Napoleonic Era-1799-1814

1799- Coup d’etat made Napoleon dictator

Napoleon I

Napoleon supported the ideas of the French Revolution:◦No feudalism or serfdom ◦Accepted the Declaration of the Rights of Man◦But…believed the French people should obey

ALL his policies.

Reorganized Government

Napoleon had unlimited powerFirst 5 years = Consulate

He commanded the army and navy He had the power to appoint or dismiss

government officials He could propose new laws The Legislative body could approve of reject

Napoleons laws He put the Constitution up to the vote of the plebiscite.

They voted for the Constitution

Napoleon’s Governmental Accomplishments

The Napoleonic Code- A law codeThe Bank of FrancePublic Education-elementary was supported

by local communities and the church-high school, universities and technical schools supported by the government

Concordat 1801-religious freedomUndid alliances of foreign enemiesMade France a peaceful, stable and

economically prosperous country

Napoleonic Code

1804-France becomes an Empire

Plebiscites vote to make France an empire and Napoleon becomes Emperor Napoleon

Pope came to put crown on Napoleon’s head but he grabbed it and put it on himself.

Signifying his power over the churches

War with Britain

France invades Great BritainVice Admiral Horatio Nelson defeats

France at seaFrance places a blockade on Great Britain

( Continental System) and Great Britain does the same to France

Reorganization of Europe

1809- France dominates Europe◦Treaties with Austria and Prussia◦Russia becomes an ally◦Napoleon rules the Netherlands and Spain◦He forces Denmark and the Papal States into an

alliance◦Abolished the Holy Roman Empire and unifies

Italy into the Kingdom of Italy under his control◦Placed family members as monarchs in

conquered countries

Napoleon like King Henry VIII?

Napoleons wife Josephine was unable to provide an heir.

Napoleon has marriage annulledNapoleon marries Marie-Louise of AustriaShe has a son- Napoleon II in 1811

Nationalism

Nationalism is extreme pride in one’s country= patriotism

Conquered territories see an increase in nationalism

Begin building armies to fight against France

Increased opposition of Napoleon’s rule

The Peninsular War 1808-1814

Iberian peninsula between Spain and Portugal

Portugal refuses to follow the Continental System

Napoleon sends in troops- drives out the king and then takes over Spain too.

Makes Joseph, his brother, the King of Spain

Duke Of Wellington

Great Britain sends the Duke of Wellington to help the Spain and Portugal defeat Napoleon

1813- Joseph driven out of SpainSpain writes a new Constitution with a

limited monarchy following the ideas of the French Revolution

Duke of Wellington

France Versus Russia

Russia an ally of France begins trading with Great Britain. Going against the Continental System

1812- Czar Alexander INapoleon sends troops to invade RussiaGathers 600,000 troops from all his

conquered territories= The Grand ArmyThe troops marched into Russia

Scorched-Earth policy

As the French troops would march into Russia, the Russian troops would retreat burning everything and anything the French troops could use.

France captures Moscow, but the Russian troops leave Moscow burning upon their retreat.

October 12, 1812 France retreats due to the cold and lack of supplies

Greatest Military Disaster

As Napoleon’s troops retreat the Russian army follows-invading the French territories.

Napoleon loses 2/3 of his troopsAll alliances are brokenOctober 1813-LeipzigThe allies defeat Napoleon1814- Allies capture Paris

Battle of Leipzig-1813

Napoleoans Defeat

Napoleon gives up claim to the French throne

Retire to the island of ElbaFrance’s monarchy is restored-Louis XVIII

100 Days of Napoleon

People of France are upset with the monarchy

March,1815- Napoleon returns to FranceTroops sent to catch him and they turn

and help himMarch 20- Napoleon captures Paris

Battle of Waterloo

Allies attack FranceThe Duke of Wellington defeats Napoleon

at the Battle of Waterloo

Battle of Waterloo

Napoleons Legend

Monarchy restored in FranceNapoleon asks to be sent to America but

instead they send him to the South PacificThe island of St. Helena where he will die

in 1821.1840-The remains of Napoleon will be laid

to rest in FranceNapoleon becomes a legend to the French

people

Napoleon’s Tomb

Napoleon’s Tomb in Paris