new eriophyoid mites (acari: eriophyoidea) from australia

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New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) fromAustraliaDanuta K. Knihinicki a & Jan Boczek ba Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit, Orange Agricultural Institute, Forest Rd, Orange,NSW, 2800, Australia E-mail:b Department of Applied Entomology, Warsaw Agricultural University, ul. Nowoursynowska166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland E-mail:Published online: 17 Mar 2009.

To cite this article: Danuta K. Knihinicki & Jan Boczek (2002): New eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from Australia,International Journal of Acarology, 28:3, 241-249

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Vol. 28, No. 3 Internat. J. Acarol. 241

NEW ERIOPHYOID MITES (ACARI: ERIOPHYOIDEA) FROM AUSTRALIA

Danuta I~ Knihinicki 1 and Jan Boczek 2 1. NSW Agriculture, Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit, Orange Agricultural Institute, Forest Rd, Orange, NSW,

2800, Australia, e-mail: [email protected]; 2. Department of Applied Entomology, Warsaw Agricul- tural University, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland, e-mail: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T - A new species of eriophyoid nothopodine mite from Australia is described and illustrated. Floracarus perrepae n. sp, causes leaf curling of the Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. and Lygodium reticulatum Schk. (Schizaeaceae) in Queensland. This species was also collected from L. microphyllum in China and New Caledonia and is the first record of the genus from Australia. Ten eriophyoid species new to the Australian fauna are recorded: Oxycenus maxwelli (Keifer) on olive, Olea europaea L.; Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa) on pear, Pyrus communis L.; Cisaberoptus kenyae Keifer (also a new record for West Timor, Indonesia), Neocalacarus mangiferae Channabasavanna and Tegonotus mangiferae (Keller) on mango, Mangifera indica L.; Diptilomiopus assamica Keifer on citrus, Citrus limon (L.) Burro. f.;Acalitus essigi (Hassan) on blackberry, Rubusfruticosus L. ;Aceria magnoliae (Keifer) on yulan tree, Magnolia denudata Desr.; Aceria fraxiniflora (Felt) on golden ash tree, Fraxinus sp. and Phytoptus hedericola Keifer on English ivy, Hedera helix L. Key words - Acari, Diptilomiopidae, Eriophyidae, Phytoptidae, eriophyid mites, taxonomy, Australia.

I N T R O D U C T I O N

Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. (also known as climbing maidenhair fern and small-leaf climbing fern) is native to parts of Africa, South Africa, temperate and tropical Asia, Australia (Northern Ten-itory, Queensland, Western Australia) and the Pacific region. It is naturalised elsewhere (Wiersema 2001) and has become an aggressive weed in some areas such as the wetlands of Florida, USA (Pemberton and Ferriter, 1998). No effective method for the control of L. microphyllum exists and natural biological control agents are being sought globally to help minimise its spread (Goolsby et al., 2001). Some promising organisms, including the new eriophyoid species described here have been discovered. The biology and host specificity of this mite are currently being studied in Australia by S. K. Ozman (unpublished data, 2001).

The genus Floracarus Keifer (1953) is recorded from Australia for the first time. Species in this genus have been reported from the USA (Florida), India, South Africa and South America (Brazil, Colombia and Vene-

zuela). Floracarus perrepae n. sp. was found damaging Lygodium microphyllum in Australia, China and New Caledonia.

To date, only 27 eriophyoid species have been described from ferns. A study of ferns in New Zealand by Manson and Gerson (1986) revealed that an abundant eriophyoid fauna exists on the Pteridophyta. Floracarus perrepae n. sp. is the first eriophyoid mite species to be described from the fern family Schizaeaceae.

This paper also records ten eriophyoid mite species that are new to the Australian fauna. These include species from economic host plants such as mango, pear, olive, citrus, blackberry and ornamentals. The eriophyoid genera Oxycenus Keifer, Cisaberoptus Keifer, Neocalacarus Channabasavanna, Tegonotus Nalepa and Acalitus Keifer are all new to the Australian fauna.

