nfe--gis ?gis ? nfe-gis - · pdf file– points, lines, polygons, symbol, text • gis...

Introduction to NFE-GIS trial development in Myanmar LRCIntroduction to NFEIntroduction to NFE--GIS trial GIS trial development in Myanmar LRCdevelopment in Myanmar LRC

Capacity Building Workshop for Literacy Resource Capacity Building Workshop for Literacy Resource CentresCentres for for Girls and Women (LRC) in Asia and the Pacific Girls and Women (LRC) in Asia and the Pacific

( 2001 CBW , 13 ( 2001 CBW , 13 –– 24 February 2001, 24 February 2001, KathmanduKathmandu, Nepal ), Nepal )

Presented by U THEIN HTUT Presented by U THEIN HTUT GEOCOMP MYANMAR ENGINEERING AND SURVEY AUTOMATION BUREAU SERVICEGEOCOMP MYANMAR ENGINEERING AND SURVEY AUTOMATION BUREAU SERVICESS

NFE-GIS ?This presentation will highlight

NFENFE--GIS ?GIS ?This presentation will highlightThis presentation will highlight

I. Introduction to the merit and potential of GIS along with examples

II. Benefit of using GIS for improvement of NFE programmes

III. Steps of GIS development

Introduction to merit and potential of‘ G I S ‘

Introduction to merit and potential ofIntroduction to merit and potential of‘‘ G I S G I S ‘‘

What is G I S ?What is G I S ?What is G I S ?

GIS is a tool that helps users analyze and integrate unprecedented amounts of information to facilitate visualization of the landscape (features) and to perform sophisticated geographic analysis.

GIS provides a computer-based method to collect, store, analyze, and display geographically referenced information in layers (themes), in the form of a map.

What is GIS ?What is GIS ?What is GIS ?

• A method tovisualize, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data

• “Smart Maps”linking a database to the map

GIS

MAPPING/SPATIALANALYSIS

TABULARATTRIBUTEDATABASE

THEMATIC MAPPINGTHEMATIC MAPPING

ID X1 X2 X3 X4A 1 2 1 4B 2 7 5 1C 6 1 3 1D 5 2 4 3E 1 3 3 1

DATAFILE

BOUNDARYFILEE

A

B

D

C

Components of a GIS include more than just computer technology. A GIS is an integrated system of users, data, hardware, and software. Data tend to be at the center of any GIS system, while the computer components of the system support data management and analysis.

Components of GISComponents of GISComponents of GIS

GIS is an integral system of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location –

• spatial location – usually a geographic location• information – visualization of analysis of data• system – linking software, hardware, data• personnel – a thinking explorer who is key to

the power of GIS

GIS is GISGIS is is

All data in a GIS are either spatial data or attribute data. Spatial data tells us where something occurs. Attribute datatells what occurs; it tells us the nature or characteristics of the spatial data.

Data in GIS Data in GIS Data in GIS


• Location Data – Where – What Kind – How Many

• Scale of Data– Local to Global

• Data Presentation– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or MapsExploring data using GIS turns data into

information into knowledge

Data For GIS ApplicationsData For GIS ApplicationsData For GIS Applications

• Databases – Tables of data– Data collection instrument / form– Collected by data collector

• Digitized and Scanned Maps– purchased, donated, free (Internet)– created by user

Data are stored in Database“Not Easy to Interpret”

Data are stored in Database“Not Easy to Interpret”

Turning Data Into (visual) Information“Worth a Thousand Words”

Turning Data Into (visual) Information“Worth a Thousand Words”

“Spatial Analysis” – not just a map

GIS – DatabasesGIS – Databases

PointsLinesPolygonsAnnotations

CoordinatesSymbolsPixels

GRAPHIC

GIS – DatabasesGIS – Databases

■■ GIS Databases exist as GRAPHIC ELEMENTS and GIS Databases exist as GRAPHIC ELEMENTS and NONGRAPHIC DATANONGRAPHIC DATA

PointsLinesPolygonsAnnotations

CoordinatesSymbolsPixels

AttributesGeocodesIndexesSpatial Data

StringNumericLogicalDatabases

GRAPHIC NONGRAPHIC

GIS presentsGIS presents

A B C D123456789

10111213141516171819202122232425

Nongraphic(Databases)Graphic (objects)

