ngn to mitigate climate change

정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008

저탄소 차세대네트워크기술 표준화

이 재섭Chairman of ITU-T SG 13


Content

1. Impacts of Network into CC

2. Functional view of Network

3. Energy view of Network

4. Key Issues for Greening Network

5. Conclusion


Impacts of ICTs into CC

Overall Impacts of ICTs into Climate Change: 2~2.5 % Details within ICTs

* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”



Energy consumption trends of Network (ref. Internet)

Internet traffic is increasing exponentially New network services: Tele-working, High Definition Video etc Network power consumption will increase by 13 times (from

2006→2025), although ICT average will increase by 5 times

Energy saving in Network should be a important issue

* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009



Details of Energy consumption trends of Network

Network equipments: Router+Switch+Transmission+Control+Management+ Accounting+others

Network Portion of Energy consumption: 17% (2006) 43% (2025)

* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”

(Billions kWh, 2005 – 2025)



BT networks before NGN

IP

ATM

PSTN

DSLKStream

PSTN Leased lines

PDH

Fibre

Copper

SDHacces

sPDH

access

EndUser

~5.5ksites

~2ksites

~300sites

~100sites

~15sites

MSH -SDH

~1ksites

SDHVC-12

PDH access

SDH VC-4



BT Networks after the NGN

IP-MPLS-WDM

DSL

Fibre &Copper

Copper

Agg Box

EndUser

~5.5ksites

~100sites

Class 5 Call Server

Content

WWW

ISP

Multi-service access Converged core

Wireless

5. Case Study – 21CN1. Impacts of Network into CC


Impacts of NGN to reduce GHG in Telecom operations

~5.5ksites

~100sites

~5.5ksites

~2ksites

~300sites

~100sites

~15sites

~1ksites

30 ~ 40%Reduction of GHG

Number of nodesbefore NGN

Number of nodesafter NGN

Number of nodes in Access Networks # of nodes inCore Networks



Traditional functional configuration of Network


Vertical view : Function oriented configurations Mainly based on OSI 7 Layer Reference Model Each function places in each layer: L1 ~ L7 Easy to look at operation from bottom to top (or vice versa) Difficult to identify Systems and Geographical distributions view

L3

L2

L1

L7

L6

L5

L4

L3

L2

L1

L3

L2

L1

L7

L6

L5

L4

L3

L2

L1

Not easy to evaluate overall/details on energy consumption view


Traditional functional configuration of Network


Horizontal view: Geographic based distribution Mainly based on specific roles (e.g. end user, access and core etc) Configuring end-end connections Easy to look at communication/service flows Difficult to identify each functions

easy to evaluate energy consumption based on each role

CoreNetwork

CoreNetwork

Access Net

Access Net

Acess Net

Access Net

Access Net

Acess Net

TE

TE

TE

TE

TE

TE

~ km ~ 10s km ~ 10s km ~ km

Service connectivityTraffic aggregation Traffic routing

Service connectivityTraffic aggregationTraffic routing


Key Features of Horizontal Network configuration




Overall components of Network


Today, not easy to identify clear boundary for “a Network”: depend on business models (including services) Generalize Functional component parts:

Application/Service support: Service platforms Service Control: Service Subscription, Request and delivery control Transport Control: Connectivity and Capability control Transport: Connection and Traffic delivery Physical part: Physical connection (wires, duct etc)

Generalize Horizontal component parts: Home Network: Terminals, Home Gateway (Modem), wires etc Access Network: Edge Node, Access transmission (DSL, FLC),

DSLAM/MDF, Wires (including Radio), Duct and Local Office, etc. Core Network: Platforms, Routers, SDH/OF (Optical Fiber), Duct and Transit Office, etc.

Not easy to evaluate energy consumption aspects


New Eyesight of Network Functins


May need a new eyesight to look at functions of network for well reflecting of “Energy Providing and Consumption aspects” May separate following views:

Operating and Maintaining Physical Components: Electricity, Processors Storages, Bus, Displays and others Operating and Maintaining “Actions caused by Physical operation”: Routing, Switching, Control, Displaying, Provision Service and others Results from those operation and maintain: Applications and Services

L7

L6

L5

L4

L3

L2

L1 Electric Power

Power

Distribution

BUS

P

P

P

P

F

F

F

F

NetworkSystems

Electric Power

Power

Distribution

BUS

P

P

P

P

F

F

F

F

Service

Control

Routing

OAM


New Functional Configuration of Network Systems


Proposed a new functional configuration model of network systems for well reflecting of “Energy Consumption aspects”

