NLRC NLRC

Spoken English TrainingSpoken English Training

SlidesSlides

Dr. K. S. Dr. K. S. JayakumarJayakumar

Founder & Chairman,Founder & Chairman, Assistant Professor & HeadAssistant Professor & HeadNLRC Spoken English. Department of Mechanical Engineering,NLRC Spoken English. Department of Mechanical Engineering,

SaveethaSaveetha School of Engineering,School of Engineering,SaveethaSaveetha University, ChennaiUniversity, Chennai--602105602105

ByBy

Head Office:Head Office:44--81/60, 81/60, SelliammanSelliamman NagarNagar, M. , M. Perumapalayam(POPerumapalayam(PO))Salem(DTSalem(DT), Tamil ), Tamil NaduNadu, India , India –– 636111.636111.Mob: +91 9894854413, Email: Mob: +91 9894854413, Email: nlrcspokenenglish@gmail.comnlrcspokenenglish@gmail.comWeb: Web: www.nlrc.inwww.nlrc.in

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NLRC Spoken English (For Graduates, Professionals and All)

Head Office: 4-81/60, Selliamman Nagar, M. Perumapalayam (PO), Salem – 636111, Tamil Nadu, India. H/P: 9894854413, Phone: 0427-2912095, E-mail: nlrcspokenenglish@gmail.com, Web: www.nlrc.in

Please Visit Our Website For

NLRC Spoken English

www.nlrc.in

NLRC Spoken English is in

Chennai Now!!!

Cognitive Spoken English Cognitive Spoken English

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Founder & Chairman of NLRC Spoken EnglishFounder & Chairman of NLRC Spoken English

Dr. K. S. Jayakumar, B.E, Dr. K. S. Jayakumar, B.E, M.TechM.Tech, M.S, PhD., M.S, PhD.B.E – Mechanical Engineering, Angala Amman Engineering

College, Trichy, 1993 - 1997.

M.Tech – Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi

(IIT-Delhi), 1998 - 2000

M.S – Industrial Engineering, Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA, NUS –

Singapore), 2000 - 2001

PhD – Artificial Intelligence, Nanyang Technological University,

Singapore, 2002 – 2007.3

What is NLRC?

NLRC is Natural Language Research Center.

ªñ£Nèœ Ýó£ŒC G¬ôò‹Company Logo ñóƒèœ õ÷¼õ¶ «ð£™ î¡Q„¬êò£è

õ÷˜.

ñóƒèœ õ÷˜‰¶ ܬùõ¼‚°‹ ðò¡ÜOŠð¶ «ð£™, cƒèÀ‹ ñŸøõ˜èÀ‚°ðòÂœ÷î£è Þ¼ƒèœ.

²ŸÁÅö¬ô ñ£²ðì£ñ™ ð£¶è£Šð£è¬õˆF¼ƒèœ.4

Mission StatementMission Statement

NLRC Strives to Make Everyone to be a NLRC Strives to Make Everyone to be a Great CommunicatorGreat Communicator

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Vision StatementVision Statement

NLRC Strives to Create Future LeadersNLRC Strives to Create Future Leaders

6

Test for Identifying Your FluencyàƒèO¡ «ð²‹ ݃AôˆF¡ ¹ô¬ñ¬ò è‡ìP»‹ «ê£î¬ù

ñ£íõ˜ å¼õ˜ Þ¼‚Aø£˜. ÜõK¡ ªñ£N îI› â¡Á ¬õˆ¶‚

ªè£œ«õ£‹.

 ÜõKì‹ îIN™ Þ¼‚°‹ 10 ð‚è è¬î¬ò ªè£´ˆ¶ "Þ‰î

è¬î¬ò 𮈶 M†´ Þ¬î âù‚° ªê£™½ƒèœ" â¡Á ÃÁA«ø¡.

 Þ¬î ªê£¡ù¾ì¡, ܉î ñ£íõ˜ è¬î¬ò ð®Šð£˜. è¬î¬ò

¹K‰¶‚ ªè£‡ìŠ Hø°, 10 ð‚è è¬î¬ò ° Ü™ô¶ 䉶 GIìˆF™

â¡Qì‹ ªê£™L º®Šð£˜.

ñ£íõ˜ è¬î¬ò â¡Qì‹ ªê£™½‹ «ð£¶ Üõ˜ I辋 Þò™ð£è

«ð²õ£˜. «ñ½‹, Üõ˜ â‹ ðî†ìŠðì£ñ™ «ð²õ£˜.7

 Ü«î ñ£íõKì‹ 10 ð‚è ݃Aô è¬î¬ò ªè£´ˆ¶

"Þ‰î è¬î¬ò 𮈶 M†´ Þ¬î âù‚° ݃AôˆF™

ªê£™½ƒèœ" â¡Á ÃÁA«ø¡.

