nautical chart products – noaa hydro training 2009 nautical chart products

Nautical Chart Products – NOAA Hydro Training 2009

Nautical Chart Products


Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• The difference between a vector and a raster chart.

• An ENC is a vector-based digital file based on the IHO s-57 product standard.

• Who publishes the corrections to the latest nautical chart edition?

• List some important chart elements that are displayed on every chart.


Introduction

• The Navigational Chart is one of the most fundamental tools available to the mariner

• A Nautical Chart is a graphic portrayal of the marine environment, including general bottom characteristics, depths, aids to navigation, and dangers to navigation

• The Nautical Chart is essential for safe navigation

http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/staff/charts.htm


Traditional Paper Charts

• Paper is the traditional medium on which charts are produced

• Traditional paper charts are produced by lithography, which is a process involving printing plates, a printing press, and a chemical process to produce an image

• It takes 6 to 8 weeks to print and warehouse a traditional paper chart

• They are distributed by the FAA and NGA


Print-on-Demand Paper Charts

• Print-on-Demand paper charts are the most up-to-date paper charts

• Production time is up to 2 weeks and they come laminated or on water resistant paper

• They are produced and distributed by authorized agent under the authority of NOAA


Digital Charts

Vector Raster

http://geog.gmu.edu/PEOPLE/fall2004/lecture6a_553_web.pdf Page 12


Raster Navigational Charts

• An RNC is a digital image of a paper chart• It is geo-referenced and can be used in a

raster chart system• RNCs can also be used as a backdrop in

hydrographic data collection and processing software

• They can be downloaded for free off the internet at:http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/Raster/download.htm


Electronic Navigational Charts

• An ENC is a vector-based digital file based on the IHO S-57 product standard

• ENCs are used in ECDIS and ECS systems.

• They support real-time navigation, collision and grounding avoidance, and real-time tides

• ENCs can also be used as base maps in GIS software for coastal management purposes

• They can be downloaded for free at: http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/enc/index.htm


Chart Updates

• Corrections to the latest edition of a nautical chart are published in the Local Notice to Mariners (USCG) and the Notice to Mariners (NGA)

• Paper charts must be updated by the user with the latest corrections (LNM & NtoM) manually

• Electronic charts are updated by the user with a downloaded software patch


Chart Elements

• What makes up a nautical chart?


Chart Elements

• Chart Number• Chart Edition• Correction Source • Correction Dates


Chart Elements

• Notes• Cautions• Warnings• Horizontal Datum• Aids to Navigation• Topographic

Heights• Survey Authorities


Chart Elements

• Title Block– Location– Projection– Scaling

Latitude– Horizontal

Datum– Sounding

Units– Sounding

Datum


Chart Elements

• Compass Rose


Chart Elements

• Source Diagram


Chart Elements

• Joins Statements


Chart Elements

• Scale Bars


Chart Elements

• Tide Block


Chart Elements

• Border• Graticule• Geographic

Names• Hydrographic

Data


Chart Elements

• Colors

• Fonts

• Symbology

• Details outlined in the NOAA Nautical Chart Manual, vol. 2


ECDIS

• ECDIS stands for Electronic Chart Display and Information System

• They are certified to meet specific standards– IHO S-57 Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data– IHO S-52 Specifications for Chart Content and Display aspects

of ECDIS– IMO Resolution A.817 (19) Performance Standards for ECDIS– IEC 61174 ECDIS Operational and performance requirements,

methods of testing, and required results

• An ECDIS must use official NOAA ENC data to meet the above standards and may use official NOAA RNC data where ENC data is not yet available


ECS

• ECS stands for Electronic Chart System

• An ECS is any electronic system that uses digital chart data, raster or vector

• There are currently no standards in place for ECS

• Standards are being developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM)


RCDS

• RCDS stands for Raster Chart Display System

• RCDS is a type of ECS

• They support real-time positioning by interfacing with GPS and DGPS systems

• They are endorsed by OCS to enhance safe navigation


Resources• http://chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov

– Coast Pilot– Chart Catalogs– Chart Updates

• http://navcen.uscg.gov/– USCG Light List– Local Notice to Mariners

• http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime/– Notice to Mariners– Chart No. 1– Sailing Directions– American Practical Navigator– Broadcast Warnings– Other Publications

nautical chart products – noaa hydro training 2009 nautical chart products

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