M A T E R I A L S A N D M E T H O D S

Specimens were collected from plants and mounted on microscope slides in modified Berlese medium (Am- fine and Manson, 1996) and Hoyer's medium (Jeppson et

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242 Knihinicki & Boczek 2002

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Figs. 1-8. Floracarus perrepae n. sp. (all female except Fig. 5) - 1. Dorsal view; 2. Lateral view; 3. Genitalia and coxae; 4. Apodeme of genitalia; 5. Male genitalia; 6. Lateral view of Legs I and II; 7. Tarsal empodium and solenidion; 8. Lateral view of dorsal and ventral annuli region.

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al., 1975). All measurements are in micrometers (~tm) with measured ranges in parentheses.

The following abbreviations are used in this paper: ASCU = Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit, Orange, NSW; SGGW = Department of Applied Entomology, Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland; QM = Queens- land Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland; NSW = New South Wales; NT = Northern Territory of Australia; Qld = Queensland; Yas = Tasmania.

E R I O P H Y I D A E

Genus Floracarus Keifer

Floracarus Keifer, 1953: 69.

Type species - Floracarus calonyctionis Keifer, 1953.

Floracarus perrepae n. sp. (F igs 1-8)

F E M A L E - Body length 194 (range of 10 specimens 173-226), 60 wide; 60 thick; fusiform; milky white in color. Gnathosoma: 21 long; antapical seta (d) 2 long. Chelicerae 11 long, almost straight. Prodorsal shield: 37 (36-38) long, subtriangular, 51 wide, with a very small frontal lobe over gnathosoma, 3 long; intricate design with well-defined median and admedian lines, with 2 to 3 ob- scure, transverse cross-lines; submedian lines forming a wavy pattern, extending directly from dorsal tubercles and leading upwards to a network of elliptical cells proximally between admedian and submedian lines, with a series of undulating, transverse and longitudinal lines, extending laterad, coalescing into a curvy circular pattern or forming series of irregularly shaped triangular cells. Dorsal tubercles, cylindrical, 6 ahead of rear shield margin, 21 apart; dorsal setae (sc) 20 (18-20) long, directed to rear and slightly converging. Legs: Leg I. 26 long, tibia greatly reduced; tarsus 8 long; solenidion (¢o) 6 long, slightly tapered; empodium (era) 6 long, 4-rayed. Leg II 26 long; tibia greatly reduced; tarsus 9 long; solenidion (co) 7 long, slightly tapered; empodium 6 long, 4-rayed. Sternum absent. First forecoxal tubercles (lb) absent; second coxal tubercles (la) 10 apart, setae 21 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 24 apart, setae 30 long. Coxae evenly granulate, with very small spinules; coxae I broadly fused. Genitalia: Between ventral annuli 3 and 7, 14 long and 23 wide; coverflap with fine granulations proximally and 2-4 cres- centric scorings present in two halves distally; genital setae (3a) 21 long; tubercles 14 apart. Opisthosoma: With 70 (63-76) dorsal and 64 (56-65) ventral annuli. No ridges or troughs present. Microtubercles sparsely present on dorsal annuli consisting of very small spinules laterad

from about dorsal annulus 46 to 70. Microtubercles on ventral annuli triangular in shape, sharply pointed, becom- ing longitudinal on about annulus 12 from rear. Lateral setae (c2) 43 (37-49) long, on ventral annulus 9 (8-9); first ventral setae (d) 61 (53-68) long, on ventral annulus 21 (16-22); second ventral setae (e) 40 (30-45) long, on ventral annulus 36 (29-37); third ventral setae (J) 13 (13-20) long, on ventral annulus 8 from rear. Accessory seta (hl) absent. Caudal setae (h2) 68 (50-70) long.

M A L E - 169 long; prodorsal shield 35 long; opisthosoma with 64 dorsal and 58 ventral annuli; genitalia 18 wide; genital setae (3a) 12 long, tubercles 14 apart.

