1WINDOWS

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WINDOWS There are so many operating

systems exits (i.e. Window, Linux, Unix etc.) but Windows is the most widely used operating system. Windows is the invention of Microsoft.

Windows is a graphical environment, which incorporates all the features of GUI.

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It lays a graphical user interface (GUI) shall around the DOS and extends DOS capabilities.

It is easy to use and capable of multitasking i.e. running several application program simultaneously.

WINDOWS

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WINDOWS Graphic program (Windows) and

character-based programs (DOS) can be run concurrently.

It facilitates to switch between easily multiple program.

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FEATURES OF WINDOWS

For a new user it is easier to learn and use a computer system.

It was designed not to be not just an operating system but also a complete operating environment.

User may run more than one program at a time.

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GRAPHICAL-USER INTERFACE

A computer environment like windows that uses little pictures and symbols is called graphical user interface.

A user-interface acts as a link between computer and the user.

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CHARACTER-USER INTERFACE

A character user-interface uses text to help a user to give commands to the application program.

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VERSION OF WINDOWS Window 3.0 Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows 2000 Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7

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WORKING WITH WINDOWS Start and Quitting a program Create a file, work on it and edit in it. Opening a Document Getting help Searching something on your

computer. Changing System Setting.

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CONTROL PANEL You can use Control Panel for

changing your screen colors, installing and changing setting for hardware and software, setting up or changing for a network.

you can manage your desktop.

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CONTROL PANEL

Changing background Setting up screen saver Installing and remove software Printer Taskbars

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WINDOWS EXPLORER The Windows Explorer graphically

displays your entire computer system in hierarchical tree structure.

The left side of the Explorer screen contains a hierarchical overview of your computer system.

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The right window contains pictorial overview of the contents of whichever device or folder that you select in the left window.

As you select different items in the left windows, the right window changes to reflect your changes.

WINDOWS EXPLORER

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WINDOWS EXPLORER

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ORGANIZING FILES & FOLDERS

Organizing your files and folders include operation like move, copy or delete a file or folder and create a new folder.

You can directly move to a particular file or folder by selection Go to option and entering the respective path

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RECYCLE BIN The files you deleted are put into

the Recycle Bin, a holding place for files you no longer need .

They are not actually removed on your hard disk until you ‘empty’ the recycle bin.

Right click on the deleted file in the Recycle bin and click on Restore option.

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NETWORKING THROUGH WINDOWS A network is a group of computers

connected to each other or to a central server so they can share resources such as documents and printer.

You can use programs and documents from, another computer without pen drive or floppy.

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NETWORKING THROUGH WINDOWS You can print document on a printer

attached to another computer or use another use computer’s fax modem.

You can gain access to internet.

You can receive and send message by using e-mail or connect to your work computer from home.

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INTERNET EXPLORER It provides a platform to connect the

computer to the Internet connection. Which helps in-1. Share information by using e-mail.2. Searching about anything from

across the globe.3. Surfing the websites.

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NOTEPAD Notepad loads more quickly than

WordPad and takes less memory but it has less functionality than Word pad notepad handles only text files up to the file of 64 KB.

It holds about 60 pages of single spaced text.

IMPORTANT ACTION ON NOTEPAD

FILE MENU

New Open Save Save as Page Setup Print Preview Exit

EDIT MENU

Undo Cut Copy Paste Delete Select all

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WORDPAD

The WordPad program is more than a text editor, but slightly less than a word processor.

It offers a large assortment of editing and formatting tools that go beyond the power of Notepad.

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WORKING WITH WORDPAD

To create a new document

To save changes to a document

To open a document

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Setting up the WordPad windows

Displaying the toolbar Displaying the format bar Displaying the ruler bar Displaying the status bar

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PAINT BRUSH

It is drawing program. You can create some fairly

sophisticated art using paint. It provides several kinds of

drawing tools with which you can draw lines and geometric shapes.

It supports color filling and outlining also.

