name: date: american history 8 8th grade social studies...

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Name: ___________________ Date: ____________ American History 8 8 th Grade Social Studies Midterm Review Sheet Civil War (Chapter 16) 1. Define primary source and give an example. primary source: a document created by a person who was present at the event that he/she is writing about. example: ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Define abolitionist. (p. 454) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. Who was Harriet Tubman? (p. 458) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. Explain TWO causes of the Civil War. 1. the balance of power between the states and the federal government 2. sectionalism people cared about only their region (North or South) rather than the whole nation 5. Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe? (p. 481) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 6. Explain why the Southern states seceded (broke away) after the Election of 1860. (p. 495-6) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 7. What was Lincoln’s main goal during the Civil War? Lincoln’s main goal was to save the Union. Reconstruction (Chapter 17) 8. Identify the following: 13 th Amendment (554): ________________________________________________________________ 14 th Amendment (560): ________________________________________________________________ 15 th Amendment (563): ________________________________________________________________ These were all passed to extend civil rights to ____________________________.

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Name: ___________________ Date: ____________

American History 8

8th Grade Social Studies Midterm Review Sheet

Civil War (Chapter 16)

1. Define primary source and give an example.

primary source: a document created by a person who was present at the event that he/she is writing

about.

example: ___________________________________________________________________________

2. Define abolitionist. (p. 454)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

3. Who was Harriet Tubman? (p. 458)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

4. Explain TWO causes of the Civil War.

1. the balance of power between the states and the federal government

2. sectionalism – people cared about only their region (North or South) rather than the whole nation

5. Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe? (p. 481)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

6. Explain why the Southern states seceded (broke away) after the Election of 1860. (p. 495-6)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

7. What was Lincoln’s main goal during the Civil War? Lincoln’s main goal was to save the Union.

Reconstruction (Chapter 17)

8. Identify the following:

13th

Amendment (554): ________________________________________________________________

14th

Amendment (560): ________________________________________________________________

15th

Amendment (563): ________________________________________________________________

These were all passed to extend civil rights to ____________________________.

9. Define the following: (p. 568)

poll tax: _________________________________________________________

literacy test: _______________________________________________________

grandfather clause: ____________________________________________________________________ These were all passed to prevent ________________________ from taking advantage of their right to

vote.

10. Define segregation. (p. 568)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

11. Define sharecropping. (p. 569)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

12. Explain the Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson. (p. 569)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Westward Expansion (Chapter 18)

13. Explain why Chief Joseph felt that his tribe had to surrender to the U.S. Army. (p. 599)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

14. Explain why the buffalo were important to Native Americans living on the Great Plains. (p. 594)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

15. How did the transcontinental railroad affect America’s economy? (p. 592)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

16. Explain what happened to the Native Americans when Western settlers began to move to the Great

Plains. (p. 593-8)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Rise of Big Business (Chapter 19)

17. Explain how the assembly line and mass production changed the economy. (p. 755)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

18. Explain why the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was passed. (p. 622)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

19. Explain why labor unions formed in the late 1800s. (p. 625-7)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

20. Why did many factories use child labor and why was child labor a bad thing for our nation? (p. 671)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Immigration and Urbanization (Chapter 14, 20)

21. Why was Ellis Island built? (p. 637)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

22. Why did many immigrants settle in large cities? (p. 639)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

23. Explain why many people moved to urban areas in the late 1800s. (p. 642)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

24. Why did the U.S. government establish a quota system for immigration?

The United States established a quota system to limit the number of immigrants coming from certain

countries.

25. What were some of the results of the growth of factories in the late 1800s?

1. increase in immigration

2. urbanization

3. poor working conditions

4. child labor

5. poor living conditions in the cities

Progressives (Chapter 21)

26. Define muckraker. (p. 664)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

27. Define Progressive. (p. 664)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

28. Who was Ida Tarbell? (p. 665)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

29. Explain how the primary elections give more power to the voters. (p. 666)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

30. Explain how the following gave more power to the voters. (p. 666-7)

initiative: ___________________________________________________________________________

referendum: _________________________________________________________________________

31. Who was Upton Sinclair? (p. 669)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

32. What was the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)? (p. 678)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

33. What was the goal of the Seneca Falls Convention (1848)? (p. 464)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

34. Who was Susan B. Anthony? (p. 465-6)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Imperialism (Chapter 22) 35. Define imperialism. (p. 692)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

36. Explain why several nations set up spheres of influence in China. (p. 695)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

37. Explain how yellow journalism led to the Spanish American War. (p. 697)

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

38. Explain Teddy Roosevelt’s “big stick” policy.

President Roosevelt believed that the U.S. should be willing to back up its words with strong action. For

example, he took action by supporting the revolution in Panama so that the U.S. would be able to build

the Panama Canal.