N Y M P H - 145 long; prodorsal shield 34 long, with distinct median and admedian lines, no other lines present; opisthosoma with 43 dorsal annuli, sparsely microtuber- culate, with small spinules; genital setae (3a) 10 long, 8 apart.

TYPE MATERIAL - Holotype female ex curled leaf edges of Old world climbing fern, Lygodium microphyl- lure in glasshouse, CSIRO, Long Pocket Laboratories, Brisbane (USDA-Biocontrol Project), Brisbane, Qld, Australia, J. Goolsby, 28.iii.2000. Deposited in ASCU. The plants were originally collected from Logan, Qld. Paratypes (24 preparations in ASCU and 6 preparations in QM). Additional paratype female specimens on same preparation as holotype.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED - On 17 micro- scopic preparations (all in ASCU unless mentioned other- wise): 2 preparations, ex L. microphyllum, causing curling and distortion of leaflets, 27°40.1 'S 153°15.9'E, Lagoon Rd, 45 km South of Brisbane, Qld, 3.xii.1996, J.R. Mak- inson; 7 preparations in ASCU; 4 preparations in SGGW, ex L. microphyllum, causing rolling of leaf edges, 26°30.4"S 153°05.5'E, Peregian National Park, 104.5 km North of Brisbane, 12.v. 1997, K. Galway; 2 preparations, ex Lygodium reticulatum, causing leaf curling, Tully, 13.ix.2000, J. Goolsby; ex L. reticulatum, causing leaf curling, Eubenangle Swamp National Park, 13.ix.2000, J. Goolsby and M. Purcell, 2 preparations, ex L. microphyl- lure, causing leaf curling, Guandong Tea Institute, Guan- dong Province, China, 7.xi.2000, A.D. Wright, 2 preparations, ex L. microphyllum, Yate, New Caledonia, v. 2001.

HOST PLANT - Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. and Lygodium reticulatum Schk., Schizaeaceae.

RELATION TO HOST PLANT - Causing severe curling and rolling of leaf edges.

ETYMOLOGY - The species name is based on an Aboriginal word from the Wembawemba language, °per- repa' meaning 'to climb trees' (Thieberger and McGregor, 1999). It reflects the climbing habit of Lygodium microphyllum, on which the new species, F. perrepae, lives.

DIAGNOSIS The most significant character whereby Floracarus can be separated from other genera

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such as Nothopoda, is the position of the tarsal solenidion (co) on tarsus I. In Floracarus, this is situated on the inner side (laterally) of tarsus I as opposed to the normal dorsal position. The unusual position of the tarsal solenidion (co) on tarsus I in Floracarus was first proposed as a major character of the genus by Keifer (1953). For Floracarus, additional characters of importance are: body vermiform or fusiform; prodorsal tubercles often cylindrical in shape, directing dorsal setae (sc) dorsad, posteriad or laterad; first coxal plates fused; first setiferous coxal tubercles (lb) absent; legs with tibiae absent or greatly reduced (Meyer and Ueckermann, 1997).

The new species, Floracarus perrepae, is close to Floraearus pollachiensis Mohanasundarum (1980) but differs in the following characters: shape and pattern of prodorsal shield, distance between dorsal tubercles, body length, number of dorsal annuli, shape of microtubercules on ventral annuli, lengths of tarsal solenidia (c0) on legs I and II, length of lateral setae (c2), first ventral setae (d) and second ventral setae (e). In F. pollachiensis the prodorsal shield is rounded proximally and has a very short broad lobe over the gnathosoma (this is subtriangular in F. perrepae with a very small, narrow frontal lobe). The distance between the dorsal tubercles in F. pollachiensis is 35 (21 in F. perrepae). The body length of F. pollachiensis is 165-170 (173-226 in F. perrepae). Flora- earus pollachiensis has 55 smooth dorsal annuli (F. perrepae has 70 (68-76), with small spinules sparsely located laterad from about ventral annulus 46 to the rear). In F. pollachiensis, the microtubercles on the ventral annuli are rounded (these are pointed and variably triangular in F. perrepae). The lengths of the tarsal solenidia (co) on legs I and II in F. pollachiensis are short (4 long) compared to 6 and 7 respectively, in F. perrepae n. sp. The opisthoso- mal setae in F. pollachiensis are shorter compared to those ofF. perrepae: lateral setae (c2) 16 long (43 long in F. perrepae), first ventral setae (d) 25 long (61 long in F. perrepae) and second ventral setae (e) 8 long (40 long in F, perrepae). This species was described from an unde- termined plant in India, hence host data comparisons were not possible. However, Mohanasundarum (1980) noted that F. pollachiensis was a vagrant on the leaf surface of its host plant whereas F. perrepae caused leaf curling on L. microphyllum and L. reticulatum.