Üõ˜ è¬î¬ò 𮈶 ï¡ø£è ¹K‰¶‚ ªè£œAø£˜ â¡Á

¬õˆ¶‚ ªè£œ«õ£‹. Üõ˜ ¹K‰¶‚ ªè£‡ì è¬î¬ò â¡Qì‹

ªê£™½‹ «ð£¶ W›è‡ì Þ¡ù™èÀ‚° à†ð´Aø£˜.

Üõ˜ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²‹ «ð£¶, è¬îJ™ Þ¼‚°‹ ݃Aô

õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ÜŠð®«ò ðò¡ð´ˆF «ð²õ£˜.

Üõ˜ ¹K‰¶‚ ªè£‡ì è¬î¬ò ºîL™ îIN™ ªñ£N ªðò˜Šð£˜.

Hø°, îI› õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ݃AôˆF™ ªñ£N ªðò˜Šð£˜.

Test for Identifying Your FluencyàƒèO¡ «ð²‹ ݃AôˆF¡ ¹ô¬ñ¬ò è‡ìP»‹ «ê£î¬ù

8

Üõ˜ îI› õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ݃AôˆF™ ªñ£N ªðò˜‚°‹ «ð£¶, îI›õ£‚AòˆF™ Þ¼‚°‹ 嚪õ£¼ õ£˜ˆ¬î‚°‹ Ü‡ì£ù ݃Aôõ£˜ˆ¬î¬ò ðò¡ð´ˆF ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñŠð£˜. Üõ˜ ñùF™îI› õ£˜ˆ¬î‚° î°‰î ݃Aô õ£˜ˆ¬î àF‚èM™¬ô â¡ø£™, Üõ˜ ñùF™ ðìð승 ãŸð´‹; ÜõK¡ ° Hó½‹; ðòˆF™ Üõ¼‚°Mò˜‚°‹.

݃AôˆF™ «ð²‹ «ð£¶ (Üî£õ¶ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñ‚°‹«ð£¶), â‰î conjunction-¬ò ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õ¶; â‰î tense-¬ò ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õ¶; â‰î preposition-¬ò ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õ¶ â¡Á «ò£CŠð£˜. Üõ˜, ÜFè «ïó‹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î Þô‚èí H¬öJ¡PܬñŠðF™ ªêôM´õ£˜.

ÜÜõõ˜̃ îîININ™™ ««ð𲋲‹ ««ð𣣶¶ ««ñŸªñŸªê꣡ù£¡ù ÞÞ¡ù™èÀ¡ù™èÀ‚‚°° ÝÝ÷÷££õFõF™¬™¬ôô. .

ÝÝùù£™£™, , Ý݃ƒAôAô‹‹ ««ð𲋲‹ ««ð𣣶¶ ñ†ñ†´́‹‹ ãã¡¡ ÞÞ‰îŠ‰îŠ HHó„ó„êê¬ù蜬ùèœ??

Test for Identifying Your FluencyàƒèO¡ «ð²‹ ݃AôˆF¡ ¹ô¬ñ¬ò è‡ìP»‹ «ê£î¬ù

9

Test for Identifying Your FluencyàƒèO¡ «ð²‹ ݃AôˆF¡ ¹ô¬ñ¬ò è‡ìP»‹ «ê£î¬ù

ÞŠ«ð£¶,  àƒèOì‹ «è†°‹ ºî™ «èœM:cƒèœ îI¬ö 𮂰‹«ð£¶ àƒèÀ‚° 100% ¹KAø¶. Ü«î ñ£FK, ݃Aô‹ 𮂰‹«ð£¶ àƒèÀ‚° âˆî¬ù êîMAî‹ (%) ¹KAø¶? àƒèœ ðF™?

ººîî™™ GðGð‰î¬ù‰î¬ù:: cƒèœ îI¬ö âŠð® 100% ¹K‰¶‚ªè£œAl˜è«÷£, Ü«îñ£FK cƒèœ ݃Aôˆ¬î»‹ 100% ¹K‰¶‚ªè£œ÷ «õ‡´‹.

 àƒèOì‹ «è†°‹ Ü´ˆî «èœM:cƒèœ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²‹«ð£¶ «ñŸªê£¡ù Þ¡ù™èÀ‚° Ý÷£è£ñ™, îI¬ö «ð£™ Þò™ð£è «ð²Al˜è÷£?

