no child left behind’s impact on career and technical education
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No Child Left Behind’s Impact on Career and Technical Education. Julie Chadd, Ph.D., Eastern Illinois University Karen Drage, Ph.D., Eastern Illinois University Funded by Illinois University Council for CTE. Background. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
No Child Left Behind’s Impact on Career and Technical Education
Julie Chadd, Ph.D., Eastern Illinois UniversityKaren Drage, Ph.D., Eastern Illinois University Funded by Illinois University Council for CTE
Background
• The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001• Increased accountability for results• More flexibility in using federal funds• Proven teaching methods• More choices for parents and students
Need for Study
• CTE will lose enrollment unless leaders can clearly show
• Contribute to academic success measured by tests• Serve as motivation to stay in school and perform
better in academic courses (Daggett, n.d.)• Survival may depend upon ability to be
recognized as effective force in helping students and schools meet goals
Illinois’ Primary Goals
• All students will reach high standards in reading and math by 2013-2014
• All students will graduate from high school
Purpose
• Contribute to a better understanding of impact NCLB has had on CTE programs
• Attempt to describe perceptions of principals and CTE teachers on how NCLB has impacted programs
• Determine how CTE programs are trying to meet goals of legislation
Research Questions
• What are the perceptions of high school principals related to the benefits of CTE in helping high schools achieve the goals of NCLB?
• What are the perceptions of high school CTE teachers related to the benefits of CTE in helping high schools achieve the goals of NCLB?
• How are business courses able to help high schools meet the goals of NCLB?
Response Rate
• Initial mailing and one follow-up mailing• 133 Principals – 26.65%• 128 Teachers – 25.65%
• Used in data analysis• 123 Principals – 24.64%• 114 Teachers – 22.85%
In which content area do you teach?
• Agriculture – 5%• Business – 44%• Family & Consumer Sciences – 19%• Health Occupations – 7%• Technology – 25%
CTE courses help to prepare students to take standardized tests that assess English language arts
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 74% 26%
CTE Teachers 78% 22%
CTE courses help to prepare students to take standardized tests that assess math
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 86% 14%
CTE Teachers 90% 10%
CTE courses can help meet the goal of “all students will reach high standards, at a minimum of attaining proficiency or better in reading and mathematics”
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 87% 13%
CTE Teachers 91% 9%
CTE courses can help meet the goal of “all students will graduate from high school”
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 96% 4%*
CTE Teachers 96% 4%*
*Only item that no principal or teacher selected Strongly Disagree
NCLB has had a positive impact on CTE enrollment at your school
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 63% 37%
CTE Teachers 11% 89%
NCLB has had a positive impact on the image of CTE at your school
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 8% 92%
CTE Teachers 15% 85%
English LA ILS can easily be incorporated into many CTE courses offered at your school
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 79% 21%
CTE Teachers 89% 11%
Math ILS can easily be incorporated into many CTE courses offered at your school
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 89% 11%
CTE Teachers 98% 2%
Developmental reading activities can easily be incorporated into many CTE courses offered at your school
Strongly Agree or Agree
Strongly Disagree or Disagree
Principals 85% 15%
CTE Teachers 89% 11%*
*No teacher selected Strongly Disagree
How has the enrollment in CTE courses in your school changed since NCLB was enacted in 2002?
Increased DecreasedStayed About Same
Principals 8% 35% 54%
CTE Teachers 13% 30% 55%
What activities or teaching approaches do you use that help students reach high standards in reading?• Read aloud• Read silently• Write book reports• Discuss business section
of newspaper• Review article• Summarize text• Outline readings
• Proofread documents• Read in groups• Read journal articles• Respond to higher-order
thinking questions on exams
• Write research papers
What activities or teaching approaches do you use that help students reach high standards in math?
• Calculations• Interest on loans• Percentages• Taxes• Dividends• Payroll deductions• Grades• Cost of credit
• Apply math concepts to everyday living
• Complete math scenarios in computer programming
• Develop budget• Calculate cost of running
business• Complete daily math mind
teasers• Create formulas and
functions in spreadsheets• Complete stock market
projects
What activities or teaching approaches do you use that will lead to more students graduating from high school?
• Real-life applications• Hands-on learning• Job shadowing• Opportunity to excel in
course creates motivation
• High expectations• Use multiple learning
styles
• Activities and expectations parallel workplace
• Team work• Problem solving• Career decision making• Analyze values• Goal setting
How often do you incorporate ___ into your lessons?
Daily 3 or 4 times a week
1 or 2 times a week Never
ILS English/LA 25% 26% 38% 11%
ILS Mathematics 27% 22% 46% 5%Developmental
Reading Activities
20% 24% 47% 9%
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Teachers• “Being new to this school (my 2nd year) this
survey is drawing attention to some areas I should work to improve”
• “I believe that many law makers do not realize the impact Vocational Ed has on society at large”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Teachers• “I am concerned about the future of electives
because the state is mandating more science, English, and math and this could affect how many electives a student will have time for”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Teachers• “NCLB is not preparing the students for life. In the CTE
courses, the students learn not only by reading and by doing math problems but actually taking it one step further and applying it to everyday situations”
• “The more emphasis placed on academic areas without practicality, the lower test scores will be produced. What we need are better vocational programs”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Principals• “As graduation requirements increase, CTE
classes get the squeeze. Only the strong community-supported programs will survive and even that is no guarantee”
• “Due to increasing requirements for math and science, our CTE courses will suffer from reduced enrollment. We may have to cut staff”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Principals• “NCLB has goals that will never be met by any
district. CTE programs are jeopardized because of NCLB. Too many people in education have tunnel vision and are unaware of how students can achieve a meaningful education”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Principals• “NCLB hurts, not helps, CTE. Sadly these
courses are often played down, and the truth is that many students depend upon these courses for career moves. Students need these courses. I wish that people would realize not all students do, and are able, to go to college”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Principals• “They could be a great resource to reinforce and
apply academic skills. A new outlook by staff where they realize this role is necessary. Evaluate curriculum and build more lessons to do this”
Additional comments regarding the impact of NCLB on CTE - Principals• “We have incorporated reading and mathematics
across the curriculum- even in CTE courses. However, CTE was already using the math and reading extensively before that decision. CTE courses are necessary for kinesthetic learners”
Conclusions
• Participants believe CTE has ability to help schools meet high academic standards
• Participants believe CTE is able to help students graduate from high school
Recommendations
• CTE teaching methods should undergo process required to show they meet rigorous standards and yield positive results outlined in NCLB
• CTE teachers must be made aware of importance of incorporating core academic areas
• CTE teachers should identify academic learning standards addressed in each of their classes
Recommendations (cont.)
• CTE teachers must learn how to document academic integration
• Documentation must be shared with administrators, schools boards, and legislators
• State results should be evaluated to determine if enrollment in CTE courses affects students’ scores
Your comments/thoughts???