Musculoskeletal Anatomy Quiz

The bones, muscles and muscular action below the

belt…

What’s to Come Quick review of the bones Origin, insertion, and action of

muscles Muscles categorized by their action

Test yourself with the diagram and click for the answer…

All images scanned from: Sieg & Adams, Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy

Bones in Review

Pelvis (letters first)

1. Iliac crest2. Iliac fossa3. Superior (posterior) gluteal line4. Middle (anterior) gluteal line5. Inferior gluteal line6. Anterior superior iliac spine7. Anterior inferior iliac spine8. Posterior superior iliac spine9. Posterior inferior iliac spine10. Greater sciatic notch11. Ischial tuberosity12. Ischial spine13. Lesser sciatic notch14. Ramus of ischium15. Pubic crest16. Pubic symphysis17. Body of pubis18. Superior ramus of pubis19. Inferior ramus of pubis

A. IliumB. IschiumC. PubisD. AcetabulumE. Obturator foramenF. SacrumG. Coccyx

Femur1. Head2. Neck3. Greater trochanter4. Lesser trochanter5. Intertrochanteric line6. Intertrochanteric crest7. Trochanter fossa8. Quatrate tubercle9. Gluteal tuberosity10. Linea aspera11. Adductor tubercle12. Medial epicondyle13. Lateral epicondyle14. Patellar surface15. Medial supracondylar line16. Lateral supracondylar line17. Medial condyle18. Lateral condyle19. Popliteal surface20. Intercondylar notch

Tibia and Fibula1. Styloid process2. Head3. Neck4. Interosseous

border5. Lateral malleolus6. Shaft7. Medial condyle8. Lateral condyle9. Tibial tuberosity10. Soleal line11. Shaft12. Interosseous

border13. Medial malleolus

Foot (without animation)

Extensors of Spine

Spinalis thoracis / cervicis spinous processes of T11-12,

L1-2 transverse processes of T6-10 transverse processes of T1-6

Spinous processes of T1-8 Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-

4 Spinous processes of C2-5

extend and rotate vertebral column

Origin(3)

Insertion(3)

Action

semispinalis thoracis / cervicus

Origin(3)

Insertion(3)

Action

spinous processes of T11-12, L1-2

transverse processes of T6-10 transverse processes of T1-6

Spinous processes of T1-8 Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-

4 Spinous processes of C2-5

extend and rotate vertebral column

Leg / Hip Flexors

Psoas Major bodies, transverse

processes lumbar vertebrae

lesser trochanter of femur

flexes and rotates thigh laterally

flexes vertebrae

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Iliacus iliac fossa of ilium

lesser trochanter of femur

flexes and rotates thigh laterally

flexes vertebrae

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Leg Extensors & Abductors

Gluteus Maximus iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

gluteal tuberosity of femur

extends and rotates thigh laterally

Origin

Insertion

Action

Gluteus Medius lateral ilium

greater trochanter of femur

abducts thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action

Gluteus Minimus lateral ilium

greater trochanter of femur

abducts thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action

Tensor Fasciae Latae anterior iliac crest

tibia via iliotibial tract

abducts, flexes thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action

Leg Adductors

Adductor Longus pubic crest near symphysis

pubis

linea aspera of femur

adducts, flexes thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action

Anterior

Adductor Magnus ischial tuberosity pubis

linea aspera of femur adductor tubercle

adducts femur anterior fibers assist

flexion of femur at hip Posterior fibers assist

extension of femur at hip

Origin(2)

Insertion(2)

Action(3)

Gracilis pubic ramus

medial surface of tibial shaft

adducts thigh flexes leg at knee

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Leg Flexors

Biceps Femoris long head - ischial

tuberosity short head - linea aspera

of femur

head of fibula lateral condyle of tibia

flexes knee extends thigh

Origin(2)

Insertion(2)

Action(2)

Semitendinosus ischial

tuberosity

medial, proximal surface of tibia

flexes knee extends thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Semimembranosus ischial tuberosity

medial condyle of tibia

flexes knee extends thigh

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Sartorius anterior superior iliac

spine

medial surface of tibia proximal surface of tibia

flexes leg and thigh rotates thigh laterally

(crosses leg)