Oxycenus maxweUi (Keifer)

Oxypleurites maxwelli Keifer, 1939b: 152. Oxycenus maxwelli, Keifer, 1961: 7.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Oxycenus maxwelli was first collected from young olive leaves, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae); Denman, Hunter Valley, NSW

on 27.i. 2000 by B. Eglington. Knihinicki (2000) provided information about its possible significance and distribution in Australia at the time. The olive bud mite was previously known from Algeria, Armenia, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Portugal and the USA. It is found on O. europaea L. in Australia and known to be a leaf vagrant as well as an inhabitant of leaf axils, causing distortion of young plants.

Measurements of important characters in Australian specimens of Oxycenus maxwelli were as follows. Fe- male: Body length 184 (range of 10 specimens 180-195) long, 72 wide; prodorsal shield 47 (45-50) long; opisthosoma with 61 (59-64) ventral annuli; lateral setae (c2) 41 long, on ventral annulus 13; first ventral setae (d) 45 long, on ventral annulus 26; second ventral setae (e) 19 long, on ventral annulus 41; third ventral setae (J) 31 long, on ventral annulus 4-5 from rear; accessory setae (hl) present, 2 long; female genitalia 19 long, 29 wide; genital setae (3a) 17 long. Male: 152 long; prodorsal shield 42 long.

The original description of Oxycenus maxwelli is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: Dorsal tubercles 35 apart; first forecoxal tubercles (lb) 12 apart, setae 8 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 11 apart, setae 25 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 28 apart, setae 38 long; geni*.al tubercles 17 apart. Male: Opisthosoma with 21 dorsal and 46 ventral annuli; genital tubercles, 15 apart. Nymph: 139 long; prodorsal shield 34 long; opisthosoma with 34 dorsal annuli; genital setae (3a) 10 long, 10 apart.

Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa)

Tegonotus piri Nalepa, 1891a: 162 nomen nudum (Newkirk, 1984; Amrine and Stasny, 1994).

Tegonotus piri Nalepa, 1891b: 883. Trirnerus piri (Nalepa, 1892): 155. Epitrimerus p#q Nalepa, 1929: 105, piri designated geno-

type by Keifer, 1966b: 2-3. Epitrimerus pirifoliae Keifer, 1939a: 309, synonomy

Keifer, 1946a: 569; Keifer, 1952: 55. Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa); Keifer, 1946a: 565, 569.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Epitri- merus pyri was first collected near Cobram, Goulbum Valley, Victoria on 19.i.2000 by R. Fox. It was causing rusting and browning of leaves ofPyrus communis L. var. Sophia's Pride (Rosaceae). The pear rust mite was previously recognised from Armenia, Austria, Bosnia, Can- ada, Chile, China, Croatia, Egypt, England, Finland, Ger- many, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Montenegro, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Sweden, USA, and Yugoslavia. It inhabits P. communis and causes se-

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vere browning of foliage and russeting of fruit. Epitrimerus pirifoliae Keifer (1939a) is a junior synonym of E. pyri.