Points

Lines

Polygons

Linking Graphic and Nongraphic data Linking Graphic and Nongraphic data

Size Value

1 2,500 100,000

2 3,000 200,000

3 1,500 80,000

4 1,000 50,000

Population

A 33,000

Pop. Count Size Value

A 33,000 4 8,000 430,000

+

=

GIS DATA DISPLAYGIS DATA DISPLAY

A1 LOAM GRASS

A2 CLAY FOREST

B1 SAND GRASS

B2 SILT FOREST

SPATIAL QUERY/ANALYSISSPATIAL QUERY/ANALYSISA1 LOAM GRASS

A2 CLAY FOREST

B1 SAND GRASS

B2 SILT FOREST

Maps and Database are “Interactive”

Maps and Database are “Interactive”

ID H1 H2 H3001002003004005006007

Flat File Database

ID H1 H2 H3001002003004005006007

Flat File

One-to-One RelationH10 H11 H12 ID

A 001B 002C 003D 004E 005

ID H1 H2 H3001002003004005006007

A relational database

ID H1 H2 H3001002003004005006007

Flat File

One-to-One Relation

Many-to-One Relation

H10 H11 H12 IDA 001B 002C 003D 004E 005

ID H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7001 A002 B003 A004 A005 B006 C007 A

H10 H11 H12 IDA 001B 002C 003D 004E 005

ID H1 H2 H3001002003004005006007

Multiple Databases can be Linked and Related

Multiple Databases can be Linked and Related

Some Ways GIS is UsedSome Ways GIS is UsedSome Ways GIS is Used•• Emergency ServicesEmergency Services –– Fire & PoliceFire & Police

•• EnvironmentalEnvironmental –– Monitoring & ModelingMonitoring & Modeling•• BusinessBusiness –– Site Location, Delivery SystemsSite Location, Delivery Systems•• IndustryIndustry –– Transportation, Communication,Transportation, Communication,

Mining, Pipelines, HealthcareMining, Pipelines, Healthcare

•• GovernmentGovernment –– Local, State, Federal, MilitaryLocal, State, Federal, Military•• EducationEducation –– Research, Teaching Tool,Research, Teaching Tool,

Literacy program AdministrationLiteracy program Administration

Wherever Spatial Data Analysis Wherever Spatial Data Analysis is Neededis Needed

Population of major citiesPopulation of major cities

Site Location and Client DistanceSite Location and Client Distance

Loma Linda Hospital FacilitiesLoma Linda Hospital Facilities

Merit of GISMerit of GISMerit of GIS

• GIS maps spatial objects as graphic features – points, lines, polygons, symbol, text

• GIS provides graphic features to tabular data (attributes) – Spatial coordinates, Symbology, Descriptive

Information• GIS links a database to map spatial information• GIS provides tools for presenting spatial data

– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

States ( polygons )

•GIS maps spatial objects as graphic features – points, lines, polygons, symbol, text

•GIS maps spatial objects as graphic features – points, lines, polygons, symbol, text

Roads ( lines )

Capitals ( points )Rivers ( lines )

Lakes ( polygons )

GIS provides graphic features to tabular data (attributes)– Spatial coordinates, Symbology, Descriptive InformationGIS provides graphic features to tabular data (attributes)– Spatial coordinates, Symbology, Descriptive Information

• GIS links a database to map spatial informationMaps and Database are “Interactive”

• GIS links a database to map spatial informationMaps and Database are “Interactive”

GIS provides tools for presenting spatial data– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

GIS provides tools for presenting spatial data– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

Some more merit of GISSome more merit of GISSome more merit of GIS• GIS makes static maps dynamic

– move around by pan/zoom/jump– change symbology : lines/colors/icons/fonts– show multiple information sets– turn information sets on/off

• GIS provides graphic and Boolean selection tools for making queries– Selection by graphic features– Selection by tabular features

• GIS provides variety of analytical tools for– Classify data, Compare data– Intersect / overlay / buffer graphics features

BUFFERBUFFER

POINT LINE

POLYGON

OVERLAYOVERLAY

A1 LOAM GRASS

A2 LOAM FOREST

B1 SAND GRASS

B2 SAND FOREST

A LOAM

B SAND

+

=

1 GRASS

2 FOREST

A

B

1 2

A1 A2

B1 B2

Some more merit of GISSome more merit of GISSome more merit of GIS

• GIS enhances our communication– provide common spatial data format– promote data sharing– data consistency

• GIS expands our insights– better understanding– cross-cutting thinking– better problem solving– better decision makingThus Time and money saving

II. Benefit of using GISfor improvement of NFE programmeII. Benefit of using GISII. Benefit of using GIS

for improvement of NFE programmefor improvement of NFE programme

NFE Database LRC Level data collection Forms– Form1 - Literacy facts and figures

– Form2 - Literacy classes

– Form3 – Post-literacy classes

– Form4 – Learners

– Form5 – FacilitatorsExploring above databases using GIS will turn data into indicators to assess the status of NFE programmes.