ÞÞó‡ì£ó‡ì£õõ¶¶ GðGð‰î¬ù‰î¬ù:: cƒèœ G¬ùˆî 輈¶è¬÷ âŠð® îIN™Þò™ð£è «ð²Al˜è«÷£, Ü«î«ð£™ ݃AôˆF½‹ «ðê «õ‡´‹.

ââƒèœƒèœ NLRC Spoken EnglishNLRC Spoken English--¡¡ º‚º‚AòAò ««ï£‚è苋ââ¡ùª¡ùªõõ¡ø¡ø£™£™ ««ñŸªñŸªê꣡ù£¡ù ÞÞó󇇴́ GðGð‰î¬ùè‰î¬ù謬÷÷»‹»‹ Ì̘ˆ˜ˆF F ªªêꌌõõî°°‹‹..

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 îIN™ êó÷ñ£è à¬óò£´A«ø£‹. ãªù¡ø£™ ñ ²ŸP àœ÷õ˜èœ ܬùõ¼‹ îIN™ à¬óò£´õ.

𣶠àƒèÀ‚° U‰F ªîKòM™¬ô â¡Á¬õˆ¶‚ªè£œ«õ£‹. cƒèœ º‹¬ð ªê™Al˜èœ. ܃° å¼ÝÁ ñ£îƒèœ cƒèœ õC‚Al˜èœ. ܉î êñòˆF™ cƒèœU‰F¬ò êó÷ñ£è «ð²i˜èœ.

Þ¶ âŠð® àƒèÀ‚° ꣈Fòñ£Aø¶? ãªù¡ø£™ àƒè¬÷²ŸP»œ÷õ˜èœ ܬùõ¼‹ U‰FJ™ à¬óò£´õ.

Ü«î«ð£™, àƒè¬÷ ²ŸP Þ¼Šðõ˜èœ ݃AôˆF™à¬óò£®ù£™, cƒèÀ‹ ݃Aô‹ êó÷ñ£è «ðêô£‹. Ýù£™ï‹¬ñ ²ŸP»œ÷õ˜èœ ªð¼‹ð£½‹ ݃Aô‹ ªîK‰F¼‰î£™Ãì îIN™î£¡ à¬óò£´Aø£˜èœ. Þîù£™î£¡, ï‹ñ£™ ݃Aô‹ êó÷ñ£è «ð꺮òM™¬ô.

Reason for Developing Cognitive Spoken EnglishReason for Developing Cognitive Spoken English¹¹ôô¡¡ ê꣘‰î£˜‰î ««ð𲋲‹ Ý݃ƒAôAô‹‹ à¼à¼õõ£‚芣‚èŠðð†ìîŸè£ù†ìîŸè£ù è£óíè£óí‹‹

11

ÞŠ«ð£¶  àƒèOì‹ «è†°‹ Iè º‚Aòñ£ù «èœM

â¡ùªõ¡ø£™, ccƒèœƒèœ Ý݃ƒAôAô‹‹ ªªîîKK‰î‰îõõ˜èÀì˜èÀì¡¡ à¬óà¬óòò££´́õõ¶¶ ««ðð£¡ø£¡ø

śśGG¬¬ôô¬¬òò ªªêòêòŸ¬èŸ¬è º¬º¬øøJJ™™ ܙܙôô¶¶ ªªêòêòŸ¬èŸ¬èòò£è£è à¼à¼õõ£‚裂è

º®»ñ£º®»ñ£??

ÞÞîî¡¡ MM¬ì¬ì:: 臮Šè‡®Šðð£è£è º®»‹º®»‹. . èœï£ƒèœ  °°PPŠ«Š«ðð†¬ì†¬ì ccƒèœƒèœ

¹¹KK‰‰¶¶‚ªè£‡ì£™‚ªè£‡ì£™, , ccƒèœƒèœ Ý݃ƒAôAô‹‹ ªªîîKK‰î‰îõõ˜è˜èOOìì‹‹ å¼å¼ õõ¼ì裼ìè£ôô‹‹

à¬óà¬óòò£®£®òòîŸîŸ°° êêññññ££°°‹‹..

ÞÞ¶¶ â⊊ðð®® ê꣈£ˆFòFòñ£ñ£AAøø¶¶??

Learning English language through Interaction (our Learning English language through Interaction (our sensors) is called Cognitive Spoken Englishsensors) is called Cognitive Spoken English

Reason for Developing Cognitive Spoken EnglishReason for Developing Cognitive Spoken English¹¹ôô¡¡ ê꣘‰î£˜‰î ««ð𲋲‹ Ý݃ƒAôAô‹‹ à¼à¼õõ£‚芣‚èŠðð†ìîŸè£ù†ìîŸè£ù è£óíè£óí‹‹

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Brain MemoriesBrain Memories

The Strong linking (Connection) between Physical Memory and Semantic Memory (Tamil) makes you speak Tamil Fluently.

