ncr report

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1 DELHI – NCR Metropolitan Region Governance By-Thangula Harish, Rohit Dabas, Masters of urban and rural planning, department of architecture & planning, IIT Roorkee. Regional planning Background: It has been more than two decades that the National Capital Regional Plan was formulated for decentralizing economic activities from National Capital Territory of Delhi to Delhi Metropolitan Area (now called CNCR) and other towns of NCR. Gaining from the experience of planning National Capital Region (NCR), this evaluation study of DMA Towns attempts to assess their administrative governance, economic and transportation structure. The NCR is already witnessing boom in real estate development and with efforts of the State Governments concerned to develop Special Economic Zones, Hi-Tech Cities, Industrial Estates etc., are bound to have spread effect on the vast hinterland. I. INTRODUCTION Ever since the NCR Plan - 2001, was formulated, the development of ‘Delhi Metropolitan Area Towns’ (DMA) has been receiving attention as important urban centers in the National Capital Region. Almost 20 years have passed since the formulation of NCR Plan - 2001and now, the NCR Plan - 2021has also been notified. Hence, it is pertinent to explore the developments in DMA towns - whether they have been helpful in fulfilling the objectives of NCR Plan, what has been their overall role in contributing towards the economic development of NCR and also how far they have offset the role of NCT Delhi in terms of urban primacy. NCT Delhi has been experiencing rapid population growth and there has been no respite from unprecedented migration from small and medium towns and rural areas of the vast hinterland. On an average about 3 lakh persons are added every year to total population of NCT Delhi. It attracts number of migrants largely due to better employment opportunities, better infrastructure / services and above all better governance. In the past four decades, the population growth of NCT Delhi has been exceeding 50% per decade and has today resulted in a large population base of 13.85 million. Recent projections have indicated that population of NCT Delhi is slated to reach 18 million in 2001 and is likely to cross 23 million by 2021. At this pace of population growth, the entire NCT Delhi may have to be declared as ‘urban’ with very limited scope for horizontal expansion as the situation has reached saturation level. Hence, there is every possibility of catastrophic effect on the basic infrastructure / facilities, traffic and transportation and natural environment. To manage 23 million population in NCT Delhi by 2021 will be a challenging task for all concerned. DMA TOWNS IN NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION (NCR) Physical Setting -Ganga at its eastern boundary -Yamuna at north-south forming boundary between U.P and Haryana -Sand dunes and barrel hills of aravali in west -Gentle slope to north-east to south-west . NCR area is 1.06% of the India’s area; 86% of the Kerala 75.9% of Haryana 66.67% of Punjab NCR area is almost 23 times that of NCT-Delhi (1,483 sq. kms)

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Page 1: Ncr Report

1

DELHI – NCR

Metropolitan Region Governance By-Thangula Harish, Rohit Dabas,

Masters of urban and rural planning,

department of architecture & planning,

IIT Roorkee.

Regional planning

Background:

It has been more than two decades that the National Capital

Regional Plan was formulated for decentralizing economic

activities from National Capital Territory of Delhi to Delhi

Metropolitan Area (now called CNCR) and other towns of NCR.

Gaining from the experience of planning National Capital Region

(NCR), this evaluation study of DMA Towns attempts to assess

their administrative governance, economic and transportation

structure. The NCR is already witnessing boom in real estate

development and with efforts of the State Governments

concerned to develop Special Economic Zones, Hi-Tech Cities,

Industrial Estates etc., are bound to have spread effect on the

vast hinterland.

I. INTRODUCTION

Ever since the NCR Plan - 2001, was formulated, the

development of ‘Delhi Metropolitan Area Towns’ (DMA) has

been receiving attention as important urban centers in the

National Capital Region. Almost 20 years have passed since

the formulation of NCR Plan - 2001and now, the NCR Plan -

2021has also been notified. Hence, it is pertinent to explore

the developments in DMA towns - whether they have been

helpful in fulfilling the objectives of NCR Plan, what has been

their overall role in contributing towards the economic

development of NCR and also how far they have offset the

role of NCT Delhi in terms of urban primacy. NCT Delhi has

been experiencing rapid population growth and there has been

no respite from unprecedented migration from small and

medium towns and rural areas of the vast hinterland. On an

average about 3 lakh persons are added every year to total

population of NCT Delhi. It attracts number of migrants

largely due to better employment opportunities, better

infrastructure / services and above all better governance. In

the past four decades, the population growth of NCT Delhi

has been exceeding 50% per decade and has today resulted in

a large population base of 13.85 million. Recent projections

have indicated that population of NCT Delhi is slated to reach

18 million in 2001 and is likely to cross 23 million by 2021.

At this pace of population growth, the entire NCT Delhi may

have to be declared as ‘urban’ with very limited scope for

horizontal expansion as the situation has reached saturation

level. Hence, there is every possibility of catastrophic effect

on the basic infrastructure / facilities, traffic and transportation

and natural environment. To manage 23 million population in

NCT Delhi by 2021 will be a challenging task for all

concerned.