( Ref: - P141 Development of LRC EMIS - LRC Activity Report 2000 )

Basic Literacy IndicatorsLRC level

Basic Literacy IndicatorsBasic Literacy IndicatorsLRC levelLRC level

Sample output indicators from Form 1• Indicator 1: Sex ratio• Indicator 2: Dependency ratio• Indicator 3: Household size• Indicator 4: Per-capita income• Indicator 5: Number of literate population

Number of illiterate population• Indicator 6: Literatey rate• Indicator 7: Number of literacy courses (by organizers)• Indicator 8: Qualitative information on living standard,

languages,religions, community support.• Indicator 9: Information on access to formal education( Ref: - P141 Development of LRC EMIS - LRC Activity Report 2000 )



Sample output indicators from Form 2

• Indicator 1: Total number of classes per year• Indicator 2: Total number of learners per year by gender• Indicator 3: Total number of successful learners per year by gender• Indicator 4: Completion rate• Indicator 5: Class / facilitator ratio

Indicator 6: Learner / facilitator ratio• Indicator 7: Cost per class

Cost per pupil( Ref: - P141 Development of LRC EMIS - LRC Activity Report 2000 )



Sample output indicators from Form 2 & 3

• Indicator 1: Characteristics of literacy classes• Indicator 2: Characteristics of curriculum• Indicator 3: Characteristics of teaching / learning materials• Indicator 4: Characteristics of teaching / learning strategies• Indicator 5: Qualitative information on community / learner

commitmentIndicator 6: Qualitative information on monitoring and evaluation

system





• Indicators of Characteristics of learners

Gender, age, marital status, income, educational experienceattendance, performance, social and occupational status





• Indicators of Characteristics of facilitatorss

Gender, age, marital status, qualification and teaching experience, social and occupational status.



• Location Data – Where – What Kind – How Many

• Scale of Data– Local to Global

• Data Presentation– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

Exploring data using GIS turns data into information into knowledge

Basic Literacy IndicatorsVillage Level

Basic Literacy IndicatorsBasic Literacy IndicatorsVillage Level

• Indicator 1: Percentage of income increased family• Indicator 2: Percentage of using literacy skills and usage of

frequency• Indicator 3: Percentage of families with improved lifestyle• Indicator 4: Percentage of families who used the skill training

( Ref: National workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literac( Ref: National workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literacy and y and CECE programmesprogrammes in Myanmar )in Myanmar )

Basic Literacy IndicatorsLearning Center Level

Basic Literacy IndicatorsBasic Literacy IndicatorsLearning Center Level

• Indicator 1: Percentage of illiterate adults (15-45) enrolled • Indicator 2: Percentage of dropout learners• Indicator 3: Percentage of completed learners• Indicator 4: Average ratio of trainers / trainees• Indicator 5: Percentage of learners who have access to teaching –

learning material• Indicator 6: Percentage of budgetted funds available and used• Indicator 7: Flexibility of training period• Indicator 8: Sufficient amount of training hours• Indicator 9: Availability of training venue• Indicator 10: Correct use of training methodology

( Ref: National workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literac( Ref: National workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literacy and CEy and CEprogrammesprogrammes in Myanmar )in Myanmar )

Basic Literacy IndicatorsCLC Level

Basic Literacy IndicatorsBasic Literacy IndicatorsCLC Level

• Indicator 1: Population of illiterates between ages 15 ~ 45• Indicator 2: Percentage of Targeted learners enrolled (by gender)• Indicator 3: Percentage of learners who dropout• Indicator 4: Number of instructors• Indicator 5: Number of NGO volunteers• Indicator 6: Amount of learning periods• Indicator 7: Percentage of average attendance (by gender)• Indicator 8: Facilities (stationeries, manuals) received by

implementing agency• Indicator 9: Number of meetings conducted by management• Indicator 10: Rate of completion (by level)• Indicator 11: Percentage of graduates who enter post-literacy

programmes




• Indicator 12: Number of learners who read newspaper, journals(educational & recreational), advertisements, etc.After completion the programme

• Indicator 13: Number of learners who know the income generation programmes

• Indicator 14: Percentage of coordination in village communitylearning centers

• Indicator 15: Skills acquired from income generation programmes




• Indicator 16: Number of household• Indicator 17: Size of population in that community• Indicator 18: Percentage of illiterates/literates by age and sex