Similarly, The Strong linking (Connection) between Physical Memory and Semantic Memory (English) makes you speak English Fluently.

NLRC Spoken English Training Creates the Strong Linking between NLRC Spoken English Training Creates the Strong Linking between Physical Physical Memory and Semantic Memory (English)Memory and Semantic Memory (English)

NLRC Spoken English NLRC Spoken English Training Creates this Training Creates this Connection in your Connection in your Brain MemoryBrain Memory

13

Grammar Þ™ô£ñ™ ݃Aô‹ èŸÁ‚ªè£œ÷º®»ñ£?

ï‹ îI› ªñ£N¬ò â´ˆ¶‚ªè£œ«õ£‹. å¼ °ö‰¬îò£ù¶ ºî™ õòF™Ü¬î ²ŸP Þ¼‚°‹ ªð£¼œè¬÷ 𣘂Aø¶ ñŸÁ‹ ܬõè¬÷ H®‚Aø¶.

îù¶ Þó‡ì£õ¶ õòF™, C¡ù C¡ù õ£˜ˆ¬îè¬÷ «ð²Aø¶. Í¡ø£õ¶õòF™ C¡ù C¡ù õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ «ð²Aø¶. è£õ¶ õòF™ ï™ô£êó÷ñ£è îI¬ö «ð²Aø¶.

ä‰î£õ¶ õòF™ îI¬ö â¿î ñŸÁ‹ ð®‚è èŸÁ‚ªè£œAø¶.

ÞFL¼‰¶ â¡ù ªîKAø¶? ºîL™  «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£‡ìŠHø°î£¡â¿î ñŸÁ‹ ð®‚è èŸÁ‚ªè£œA«ø£‹.

Ýù£™, ݃AôˆF™ ñ†´‹ 㡠 â¿î ñŸÁ‹ ð®‚è èŸÁ‚ªè£‡ìHø° «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£œA«ø£‹?

 ªêŒ»‹ Þ‰î îõŸ¬ø ï¡ø£è «ò£Cˆ¶Šð£¼ƒèœ.

We Train You Spoken English Without GrammarWe Train You Spoken English Without Grammar14

Grammar Þ™ô£ñ™ ݃Aô‹ èŸÁ‚ªè£œ÷º®»ñ£? - º®»‹º®»‹

å«ó å¼ C¡ù MCò‹ ï‹IìI¼‰¶ ñ¬ø‚èŠð†ìî¡

M¬÷¾î£¡,  ݃Aô‹ «ð²õ î¬ìò£è Þ¼‚Aø¶.

ܶ  õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹ º¬ø ( Sentence Pattern )

ꘂè¬ó ãî£õ¶ eF Þ¼‚Aøî£? â¡ø õ£‚Aòˆ¬î âŠð®

݃AôˆF™ ªê£™õ¶.

ªð¼‹ð£½‹ ðô˜ H¡ðŸøîò º¬ø: ªñ£N ªðò˜ˆî™

Þ‰î ªñ£Nªðò˜ˆî™ cƒèœ ݃Aô‹ êó÷ñ£è «ð²õ

î¬ìò£è Þ¼‚Aø¶.

Ü´ˆ¶, ªñ£Nªðò˜‚è£ñ™ âŠð® ݃AôˆF™ õ£‚Aòˆ¬î

ܬñŠð¶ â¡Á 𣘊«ð£‹.15

輈¶ Ü™ô¶ Å›G¬ô: ꘂè¬ó ãî£õ¶eF Þ¼‚Aøî£?

Sentence Pattern: Is there any sth left?

Final Sentence: Is there any sugar left?Þƒ° õ£‚Aò ܬñŠH™ sth=sugar â¡Á

̘ˆF ªêŒòŠð†´œ÷¶.

îINL¼‰¶ ªñ£Nªðò˜‚è£ñ™ ݃AôˆF™âŠð® õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ܬñŠð¶?

16

輈¶ Ü™ô¶ Å›G¬ô: cƒèœ è£H °®‚èM¼‹¹Al˜è÷£?

Sentence Pattern: Would you like to do sth?

Final Sentence: Would you like to drink coffee?

Þƒ° õ£‚Aò ܬñŠH™ do= drink ñŸÁ‹ sth=coffee â¡Á

̘ˆF ªêŒòŠð†´œ÷¶.

îINL¼‰¶ ªñ£Nªðò˜‚è£ñ™ ݃AôˆF™âŠð® õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ܬñŠð¶?

