Nanodiamond Drug Delivery

Austin RamosBiomedical Engineering, URI

BME 281

Nanodiamonds

Nanoparticles that are less than 100 nm in diameter (1) Nanodiamonds are useful

Biocompatibility

Functional versatility

Unique surface electrostatics

Drug delivery Bypassing chemoresistance

Controlled delivery

Intracellular tracking (2)http://www.itc-inc.org/nanodiamond.html

Chemotherapy

Treating cancer with chemical substances namely chemotherapeutic agents like Paclitaxel (PTX)

Many side effects of Chemotherapy are caused cytotoxic drugs that kill rapidly dividing cells in the body whether or not they are cancerous (3)

Bone Marrow Hair follicles Digestive tract

Drug Delivery

A nanodiamond drug delivery system was built using nanodiamonds 2-8nm in diameter

Small molecule drugs and nucleic acids are bound to the surface of the NDs and delivered with better efficacy (2)

Nanodiamonds are being tested for their ability to deliver chemotherapeutic agents

Drug Delivery

PTX is attached to the nanodiamonds through fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide strands in addition to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies

Anti-EGFR antibodies improve delivery and keep the drug inside the cancer cell (2)

(2)

Experiment

Two breast cancer cells MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were used and tested in vitro

Free PTX

PTX-DNA@ND (untargeted PTX on ND)

PTX-DNA/mAb@ND (targeted PTX on ND)

When compared with free PTX the targeted and untargeted improved the effectiveness of the drug significantly

The targeted PTX showed the best results but was not significantly better than the untargeted PTX in MCF7 cells

In MDA-MB-231 cells the targeted PTX was nearly twice as effective as the untargeted PTX

(2)

Conclusion

Nanodiamonds could be a very effective drug delivery system according to these results

NDs are able to significantly increase the efficacy of

Nanodiamonds could also be used for imaging and diagnostics if they are proven to be safe and effective enough

Questions

Works Cited

3.)"Chemotherapy." Wikipedia. 19 Sept. 2015. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy>.

1.) Jong, De, and Paul JA Borm. "Drug Delivery and Nanoparticles: Applications and Hazards."  International Journal of Nanomedicine IJN(2008): 133-49.  Pubmed. Web.

2.) Zhang, Xue-Qing et.al. "Multimodal Nanodiamond Drug Delivery Carriers for Selective Targeting, Imaging, and Enhanced Chemotherapeutic Efficacy."  Adv. Mater. Advanced Materials  23.41 (2011): 4770-775.Google Scholar. Web. 29 Sept. 2015.

http://www.itc-inc.org/nanodiamond.html