DMA TOWNS IN

NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION (NCR)

Physical Setting

-Ganga at its eastern boundary

-Yamuna at north-south forming boundary between

U.P and Haryana

-Sand dunes and barrel hills of aravali in west

-Gentle slope to north-east to south-west

.

▪ NCR area is

− 1.06% of the India’s area;

− 86% of the Kerala

− 75.9% of Haryana

− 66.67% of Punjab

NCR area is almost 23 times that of NCT-Delhi

(1,483 sq. kms)

Page 2: Ncr Report

2

NCR area is more than the combined area of 3

States of Tripura, Nagaland and Sikkim (27,885 sq

kms)

National Capital Region-Delhi

NCT Delhi cannot be viewed as the sole center of

development in entire NCR. The Delhi Metropolitan Area

Towns have to share the burden of NCT Delhi especially in

terms of population redistribution, easing strain on

infrastructure / services and effective transportation and

communication linkages. Of late, with the emergence of new

economic order in terms of globalization, liberalization and

privatization, the emerging ‘new development scenario’ is

likely to influence the urbanization pattern, which may alter

investment decisions. This means that with the increasing

innovation in information 2 and communication technology

(ICT), the forces of decentralization may gather momentum

and thereby benefit relatively smaller urban settlements

Formation of National Capital Region:

Germane of Master Plan Delhi

Delhi experienced phenomenal decennial population

growth since 1951 recording 52.44%, 52.91%, 52.98%, 51.45%

and 47.03% during 1951-61, 1961-71, 1971-81 and 1991-

2001, respectively.

However, post independence, it was observed that if Delhi

continues to grow unabated, problems of land, housing,

transportation and management of essential infrastructure

would become more acute. It was this concern, the need for

planning Delhi in regional context was felt.

A. 1956: Interim General Plan suggested that serious

consideration should be given to a planned

decentralization to areas even outside Delhi region.

B. 1961: A High Powered Board was set up under Union

Minister for Home Affairs.

C. 1962: Delhi Master Plan was published that emphasized

Planning of Delhi in regional context.

D. 1973: High Powered Board reconstituted under Union

Minister for Works and Housing

E. 1985: Enactment of the National Capital Region Planning

Board Act by the Union Parliament, with the concurrence

Page 3: Ncr Report

3

of the participating States of Haryana, Rajasthan and

Uttar Pradesh, NCR Planning Board was constituted.

With continuing population growth trends, the projected

population of National Capital Territory, Delhi by 2011 and

2021 would be 18.20 million and 22.50 million persons,

respectively.

To maintain the sustainable growth of Delhi, NCR is the

base for future investment opportunities.

Sub-region wise Growth / Distribution of Population (in

Lakhs):

Population Projection as per Regional Plan-2021 for

NCR

Urban-Rural Components of Population in NCR (1981-

2001)

The four mega cities- mumbai , kolkata, delhi and chennai

together account for more than 17% population and 4.5%

reside in NCT-Delhi

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1981 1991 2001

Delhi

Har

Raj

UP

NCR

Urban-Rural Comp Percent share (%)

/Year 1981 1991 2001

Urban NCR 45.87 50.23 56.39

Rural NCR 54.13 49.77 43.61

Urban NCR* 24.53 29.39 34.47

Page 4: Ncr Report

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II. METROPOLITAN REGION GOVERNANCE:

Board Members of NCR Planning Board

The 19 members of the re-constituted Board, 2 Additional

Co-opted members and 1 Co-opted member are as follows :

Planning Process:

To be prepared by the State Government or ulbs

To be prepared by the State Government

To be prepared by NCRPB

Page 5: Ncr Report

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Metropolitan Region Governance:

Page 6: Ncr Report

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Regional Plan-2021: Settlement

Pattern

7 Metro Centres/Complexes • Faridabad

• Ghaziabad-Loni Complex

• Meerut

• Sonepat - Kundli Complex

• Greater Noida

8 Counter-magnet area • Bareilly (UP)

• Gwalior (MP)

• Hissar (Haryana)

• Kota (Rajasthan)

• Patiala (Punjab)

• Ambala (Haryana)

• Dehradun (Uttrakhand)

• Kanpur (U.P.)

11 Regional Centres • Bahadurgarh

• Panipat

• Rohtak

• Palwal

• Rewari-Dharuhera-Bawal

• Hapur

• Bulandshahr-Khurja

• Baghpat-Baraut Complex

• Alwar

• Greater Bhiwadi

• Shahjahanpur-Neemrana-Behror

Page 7: Ncr Report

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III. TRANSPORTATION:

NCR planning board prepared functional plan on

transport- integrated multimodal transport plan (imtp)

Functional plan was proposed after revising demand

and supply of transport infrastructure in NCR

The aim is to improve mobility of both people and

goods and fast & efficient movement of transport.