17

îINL¼‰¶ ªñ£Nªðò˜‚è£ñ™ ݃AôˆF™âŠð® õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ܬñŠð¶?ñŸø õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹èœ:

Is there any sth left? - sth â¡ø ªð£¼œ ãî£õ¶ eî‹Þ¼‚Aøî£?

Is there any milk left? - 𣙠ãî£õ¶ eî‹ Þ¼‚Aøî£?

I am ready to do sth / I am about to do sth -  doâ¡ø ªêò¬ô ªêŒò îò£ó£è Þ¼‚A«ø¡.

I am ready to eat the food / I am about to eat the food -  àí¬õ ꣊Hì îò£ó£è Þ¼‚A«ø¡.

(Sentence Patterns are available in (Sentence Patterns are available in www.ldoceonline.comwww.ldoceonline.com))18

Patterns are Available in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (www.ldoceonline.com)

19

What is Communication Skill?What is Communication Skill?

Communication Skill Consists of Two Parts:Concept Understanding and Generation (輈¬î

¹K‰¶‚ªè£œÀî™ ñŸÁ‹ 輈¬î à¼õ£‚°î™)

Concept Description (à¼õ£‚Aò 輈¬î ñŸøõ˜èÀ‚°

¹K»‹ð® ªê£™½î™)

cƒèœ ªê£™½‹ å¼ è¼ˆ¶ ⊫𣶠ñŸøõ¼‚° ¹K»‹?

cƒèœ ñŸøõ¼‚° å¼ ¹¶ 輈¬î ªê£™½‹«ð£¶, Ü‰î ¹¶

輈¬î Üõ¼‚° ãŸèù«õ ªîK‰î å¼ è¼ˆ¶ Íô‹

ªê£™½‹«ð£¶ Üõ¼‚° ï¡ø£è ¹K»‹.20

݃AôˆF™ «ð²ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô ñŸÁ‹«è†ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô âŠð® Þ¼‚°‹?«ð²ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô:

¹ˆîèˆF™ Þ¼‚°‹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ÜŠð®«ò «ðê «õ‡´‹.

Þô‚èíŠ H¬öJ¡P «ðê «õ‡´‹.

«õèñ£è «ðê «õ‡´‹.

݃AôˆF™ «ð²ðõ˜ «ð²‹«ð£¶ õ£˜ˆ¬îèÀ‚° Þ¬ìJ™ å¼ Mù£®

è£ôÜ÷¾ ªè£´ˆî£™ Ãì Üõ¼‚° å¼ GIì‹ Ü™ô¶ ÜFè «ïó‹ è£ôÜ÷¾

ªè£´Šð¶ «ð£™ «î£¡Á‹.

Cô˜ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²‹ «ð£¶, Üî¡ õ£‚Aòˆ¬î º®ŠðF™ ñ†´‹ °Pò£è

Þ¼Šð£˜èœ. Ýù£™ Þõ˜ «ð²õ¬î «è†°‹ ï𼂰 ¹K‰îî£ Þ™¬ôò£ â¡Á‚

致‚ªè£œ÷ ñ£†ì£˜.

Cô˜ ݃AôˆF™ ãî£õ¶ «ðê«õ‡´ªñQ™, Üõ˜èœ «ð²õ¬î «ðŠðK™ â¿F

ñùŠð£ì‹ ªêŒ¶ªè£‡´ «ð²õ£˜èœ. Üõ˜è¬÷ °P‚A†´ Þ¬ìJ™ ãî£õ¶

«èœM «è†ì£™ I辋 ðî†ìŠð´õ£˜èœ.21

݃AôˆF™ «ð²ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô ñŸÁ‹«è†ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô âŠð® Þ¼‚°‹?«è†ðõK¡ ñùG¬ô:

«è†ðõ˜ ݃Aô õ£‚AòˆF¡ ªð£¼¬÷ ñ†´‹î£¡ èõQŠð£˜.

cƒèœ Þô‚èí H¬ö«ò£´ «ð²Al˜è÷£ Þ™¬ôò£ â¡Á

èõQ‚èñ£†ì£˜.

«ð²ðõ˜ M†´ M†´ ªñ¶õ£è «ðCù£™ Ãì, «è†ðõ˜

ªð£Á¬ñ»ì¡ Þ¼Šð£˜. «ð²ðõK¡ 輈¬î‚ «è†ðF™ ñ†´‹î£¡

°Pò£è Þ¼Šð£˜.