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NEW WAYS OF VIEWING FILES & PICTURES

Thumbnails Taskbar button grouping Keep your desktop clean

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SOME NEW FEATURES OF WINDOWS XP PROFESSIONAL

Web Publishing Wizard Offline Files and Folder Net Meeting Dualview System Restore Facility

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INTERNET

It is a computer network made of thousands of network worldwide.

No one know how many computer are connected to the internet.

It is certain ,however that these number in the millions and are increasing at a rapid rate.

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INTERNET

No one is in the charge of the internet. there are organizations which develop technical aspects of this network, but no governing body is in control.

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HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

The U.S. Department of Defence laid the foundation of the internet roughly 30 years ago with a network called ARPANET, but the general public didn’t use the internet much until after the development of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s.

HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

As recently as June 1993, there were only 130 websites. Now there are millions

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THE BEGINNINGS: ARPANET

In 1957, the U.S. government formed the Advanced Research Project (ARPA), a segment of the Department of Defence changed with ensuring U.S. leadership in science and technology with military applications.

In 1969, ARPA established ARPANET, the forerunner of the internet.

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WORLD WIDE WEB

It is a system of internet servers that support hypertext to access several internet protocol on a single interface.

It is often abbreviated as the Web,WWW or W3.

It was developed by Tim Berners Lee in 1989 in Switzerland.

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WORLD WIDE WEB

The initial purpose of the web was to use networked hypertext to facilitate communication among its numbers, who were located in several countries.

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MAJOR PROTOCOLS ARE ACCESSIBLE ON THE INTERNET

E-mail-(Simple Mail Transport Protocol)-Distributes electronic message and files to one or more electronic mailboxes.

Telnet(Telnet Protocol)-Facilitates login to a computer host to execute commands.

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MAJOR PROTOCOLS ARE ACCESSIBLE ON THE INTERNET

FTP(File Transfer Protocol) –Transfer text or binary files between an FTP server and client.

Usenet(Network News Transfer Protocol or NTTP)Distributes Usenet news article derived from topical discussion on newsgroups.

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HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) –

It transmits hypertext over network. It is a protocol of WWW. Many other protocols are available

on the internet. The World Wide Web provides a

single interface for accessing all these protocols. It creates a convenient and user-friendly environment.

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E-mail It is one of the most popular

features of the internet. You can chat your friends and

family, conducts business, send documents, and stay in touch with people near and far.

You can even check your e-mail while on the road.

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WEB BROWSER

It contains the basic software you need in order to find , retrieve view and send information over the internet.

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FEATURES OF WEB BROWSER

Send and receive e-mail Read messages from newsgroups

about thousands of topics in which users share information and opinions.

Browse the World Wide Web where you can find a rich variety of text, graphics and interactive information.

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HTML (HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE)

Hypertext markup Language is a programming language used to build Websites.

It contains standard codes that determine how a Web page looks when your browser displays it.

HTML tags also make possible the hyperlinks that connect information on the World Wide Web.

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COOKIES

It is a small amount of information stored on your computer by a website.

Information that your Web browser sends back to the site whenever you visit it again.

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COOKIES

Usually the cookie is designed to remind the site of information about you- such as your password for the site or the customized background color you choose so that your browsing is simplified.

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VIRUSES

Viruses usually hidden in programs and activated when the program run.

It can be attached to certain other types of executable files such as special-action Web files and Video files.

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HEED THE WARNING

When you are about to download a type of file that could contains a virus, your browser will display a warning and ask whether you want to open the file or save it to disk.

If you are confident that the files comes from a trustworthy source, you may want to open it. if you are not sure, you may want to cancel your download.

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CHECK THE CERTIFICATE

One way to verify the identity of a site is to check whether it has a web site certificate naming the site’s originator.

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USE AN ANTIVIRUS PROGRAM

There are many antivirus programs such as Kaspersky, Avast, Norton etc.

You can use antivirus for safety of computer.

You can repair damage caused by a virus.