Urban Communities to Noise Pollution S.P. Singal indian

journal of air pollution control