«ð²ðõ˜ Þ‰î ñ£FK «ðCù£™ Ãì «èìðõ˜ ï¡ø£è ¹K‰¶‚

ªè£œõ£˜. "I walk road thief hit I fell", Þ‰î ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î

♫ô£¼‹ ¹K‰¶‚ ªè£œõ£˜èœ. ÞFL¼‰¶  â¡ù ¹K‰¶

ªè£‡«ì£‹ â¡ø£™, «ð²‹ «ð£¶ Þô‚èíŠ H¬ö«ò£´

Ãì «ðêô£‹.22

v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚L¬ú ðŸPòå¼ è‡«í£†ì‹

Spoken English – A Glance

23

Spoken English – A Glance

Spoken English â¡ø£™ â¡ù?Spoken English â¡ð¶ âO¬ñò£ù ݃Aô õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷(Simple Sentences) ªè£‡ì‹. ݃A«ôò˜èœ ݃AôˆF™«ð²‹«ð£¶ ªð¼‹ð£½‹ âO¬ñò£ù ݃Aô õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ðò¡ð´ˆ¶Aø£˜èœ.

Written English â¡ø£™ â¡ù?Written English â¡ð¶ èôŠ¹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷(Complex Sentences) ªè£‡ì‹. å¼ èôŠ¹õ£‚Aòñ£ù¶ ÜFè Þô‚èí MFè¬÷ àœ÷ì‚A â¿îŠð†®¼‚°‹.

݃Aô Þô‚è투î ï¡° ªîK‰¶ ªè£‡ì£™  èôŠ¹õ£‚AòˆF™ Þ¼‚°‹ 輈¶è¬÷ å¼õ˜ ªîOõ£è¹K‰¶‚ªè£œ÷ º®»‹.Þ‰î èôŠ¹ õ£‚Aòñ£ù¶ ¹ˆîèƒèœ, ªêŒFî£œèœ «ð£¡øõŸP™ ÜFèñ£è ðò¡ð´ˆîŠð´Aø¶.24

Spoken English-‹ Written English-‹ å¡ø£?Spoken English-‹ Written English-‹ å¡ø™ô. Þ¬õèœ Þó‡´‹ ªõš«õø£ù¬õ. Spoken English «ð²õ‹, Written English ⿶õ‹ ðò¡ð´ˆîŠð´Aø¶.

݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ ã¡ âO¬ñò£ù ݃Aôõ£‚Aòƒèœ (Simple Sentences) ðò¡ð´ˆîŠð´Aø¶?

 «ð²‹«ð£¶ «ò£Cˆî™, õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñˆî™, õ£‚Aòˆ¬î à„êKˆî™ «ð£¡øªêò™è¬÷ Iè °ÁAò è£ôˆF™ Ü™ô¶ «ïóˆF™ ªêŒA«ø£‹.

å¼õ˜ êó÷ñ£è ݃AôˆF™ «ðê «õ‡´ñ£ù£™, Üõ˜ 臮Šð£è âO¬ñò£ù ݃Aôõ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ (Simple Sentences) ðò¡ð´ˆî «õ‡´‹. ÜŠªð£¿¶î£¡ Üõ˜«ò£Cˆî™, õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñˆî™, õ£‚Aòˆ¬î à„êKˆî™ «ð£¡ø ªêò™è¬÷ Iè °ÁAòè£ôˆF™ Ü™ô¶ «ïóˆF™ ªêŒòº®»‹.

Ýù£™ å¼õ˜ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ èôŠ¹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ (Complex

Sentences) ðò¡ð´ˆFù£™ õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñŠðF½‹ ñŸÁ‹ ܬî à„êKŠðF½‹ è£ôî£ñî‹ ãŸð´‹. Þ‰î è£ô î£ñîˆFù£™î£¡ å¼õ˜ ݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ð꺮õF™¬ô

Spoken English – A Glance

25

èì‰î 50 õ¼ì è£ôñ£è îI›ï£†®™ ݃Aô‹ èŸÁˆîóŠð´Aø¶. Ýù£™ ޡ‹ ïñ‚° ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ è®ùñ£è Þ¼Šð¶ã¡?

 å¼ ªñ£N¬ò «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£‡ì Hø°î£¡ Ü‰î ªñ£N¬ò ð®‚è ñŸÁ‹ â¿îèŸÁ‚ªè£œA«ø£‹.  îI› ªñ£NJ™ Þ‰î ñ£FK ªêŒA«ø£‹.Ýù£™ ݃AôˆF™ â¡ùïì‚Aø¶? ݃Aô ªñ£N¬ò â¿î ñŸÁ‹ ð®‚è èŸÁ‚ªè£‡ì Hø°î£¡ «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£œA«ø£‹.  ªêŒ»‹ Þ‰î îõ¬ø êŸÁ C‰F»ƒèœ.

v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚LR™ ªð¼‹ð£¡¬ñ«ò£˜ ªêŒ»‹ îõÁ â¡ù?