Specimens from Australia differed from the original description of Epitrimerus pyri as follows. Female: 199 (range of 10 specimens 170-243) long, 68 wide; dorsal tubercles 22 apart, dorsal setae (sc) 14 (10-16) long, opisthosoma with 48 (41-53) dorsal and 84 (71-86) ventral annuli; lateral setae (c2) 33 long, on ventral annuli 19-20; first ventral setae (d) 80 long, on ventral annulus 35; second ventral setae (e) 25 long, on ventral annulus 62; third ventral setae (]) 40 long, on ventral annulus 6 from rear; female genitalia 19 long, 25 wide; genital setae (3a) 51 long. Male: 165 long; genital setae (3a) 36 long.

The original description of Epitrimerus pyri is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 16 apart, setae 12 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 10 apart, setae 16 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 30 apart, setae 42 long; genital tubercles 17 apart. Male: Prodorsal shield 46 long; opisthosoma with 45 dorsal and 72 ventral annuli; tubercles 17 apart. Nymph: 125 long; prodorsal shield 36 long; opisthosoma with 47 dorsal aunuli; genital setae (3a) 12 long, 10 apart.

Cisaberoptus kenyae Keifer

Cisaberoptus kenyae Keifer, 1966a: 2. C&aberoptus kenyae Keifer; Navia and Flechtmann,

2000: 77.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Cisabe- roptus kenyae was first collected from Berrimah Research Farm, Berrimah, N.T., feeding under waxy secretions on the leaves of mango, Mangifera indica L., (Ana- cardiaceae) on 6.x. 1992 by E. Crowson. Cisaberoptus kenyae has also been collected from the foliage of mango in Kupang, West Timor, Indonesia on 13.xi.1993 by E. S.C. Smith. This is also a new geographical distribution record. The mango-leaf- coating mite was first described from Kenya. It is also known from Brazil, Costa Rica, Egypt, India, Thailand and Sudan. Cisaberoptus kenyae inhabits the leaves of mango and causes a whitish, waxy coating.

Measurements of important characters of Cis- aberoptus kenyae from Australia were as follows. Female (n=l): Body length 150 long, 50 wide; prodorsal shield 35 long; dorsal tubercles 32 apart, dorsal setae (sc) 18 long. First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 13 apart, setae 4 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 14 apart, setae 14 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 32 apart, setae 33 long; female genitalia 11 long, 30 wide; genital tubercles 14 apart with genital setae (3a) 7 long. Opisthosoma of 52 dorsal annuli

and 64 ventral annuli. Lateral setae (c2) 11 long, on ventral annulus 9; first ventral setae (d) 19 long, on ventral annulus 21; second ventral setae (e) 38 long, on ventral annulus 34; third ventral setae (fi 11 long, on ventral annulus 6 from rear.

Neocalacarus mangiferae Channabasavanna, 1966

Neocalacm~ts mangiferae Channabasavanna, 1966: 101. Neocalacarus mangiferae Channabasavanna; Navia and

Flechtmann, 2000: 73.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Neocala- carus mangiferae was first collected from mango buds, Mangifera indiea, at Manbulla Station near Katherine, N.T., on 14.vii. 1985 by G.R. Strickland. It was later collected from mango leaves at Darwin River, N.T., on 3.ix. 1990 by E.S.C. Smith and from mango leaf buds, near Knott's Crossing, N.T., on 17.xi.1993 by E.SC. Smith and M. Neal. This species has most recently been collected from the leaves and stems ofM. indica at Bemmah Research Farm, Horticultural Orchard, Berrimah, N.Y., on 17.viii.1999, by L. Zhang. It was first described from India (Channabasavanna, 1966) and was recently recorded from Brazil (Nfivia and Flechtmann, 2000). Neocalacarus mangiferae inhabits the leaves of mango but causes no apparent damage.

Measurements of important characters of Neocala- carus mangiferae from Australia were as follows. Female (n=l): Body length 162 long, 64 wide; prodorsal shield 49 long; dorsal tubercles 31 apart, dorsal setae (sc) 10 long. Opisthosoma with 59 ventral microtuberculated annuli; first forecoxal tubercles (lb) 10 apart, setae 7 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 11 apart, setae 16 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 24 apart, setae 20 long; genital tubercles 13 apart, genital setae (3a) 12 long.