Baseware: The logical entities which allow application and middleware functions to run, communicate with other functions by interfacing with network functions, and interface to users Middleware: The logical entities of middleware (Operating and Maintaining “Actions caused by operation of Baseware”: Routing, Switching, Control, Displaying, Provision Service and others)) Application/Service: The logical entities of Applications (Results from those operation and maintain by Baseware and middleware)

Application/Service

Middleware

Baseware


Application/Service

Middleware

Baseware

New Functional Configuration of Networks


Use of new functional model of network systems Network will be configured combination of those functions with following Interfaces:

BIF (Baseware Interface): Between Basewares MIF (Middleware Interface): Between Middlewares AIF (Application Interface): Bewteen Applications/Services

Application/Service

Middleware

Baseware

Application/Service

Middleware

BasewareBasewar

eBasewar

e

Middleware

Baseware

AIF

MIF MIF

BIF BIF BIF

BIF

End User TE

End User TE

Service Server


Key issues on Energy Saving aspects

Number of Operating Offices: Central Offices, Transit Offices, IDC Centers

Network Planning and Provisioning: Current Internet mainly rely on“Over Provision” Change to “Optimize Provision”

Capacity of “Transmission”, “Switching” and “Routing” Impacts to number of operating offices

Reachability to User: Distance: Legacy copper based (less than 4km) Optics

(~10s km) Number of connecting Terminals: Aggregation capacity

(Broadband and Hugeband ~ bigger than 10Gb/s) Efficiency of Network:

More effective Routing and Switching: Echo Routing and Switching

Guaranty of service delivery: avoid continuous trial for services

Secure services and applications: enhance use of ICT services (Tele-conference and Tele-banking etc.)

Effective system operation including end user terminal devices: adopt more actively “Standby Mode”

Other issues



Examples of energy saving points in Network Operation

Energy saving by GPON

Ene

rgy

MW

h/Y

C

ost M

€/Y

(10

0k s

ubs)

*) Costs for air conditioning are not considered

GPON Energy and Cost efficiency

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

ADSL2+ PON FTTH

Energy Consumption (MWh/y) Cost (k€/Y)

80 % Energy & Cost savings

By replacing ADSL2+

With PON *)

* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 4 “Direct and Indirect Impact of ITU-T Standards”



Energy saving points of RouterEnergy consumption of one

router:7.1 kW x 24 hours x 365 days = 62,600kWh


Example of Trials: ECO Networking Technology


ECO Routing Aggregate traffic into energy-

saving path Implement sleep mode for

routers where possible

ECO Switching Forward packets on timeslot

basis with time scheduling Buffer-less forwarding without

packet loss No routing table necessary

* ECO: Energy Cost saving Overlay



Features of Energy consumption of Network


Network capacity or device arrangement is designed based on on-peak traffic

Power consumption of routers is almost independent of the volume of traffic, and almost constant

Energy is saved by putting routers to sleep when traffic does not flow

Accordingly, energy is saved by using the minimum number of routers and putting other routers to sleep



5. Conclusion

ICTs had mainly involved in limited industries such as Telecom,computing etc.

But ICTs are now becoming essential parts of life

Furthermore ICTs is being important parts of social, national andinternational infrastructures

Expansion roles of ICTs

ICTs are rather environment friend than other industrial technologiesbut also have contribution to environment change

ICTs are being widely used whole processes of protecting environment

Several ICTs technologies are used at the field of environment

Roles of ICTs in Protecting Environments

NGN is a common infrastructure for enabling ICTs and other industriesusing ICTs

NGN provides benefits to mitigate GHG by itself including supportvarious capabilities for protection of environments

Position of NGN in Protecting Environments


Objects for Protecting Environments

1. Protecting Environments

• Green House Gas emission• Pollutions of natural environment: Air,

Water etc.• Natural disaster: earth quake, fire,

thnami etc• Other natural disaster

ProtectNatural

Environment

•Historical monuments•Artistic items: Paints, Sculptures etc.•Musical items: Musical instruments etc.•Literary items: Books, Records etc.•Infrastructural items: Building of

Museum, Theater for Performance etc.

•Other cultural environments

ProtectCultural

Environment

Impacts


Service

Cap. 3

Service

Cap. 2

Role of ICT for Protecting Environments

1. Protecting Environments

• Processes for protecting environments

Monitoring

Warning

ProtectMaintai

nImprov

e

Network Infrastructures(including Baseware: H/W Systems, Devices etc.)

PlatformA

PlatformB

PlatformC

Service

Cap. 1

Service

Cap. 3

Service

Cap. 2

Service

Cap. 1

Service

Cap. 3

Service

Cap. 2

Service

Cap. 1

ICTs


Thank you foryour attention !!!

ngn to mitigate climate change

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