(5 ~ 9, 10 ~ 14, 15 ~ 45 )• Indicator 19: Number of volunteer teachers to be recruited• Indicator 20: Number of instructors to train trainers


Adult female literacy And Accessibility index

Adult female literacy And Accessibility index

Adult female literacy Adult female literacy

III. Steps of GIS DevelopmentIII. Steps of GIS Development

•• Data captureData capture•• Data storage and manipulationData storage and manipulation•• Data analysisData analysis•• Data displayData display

Data CaptureData Capture

•• Attribute data: keyedAttribute data: keyed--in, loaded in, loaded from existing data filesfrom existing data files

•• Graphic data: digitized, scanned, Graphic data: digitized, scanned, converted from existing dataconverted from existing data

Creating Feature DataCreating Feature DataCreating Feature Data

•• Table DigitizingTable Digitizing traces traces objects on a paper mapobjects on a paper map–– Uses a digitizing tabletUses a digitizing tablet

•• HeadsHeads--up Digitizingup Digitizingtraces objects on traces objects on the screenthe screen–– Scanned map, air Scanned map, air

photo or satellite photo or satellite imageimage

TWO METHODSTWO METHODS::

Tracing FeaturesTracing FeaturesTracing Features

•• Once Raster data is referenced, vector feature can Once Raster data is referenced, vector feature can be traced in order to create a new be traced in order to create a new vector themevector theme::

Dashed box around visibility selector

indicates theme is “editable”.

Creating Attribute DataCreating Attribute DataCreating Attribute Data•• Create a new attribute tableCreate a new attribute table

–– In ArcViewIn ArcView

–– In a spreadsheet or database programIn a spreadsheet or database program

•• You can join table to existing map. You can join table to existing map.

Data Storage and Data Storage and ManipulationManipulation

•• File management:File management:graphic and attribute datagraphic and attribute data

•• Editing:Editing:graphic and attribute datagraphic and attribute data

Data EditingData EditingData Editing

•• Data stored in tables (spreadsheets)Data stored in tables (spreadsheets)–– Tables composed of Tables composed of RecordsRecords–– Records composed of Records composed of FieldsFields

•• New tables can be created, and data New tables can be created, and data added and changed...added and changed...

Data EditingData EditingData Editing

•• Data stored in tables (spreadsheets)Data stored in tables (spreadsheets)–– Tables composed of Tables composed of RecordsRecords–– Records composed of Records composed of FieldsFields

•• New tables can be created, and data New tables can be created, and data added and changed...added and changed...

Asking A Question – Query Interaction

Asking A Question – Query Interaction

Data AnalysisData Analysis

•• Database (Table) query: Database (Table) query: From the map and to the mapFrom the map and to the map

•• Spatial analysisSpatial analysis

Table QueryTable QueryTable Query

•• ArcView can answer questions about ArcView can answer questions about the attribute data...the attribute data...–– How many How many LRCsLRCs had learners of more than had learners of more than

100000 in the year 2000?100000 in the year 2000?

Spatial QuerySpatial QuerySpatial Query

•• ArcView can answer questions ArcView can answer questions about the location of entities...about the location of entities...–– How many learner households exist How many learner households exist

within 500m of the main road?within 500m of the main road?

Data DisplayData Display

•• MapsMaps•• ReportsReports•• Interactive analysis and Interactive analysis and

presentation withpresentation withWords, Charts, Graphs, Tables, Maps, Photos or Video

Thematic MapsThematic MapsThematic Maps

•• ArcView supports thematic mapping...ArcView supports thematic mapping...

Graduated ColourGraduated Colour

Chart MapsChart Maps

Graphs / ChartsGraphs / ChartsGraphs / Charts

•• charts and graphs based on map data... charts and graphs based on map data...

Pie ChartPie Chart

Map PrintoutMap PrintoutMap Printout

•• Bring everything together in a Layout...Bring everything together in a Layout...

Map ViewsMap Views LegendLegend

TextText

GraphsGraphs

Scale BarScale Bar

NorthNorthArrowArrow

Display Data with MultimediaDisplay Data with MultimediaDisplay Data with Multimedia

ACCU LRCs ‘ G I S ‘ will be alike ACCU LRCs ACCU LRCs ‘‘ G I S G I S ‘‘ will be alike will be alike

THE ENDTHE ENDTHE END

THANK YOU

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