Tegonotus mangiferae (Keifer)

Oxypleurites mangiferae, 1946b: 43. Tegonotus mangiferae (Keifer); Jeppson, Keifer and

Baker, 1975: 484. Tegonotus mangiferae (Keifer); Navia and Flechtmann,

2000: 75.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Tegonotus mangiferae was found in association with Neocalacarus mangiferae on the young leaves and stems of mango, Mangifera indica, at Berrimah Research Farm, Horticul- tural Orchard, Berrirnah, N.T, on 27.viii.1999, by L. Zhang. This species was known from Brazil, Hawaii, Egypt and India where it is a leaf vagrant on mango causing no apparent damage.

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Tegonotus mangiferae from Australia had the following measurements of key characters. Female: 71 wide; prodorsal shield 58 (54-58) long, dorsal tubercles 24 apart, dorsal setae (sc) minute, 2 (range of 5 specimens = 2) long. First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 11 apart, setae 7 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 7 apart, setae 18 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 23 apart, setae 35 long; female genitalia 13 long, 20 wide; genital tubercles 15 apart, genital setae (3a) 16 long. Opisthosoma with 71 (65-71) ventral annuli. Lateral setae (c2) 24 long, on ventral annulus 17; first ventral setae (d) 33 long, on ventral annulus 28; second ventral setae (e) 5 long, on ventral annulus 43; third ventral setae (1') 16 long, on ventral annulus 5 from rear. Male: 139 long; prodorsal shield 49 long. Opis- thosoma with 21 dorsal and 57 ventral annuli; genitalia 14 wide; genital setae (3a) 13 long, tubercles 11 apart.

Acalitus essigi (Hassan)

Eriophyes essigi Hassan, 1928: 380; Keifer, 1941: 205. Aceria essigi (Hassan), sensu Keifer, 1952: 28. Acalitus essigi (Hassan); Jeppson, Keifer and Baker,

1975: 463; Keifer, 1982: 126.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Acalitus essigi was first collected on 17.vi. 1976 from Grove, Tas- mania, where it was found feeding within the buds of raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., var. Lloyd George and thorn- less evergreen blackberry (Rosaceae). This species was later found on the mainland of Australia infesting weedy blackberries, Rubus fruticosus L. (unknown variety), McGonigle's property, Cooyal (near Mudgee), NSW on 25.iv.1994, by D.K. Knihinicki and Dural, NSW, on 9.ii. 1995, by A.W. Nicholls. The blackberry gall mite, A. essigi, was previously recognised from Austria, Canada, England, France, Germany, New Zealand, Poland and the USA where it inhabits Rubus spp., especially blackberries. It feeds on fruits and retards ripening (De Lillo and Duso, 1996).

Acalitus essigi from Australia was compared with the original descriptions of Hassan (1928) and Keifer (1941) and the following differences in measurements were noted. Female: (n=l) Body length 178 long, 44 wide; prodorsal shield 25 long; dorsal tubercles 20 apart; opisthosoma with 73 dorsal and 67 ventral annuli; lateral setae @2) 14 long, on ventral annulus 9; first ventral setae (d) 45 long, on ventral annulus 21; accessory setae (hl) tubercles present, setae minute; female genitalia 8 long, 16 wide; genital setae (3a) 10 long.

The descriptions of Hassan (1928) and Keifer (1941) are supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 9 apart, setae 5 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 10 apart,

setae 13 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 18 apart, setae 31 long; genital tubercles 12 apart.