Plan Components:

• Regional rapid transit system

• New rail lines

• Regional mass rapid transit system

• Up-gradation of roads

• Expressways

• Bus-transport system

• Bus terminals

• Logistic hubs

• Integrated freight complexes

• Highway facility

• Airports

Objectives -To provide efficient and economical transportation system

-Provide accessibility to all parts and discourage transit

through the core area of NCT-Delhi.

Existing Transport System

Road networks- 36,305km, Bus fleet- 58,300 buses, Rail

network – more than 1000km, Airport- domestic

&international airports

Page 8: Ncr Report

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Road network (radial in nature)

Road density

Transport scenario

Volume to Capacity Ratio Measure of extent of utilization of road capacity .

Ideally it should be less than 1

Rural-0.5

Urban-0.7

As per norms

Currently it exceeds the limit

Rural-0.6

Urban- 1.01 to 2.83

Traffic and travel pattern On an average 2,21,575 vehicles travel in and out of ncr per

day.Different passenger traffic modes for outer, middle and

inner cordons

Rail system

Three zonal railways - Northern, North western, North

central.625 trains -253 passenger long distance , 176 EMU

trains(sub-urban)

Metro rail in ncr

• 190km completed

• 136km sanctioned and under execution and

completion estimated in december 2016

• Average daily ridership around 20lakh

Bus transport

• Existing number of buses in NCR- 58,346

• New sanctioned buses – delhi-1600,

faridabad- 150, meerut-150.

• Average 132 buses against 1 lakh

population

Air transport

• 3 operational runways handling capacity of

75 aircrafts.

• 3 separate terminals for international ,

domestic passengers & cargo

• 51 international airlines , 60 international

destinations.

Further Travel Demand

• Estimated population by 2021- 64.14

million

• Inter-regional travel to increase from 3.63

million to 13.2 million by 2032

• To reduce the dependency on private modes

of transport from 56% to 26%

Transport plan of NCR

• Extensive regional expressway network

extending over a length of 1107km is

proposed.

• Existing NHC converging are proposed to

be developed as part of regional arterials .

Development of other networks

• Improve inter-state intra-state connectivity

• Develop lower hierarchy of roads to connect

villages etc

• Proposed high occupancy vehicle lanes to

be provided along existing expressways,

national highway and other major road.

• Bicycles and pedestrian facilities

• Build up new roads and traffic safety

strategies

Page 9: Ncr Report

9

• Propose metro rail in regional areas

• Regional BRTS with intelligent transport

system , electronic ticketing and ticket

verification.

IV. ECONOMIC SCENARIO

Background

The size and nature of economic activities had a great

influence on Delhi metro extensions to the CNCR and

construction.

Gross Domestic Product During 2004-10 GDP increased by 52 % whereas GDP of

NCR increased by 67%.

NCR contributed 7.1% of India's GDP whereas the

population Is 3.8% and land is less than 1%.

Per Capita income during 2004-10 PCI of NCR went up from rs38,758 to

rs59,624

Among the various sub-region of NCR , Delhi has

the highest share of GDP in NCR.

During 2005-10 , Haryana recorded the highest rate of GDP

and Per Capita Income followed by NCT while UP had the

lowest.

NCT-Delhi Consistent increase in GDP and Per Capita income during

2005-10.

Haryana sub-region Rate of growth of Gross Sub-region Product(GSDP)

increased from 12.9% to 16.4%

Gurgaon recorded the highest GDP followed by Faridabad

District in year 2009-10 , while Mewat had the lowest GDP

Structural Composition of Work Force In NCR the primary Sector showed a decline from

35%(1991) to 29%(2001)

While the workforce increased for secondary and tertiary

sectors.

Secondary sector it is 23%(1991) to 27%(2001)

Tertiary sector increased from 42%(1991) to 44%(2001)

Financial Inclusion

In India , 58.7% households avail banking services .

71.5% households of NCR avail banking services

In NCT , it is 77.7%

For Faridabad it is 71.1%

And in Gurgaon it is 78.2%

Page 10: Ncr Report

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Policy and Proposals The key behind reformation of NCR was to promote

balanced growth and development of the region.

-Comparison of PCI of different districts of NCR

reveals that Mewat has the lowest PCI while Gurgaon and

Faridabad higher than Delhi.

-Development in the secondary and tertiary sector in

NCR to bring employment.

-Connectivity within NCR for the change in the both

size and nature of economic activities.

-The analysis of banking facilities in NCR shows that

districts with low PCI are the districts were banking facilities

are not available. The banking sector should focus on

expanding networks.

-The three investment regions under the proposed

DMIC projects namely manesar-bawl, khushkheda-bhiwani-

neemrana, dadri-noida-ghaziabad investment regions. These

projects emphasis on expanding the manufacturing and

services base and develop as global manufacturing and trading

hubs.