݃AôˆF™ «ð²‹«ð£¶ ¹ˆîèˆF™ Þ¼‚°‹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ÜŠð®«ò«ðê«õ‡´‹ â¡Áªð¼‹ð£¡¬ñ«ò£˜ G¬ù‚Aø£˜èœ. Þ‰î CPò îõÁ Üõ˜èœ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ¬îè®ùñ£è Ý‚°Aø¶.

ãŸèù«õ °PŠH†ì ñ£FK, cƒèœ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ âO¬ñò£ù õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ (Simple

Sentences) ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õF™¬ô. Ü ñ£ø£è, ðô˜ «ð²õ èôŠ¹ õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ Üî£õ¶¹ˆîè‹ ñŸÁ‹ ªêŒFî£O™ Þ¼‚°‹ õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õè®ùñ£è Þ¼‚Aø¶.

Spoken English – A Glance

26

Spoken English – A Glance

v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚Lv èŸÁ‚ªè£œ÷ ݃AôÞô‚èí‹ «î¬õò£?

v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚Lv èŸÁ‚ªè£œ÷, Üî£õ¶ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ݃Aô Þô‚èí‹ «î¬õJ™¬ô.  ¬ìò Í¡ø£õ¶õòFL¼‰«î îI¬ö êó÷ñ£è «ð²A«ø£‹. ⡬ø‚è£õ¶ îI›Þô‚è투î ðŸP «ò£Cˆî¶ à‡ì£? 臮Šð£è A¬ìò£¶.

Ýù£™ ݃AôˆF™ «ð²õ ñ†´‹ 㡠 ݃AôÞô‚è투î I辋 A«ø£‹?

ãŸèù«õ ªê£¡ùñ£FK, Written English-™ Þ¼‚°‹ èôŠ¹õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ¹K‰¶‚ªè£œõ ݃Aô Þô‚èí‹ è‡®Šð£è«î¬õ. Ýù£™ Spoken English-™ Þ¼‚°‹ âO¬ñò£ùõ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ ¹K‰¶ªè£œ÷ ñŸÁ‹ «ðê ݃Aô Þô‚èí‹ «î¬õÞ™¬ô.27

Spoken English – A Glance

 îI¬ö êó÷ñ£è «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£œÀ‹«ð£¶

îI› Þô‚è투î èŸøF™¬ô. Ü«î«ð£™

݃Aô Þô‚è투î èŸè£ñ™ ݃AôˆF™

âŠð® êó÷ñ£è «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£œõ¶?

݃Aô Þô‚è투î èŸè£ñ™ ݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ðê¬õ‚°‹

º¬ø‚° õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹ º¬ø (Sentence Pattern

Method) â¡Á ªðò˜.

Þ‰î àôèˆF«ô«ò ºî¡ º¬øò£è õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹ º¬ø¬ò

ðò¡ð´ˆF ݃AôˆF™ «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£´‚°‹ å«ó GÁõù‹ NLRC

Spoken English Ý°‹.28

Spoken English – A GlanceÞ‰î ¹ˆîèˆF™ ݃Aô Þô‚èí‹ Þ™ô£ñ™ v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚Lvâ¡Á â¿îŠð†®¼‚Aø¶. ÞŠ¹ˆîè‹ Íô‹ ݃Aô‹èŸÁ‚ªè£‡ì£™ âù‚° Written English õó£¶ â¡Á ðô˜G¬ù‚Aø£˜èœ. Þ‰î ßÁ êKò£?

cƒèœ Þšõ£Á G¬ùŠð¶ îõÁ. Tense ñŸÁ‹ Conjunction-è¬÷ªîK‰¶‚ªè£œõ¶, õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ H¬öJ™ô£ñ™ ⿶‹ ðJŸC «ð£¡ø¬õèœî£¡

Written English â¡Á ðô˜ G¬ù‚Aø£˜èœ. Þ¶ îõø£ù ßÁ Ý°‹. Þ¬õèœ à‡¬ñJ™ Written English‚°‡ì£ù 輈¶è«÷ A¬ìò£¶. Þ¬îMì ޡ‹ 99 êîMî ¹¶¬ñò£ù 輈¶èœ Written English-™Þ¼‚Aø¶.

õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹èœ Íô‹ ݃Aô õ£‚Aòˆ¬î ܬñ‚°‹ º¬ø¬òªîK‰¶‚ªè£‡ì£™î£¡ cƒèœ Written English-™ ¹ô¬ñ ªðøº®»‹. õ£‚AòܬñŠH™ ݃Aô Þô‚èí‹ ñ¬ø‰F¼‚Aø¶.