Aceria magnoliae (Keifer)

Eriophyes magnoliae Keifer, 1939c: 335. Aceria magnoliae (Keifer); Amrine and Stasny, 1994: 62.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Aceria magnoliae was first collected from the hairy leaves of yulan tree, Magnolia denudata Descr. (Magnoliaceae) at Mt Pleasant, NSW, on 28.xii. 1999, by M.J. Fletcher and on 7.i.2000, by R. Muston. No damage symptoms that could be attributed to A. magnoliae were observed. This species was previously known only from the hairy flower buds of Magnolia fraseri Walt., Magnolia soulangiana Soul. and Magnolia stellata (Sieb. and Zucc.) Maxim. in the USA (California, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, West Virginia) (Baker et al., 1996).

Specimens ofAceria magnoliae collected from Aus- tralia differed from the original description as follows. Female: Body width 49; prodorsal shield 31 (range of 10 specimens 31-34) long; dorsal tubercles 23 apart, dorsal setae (sc) 14 (13-16) long; opisthosoma with 44 (44-58) dorsal annuli; lateral setae (c2) 17 long, on ventral annulus 14; first ventral setae (d) 40 long, on ventral annulus 25; second ventral setae (e) 42 long, on ventral annulus 43; third ventral setae (/) 15 long, on ventral annulus 7 from rear; accessory setae (hi) present, 3 long; genitalia 9 long, 19 wide; genital setae (3a) 11 long.

The original description ofAceria magnoliae is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 13 apart, setae 11 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 11 apart, setae 25 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 23 apart, setae 37 long; genital tubercles 12 apart. Male: 19l long; prodorsal shield 31 long; opisthosoma with 46 dorsal and 70 ventral annuli; genitalia 18 wide; genital setae (3a) 12 long, tubercles 14 apart. Nymph: 154 long; prodorsal shield 28 long; opisthosoma with 48 dorsal annuli; genital setae (3a) 5 long, 8 apart.

Aceria fraxiniflora (Felt)

Eriophyesfraxiniflora Felt, 1906: 620, 633-634, no fig. Eriophyesfraxinivorus Nalepa, 1909, 1929:138: replace-

ment name for Phytoptus fraxini Karpelles, 1884; Amrine and Stasny, 1994; synonomy Baker et aL, 1996: 152.

Eriophyes fraxinivorus americanus Kendall, 1929: 308- 311.

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Aceria fraxinivorus americanus (Kendall), synonomy Amrine and Stasny, 1994: 48; Baker et aL, 1996: 152.

Aceriafraxiniflora, Amrine and Stasny, 1994: 152; Am- rine and Stasny, 1996: 296.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - Aceriafraxiniflora was first described from white ash, Fraxinus americana (Oleaceae), causing galling and distortion of floral tissue. It was only known previously from the USA (Massachu- setts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon) (Baker et al., 1996). Aceria fraxiniflora also occurs on other Fraxinus spp. Aceria nimia Hall, 1967 and Aceria fraxinivorus americanus (Kendall, 1929) as cited in Baker et al. (1996), are junior synonyms ofA. fraxiniflora. In Austra- lia, A. fraxiniflora was first found on leaf samples from an ash tree, Fraxinus sp., Mudgee NSW, collected on 1.iii. 1999 by B. Clarke. It was not causing any visible damage.

Specimens of Aceria. fraxiniflora from Australia differed from the description of Baker et al. (1996) as follows. Female: Body length 200 (range of 6 specimens 174-285) long, 68 wide; dorsal setae (sc) 32 (32-33) long, opisthosoma with 42 (42-44) dorsal and 64 (61-65) ventral annuli; accessory setae (hl) 4 long; genital setae (3a) 27 long.

The description of Aceria fraxiniflora in Baker et al. (1996) is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: Prodorsal shield 40 (38-40) long; dorsal tubercles 38 apart; first forecoxal tubercles (lb) 12 apart, setae 13 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 10 apart, setae 35 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 27 apart, setae 48 long; lateral setae (c2) 33 long, on ventral annulus 19; first ventral setae (d) 70 long, on ventral annulus 29; second ventral setae (e) 21 long, on ventral annulus 44; third ventral setae (]) 29 long, on ventral annulus 5 from rear; genitalia 16 long, 23 wide; genital tubercles 16 apart.

