Names of the 33 First Buddhist PatriarchsAuthor(s): G. SchlegelSource: T'oung Pao, Vol. 8, No. 3 (1897), pp. 341-342Published by: BRILLStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4525290 .

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VARIETES.

NAMES OF THE 33 FIRST BUDDHIST PATRIARCHS

BY

G. SCHLEGEL.

ABEL REMUSAT WaS, we believe, the first who gave in his MNlanges Asiati- ques, Vol. I, p. 143 seq, a biographical list of these patriarchs, the immediate successors of Buddha, of which the first 27 laboured in India and the other six in China. He drew his list from the japanese

edition of the ITA it, Book

LXIV, pp. 24 seq.; but, on account of the fragmentary knowledge at that time of the chinese and sanscrit equivalents, the names of these patriarchs are irrecogniz- able. We note f. i. the name of Yeou- pho-kiou-to, in Japanese Ouvakikta

(f* t ig s,), which we now know to be Upagupta, the 4th patriarch;

that of Ti-to-kia ( $ j), in

Japanese Daitaka, which is the name of the 5th patriarch Dhitika t), in Tibetan Dhitika.

Remusat calls the 7th patiiarch Pa- soumi, without an attempt to an identi- fication with its sanscrit equivalent. It is Vasumitra, transciribed in Chinese

i B w or 4 <,A - . He calls the 1 0th patriarch Pdrcva, by his chinese nickname Hie, properly Hie tsun ( 9

4 ), the Arya who used to lie on one side.

It is difficult to recognize in the japanese name Founayache the name ot the 11 th patriarch Punyayac9as (chinese g T5 g *), or in Po-sieou-pan-

theou (i0 f X ), or japanese Basioubandzu, the name of the 21st patriarch Vasubandhu, etc.

We therefore think it not superfluous to give here a complete list of these patriarchs with the dates of their death according to the Japanese and Chinese sources, as also according to the latest researches, some of the dates having kindly been furnished to us by profes- sor Kern.

The chinese characters used to trans- cribe these names can be conveniently found in Eitel's dictionary, so that we do not think it necessary to reproduce them in our list. 1) Eitel writes Dhritaka, which is wrong.

23

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VA RIETES.

Names of the Indian patriarchs. Year of death according to the

Sanscrit name

Mahaka'yapa Ananda Canakavasa Upagupta Dhitika Mikkaka Vasumitra Buddhanandi Buddhamitra

Parnva (chinese I

Punyayagas

ACvaghosa (', ^ )

Kapimala Nagardjuna Kana-deva Rahulata Samghanandi Gayasata Kumarata

Gayata Vasubandhu Manbrhita Padmaratna A

Aryasiffha Nagagata or Basiasita

Punyamitra Pradjinatara Bodhidharma

Japanese B.C. 905

,,

,)

W) )

A.D.

A.D.

,,

,,

C B

A

17

805 760

588 533 495

417

40 -376?

332

274 212 157 113

74 13 23

74 ( tt

125? 167?

uncertain 325? ? 457

495 (k

Hui-kho f 4 4) ) 485-

Seng-ts'an f) { , 606

Tao-sin J , % - >) 651

Hung-jin J j > 673

Hui-neng ) t | 4) A 713 hft , a "7t

'hinese .C. 905

- 0 PI

latest researches B.C. 458

-,, ," = 370 > 741 2 210 , -- 4 160) -, _ , 637

" 590 A.D. -t 1002) - B.C. 535 (?) - ,, 487 ?)

> 442 A.D. ± 1)00

- B.C. 383 (?) 327 A.D. ± 140

, 269 D 137 , 212 i= 194 " - " t 215

- B.C. 113(?)

1 43 . 13 .D. - A.D. 22

7th year) 74

" -- »±t: 470 . - - 1 65 . -- . 209

-, ,, 259 > 325 325 . -- . 388

, 457 D 457

+ Y V0 S ) ) " 529

-592

-ia3)

- il

AMI ^M aT

A.D. 638-713

1) Eitel says A.D. 692, but this is surely an error. 2) Eitel is very confused. On page 51 he states that Kaniska reigned from 15 B.C. -

45 A.D.; and page 164 he places the 3d or 4th Synod under Kaniska in B.C. 153. sic! 3) Mayers, Manual, II, No. 215. 4) Abel Remusat, Melanges asiatiques, I, 125, has wrongly 'soui-klho for lHom-kko and

Soui-neng for Houi-neng.

342

1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

40.

11.

12.

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 48. 19.

20. 21. 22. 23.

24. 25. 26. 27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

+ A &

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