݃Aô Þô‚è투î ñ ÜPò£ñ«ô«ò  õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹ Íô‹èŸÁ‚ªè£œA«ø£‹. ޶ à‡¬ñ.29

Spoken English – A Glance݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ð²õ ªêŒF÷ ð®‚èô£ñ£?

݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ð²õ ªêŒF÷ ð®‚è Ã죶. ãªù¡ø£™ªêŒFî£O™ Þ¼‚°‹ õ£‚Aòƒèœ èôŠ¹ õ£‚Aòƒèœ Ý°‹.

cƒèœ ݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ð²õ °ö‰¬îèœ ï®ˆî ݃Aô ý£L¾†F¬óðìƒè¬÷ ݃Aô ꊬ솮½ì¡ 𣼃èœ. ãªù¡ø£™ ÞˆF¬óðìƒèO™Þ¼‚°‹ õ£ƒAòƒèœ Iè âO¬ñò£è Þ¼‚°‹.

݃AôˆF™ êó÷ñ£è «ðê èŸÁ‚ªè£œðõ˜ ⊫𣶋݃AôˆF™î£¡ «ò£C‚è «õ‡´‹. îIN™ «ò£C‚è Ã죶 â¡ÁÜP¾ÁˆîŠð´Aø£˜èœ. Þ‰î ßÁ êKò£?

臮Šð£è îõÁ.  îIN«ô£ Ü™ô¶ ݃AôˆF«ô£ «ò£CŠð¶ A¬ìò£¶. «ò£Cˆî™ â¡ø ªêò¬ô ¬ìò ͬ÷J¡ Physical Memory-J¡ Íôñ£èªêŒA«ø£‹.

Physical Memory-Ýù¶ ¬ìò 䋹ô¡èO¡ C‚ù™èOù£™à¼õ£‚èŠð†®¼‚Aø¶. Physical Memory-J™ à¼õ£‚Aò 輈¬î îIN«ô£ Ü™ô¶ ݃AôˆF«ô£ õ£‚Aòñ£è ܬñˆ¶ «ð²A«ø£‹.

30

㡠݃Aô ªñ£N îIN™ èŸÁˆîóŠð´Aø¶?

å¼ ¹¶‚輈¬î  ñŸøõ¼‚° ªê£™½‹«ð£¶ Ü‰î ¹¶‚輈¬î Üõ¼‚°ªîK‰î å¼ è¼ˆ¶ Íôñ£è ªê£™½‹«ð£¶î£¡ Üõ˜ ï¡ø£è ¹K‰¶‚ªè£œõ£˜.

ï‹ â™«ô£¼‚°‹ îI› ï¡ø£è ªîK»‹. Ýîô£™ ïñ‚° ªîKò£î ݃Aôˆ¬î ïñ‚° ªîK‰î îI› ªñ£N Íôñ£è àƒèÀ‚° èŸÁˆî¼A«ø¡.

 ñŸøõ˜èOì‹ ÝƒAôˆF™ «ðê£ñ«ô«ò, ï‹ñ£™ ݃Aô‹«ðê‚èŸÁ‚ªè£œ÷ º®»ñ£?

臮Šð£è º®»‹. Þ¶ âŠð® â¡Á MKõ£è 𣘊«ð£‹. cƒèœ èì‰î ÝÁñ£îƒèœ ⡪ù¡ù îI› õ£‚Aòƒè¬÷ «ðCm˜è«÷£ Ü™ô¶ «ò£Cˆb˜è«÷£Ü¬õè¬÷ å¼ î£O™ â¿î¾‹. °¬ø‰î¶ 1000 îI› õ£‚Aòƒèœ â¿î «õ‡´‹. Hø°, cƒèœ â¿Fò îI› õ£‚AòƒèÀ‚° ݃Aô õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹è¬÷ (݃Aôõ£‚Aòƒèœ Ü™ô) ªîK‰¶ ªè£‡ì£™ cƒèœ êó÷ñ£è ݃AôˆF™ «ðêÝó‹Hˆ¶M´i˜èœ.

݃Aô õ£‚Aò ܬñŠ¹èœî£¡ àƒè¬÷ ݃AôˆF™ «ðê ɇ´Aø¶.

Spoken English – A Glance

31

v«ð£‚è¡ Þƒ‚Lv èŸø½‚è£ùâ¡.â™.ݘ.C-J¡ MFº¬øèœ

NLRC Rules for Spoken English Learning

32

NLRC Rule - 1

îIN™ àœ÷ 輈¬î ݃AôˆF™

õ£‚Aòñ£è ܬñ‚è õ£‚Aò

ܬñŠ¹ º¬ø¬ò (Sentence

Pattern Method) ðò¡ð´ˆî

«õ‡´‹.

33

Thank YouThank You

66