DIPTILOMIOPIDAE

Diptilomiopus assamica Keifer

Diptilomiopus assamica Keifer, 1959:14.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Dip- tilomiopus assamica was found in association with the citrus rust mite, Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) on Citrus limon (L.) Burro. f. (Rutaceae) at Berrimah Re- search Farm, Horticultural Orchard, Berrimah, N.T., on 19.iii. 1999, by L. Zhang. This species had previously only been found in India (Jorhat, Assam) on citrus including Citrus limonia Osb. and other varieties of oranges where

it may have been responsible for rusting of leaves (Keifer 1959).

Diptilomiopus assamica from Australia differed from the original description as follows: Female (n=l): Body length 126 long, 71 wide; prodorsal shield 29 long; dorsal tubercles 31 apart; opisthosoma with 48 dorsal and 57 ventral annuli; first ventral setae (d) 16 long, on ventral annulus 19; second ventral setae (e) 8 long, on ventral annulus 32; accessory setae (hi) present, extremely m- inute (0.5 long); genitalia 14 long, 24 wide; genital setae (3a) 8 long.

The original description of D. assamica is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: Second coxal tubercles (la) 7 apart, setae 17 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 23 apart, setae 35 long; empodia 5-rayed, divided; genital tubercles 15 apart.

PHYTOPTIDAE

Phytoptus hedericola Keifer

Phytoptus hedericola Keifer, 1943: 212.

MATERIAL EXAMINED - In Australia, Phytoptus hedericola was first collected in Kite Street, Orange NSW, on 3.ix.2000, by D.K. Knihinicki from the curled leaf-edges of English ivy, Hedera helix L. (Araliaceae). This species was known from South Africa and the USA where it infests the leaf buds and petiole bases of H. helix resulting in leaf deformation.

Specimens of Phytoptus hedericola from Australia differed from the original description as follows. Female (n=l): 44 wide; prodorsal shield 24 long; dorsal tubercles 17 apart, dorsal setae (sc) 13 long, directed upwards and converging; anterior paired external vertical setae (ve) 9 long, tubercles 23 apart; lateral setae (c2) 22 long, on ventral annulus 10-11; first ventral setae (at) 35 long, on ventral annulus 22; second ventral setae (e) 13 long, on ventral annulus 34; third ventral setae (3') 18 long, on ventral annulus 6 from rear; female genitalia 16 long, 18 wide; genital tubercles 17 apart, genital setae (3a) 8 long.

The original description of Phytoptus hedericola is supplemented with measurements of the following characters. Female: First forecoxal tubercles (lb) 9 apart, setae 8 long; second coxal tubercles (la) 10 apart, setae 15 long; hindcoxal tubercles (2a) 22 apart, setae 33 long; empodium 5-rayed.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We extend our thanks to: Dr. John Goolsby, USDA- ARS/CSIRO, Australian Biological Control Laboratory, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia, for specimens of

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Floracarus perrepae n. sp.; Dr. Aoxiang Shi, Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland, for advice and help with some of the figures; Dr. Murray Fletcher, ASCU, for valuable discussions on nomenclature; Mrs. Lanni Zhang, DPI & F, Berrimah Research Farm, Berrimah, N.T., for the specimens ofT. mangiferae and D. assamica and Mrs. Margaret Williams, DPIF & W, Tasmania, for the loan of specimens from Tasmanian berry fruit. We also thank Dr. James W. Amrine Jr., University of West Virginia, Mor- gantown, USA, and Dr. Enrico de Lillo, Universit/~ degli Studi di Bail, Italy, for making available a copy of their eomputerised data base (draft catalog) on eriophyoid mites of the world.

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Keifer, H. H., E. W. Baker, T. Kono, M. Delfinado and W. E. Styer. 1982. An illustrated guide to plant abnormalities caused by eriophyid mites in North America. USDA, ARS, Agric. Handbook No. 573. 178 pp.

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new eriophyoid mites (acari: eriophyoidea) from australia

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