Origin

Insertion(2)

Action(2)

Leg Extensors

Rectus Femoris anterior inferior iliac

spine

patella by common tendon; continues as ligament to tibial tuberosity

extends leg at knee

Origin

Insertion

Action

Vestus: medialis, lateralis intermedius

anterior/medial surface femur

greater trochanter femur anterior lateral shaft of

femur

patella by common tendon; continues as ligament to tibial tuberosity

extends leg at knee

Originmedialislateralis

intermedius

Insertion

Action

Dorsiflexors

Tibialis Anterior lateral condyle/surface of

tibia

1st meta tarsal 1st cuneiform

dorsiflexion inversion of foot

Origin

Insertion(2)

Action(2)

Peroneus Tertius distal third anterior fibula

5th metatarsal

dorsiflexion eversion of foot

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Extensor Digitorum Longus

lateral condyle of the tibia anterior surface of fibula

dorsal surfaces of 2nd, 3rd phlanges of 4 lateral toes

dorsiflexion eversion toe extension

Origin(2)

Insertion

Action(3)

Plantar Flexors

Gastrocnemius lateral/medial

condyles of femur

posterior surface of calcaneus

plantar flexion flexion of leg at knee

Origin

Insertion

Action(2)

Soleus head/shaft of fibula posterior tibial surface

posterior surface calcaneus

plantar flexion of foot

Origin(2)

Insertion

Action

Flexor Digitorum Longus posterior surface of

tibia

distal phlanges of 4 lateral toes

plantar flexion inversion of foot flexion of four lateral

toes

Origin

Insertion

Action(3)

Tibialis Posterior lateral condyle posterior

tibial/fibular surface

tarsal bones metatarsal bones

plantar flexion inversion of foot

Origin

Insertion(2)

Action(2)

Peroneus Longus lateral condyle of

tibia fibular head/shaft

tarsal metatarsals

plantar flexion eversion of foot

Origin(2)

Insertion(2)

Action(2)

Muscles by Action

Hip / Leg Medial Rotator1. Gluteus medius2. Gluteus minimus3. Tensor fasciae

latae4. Petineus

5. Adductor longus6. Adductor brevis7. Adductor magnus

(horizontal fibers)

Leg Flexor & Extensor

1. Gluteus maximus2. Biceps femoris (long head)3. Semitendinosus4. Semimembranosus5. Adductor magnus (posterior

portion)

1. Iliopsoas2. Pectineus3. Tensor fasciae latae4. Adductor brevis5. Adductor longus6. Adductor magnus

(anterior portion)7. Rectus femoris8. Sartorius

Extensors

Flexors

Leg Adductors & Abductors

1. Gluteus medius2. Gluteus minimus3. Tensor fasciae latae4. Sartorius

1. Adductor brevis2. Adductor longus3. Adductor magnus4. Gracilis

Adductors

Abductors

Knee

1. Vastus lateralis2. Vastus intermedius3. Vastus medialis4. Rectus femoris5. Tensor fascia latae

1. Biceps femoris2. Semitendinosus3. Semimembranosu

s4. Sartorius5. Gracilis6. Gastrocnemius

Extensors

Flexors

Knee Rotators

Biceps femoris

1. Semitendinosus2. Semimembranosu

s3. Popliteus4. Gracilis5. sartorius

Lateral

Medial

Ankle

1. Tibialis anterior2. Extensor digitorum

longus3. Peroneus tertius4. Extensor hallucis longus

1. Gastrocnemius2. Soleus3. Plantaris4. Peroneus longus5. Peroneus brevis6. Tibialis posterior7. Flexor hallucis longus8. Flexor digitorum

longus (not shown)

Dorsiflexors

Plantar flexors

Foot

1. Tibialis anterior2. Tibialis posterior

1. Peroneus tertius2. Peroneus longus3. Peroneus brevis

Invertors

Evertors