-Pure Water is a Common asset of all mankind-

Management of Produced Water--IN VIEW OF-

3R’s & 3E’sBaig Ali

BE Civil -PakistanM.Sc. (Energy Systems & the Environment)-University of Strathclyde Glasgow Scotland

-Alumni of AKF-Chief Engineer (Civil) -Operations

-Pure Water is a Common asset of all mankind-

-Produced Water Generation and Production.

• 1- Conventional Oil and Gas.

• 2 -Unconventional Resources.

-Current Produced Water Management Practices.

• Produced Water Quality Characterization.• - Salt Concentration and Composition .• - Inorganic Constituents.

• Major Ions .• Minor Ions.

• - Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials.• - Chemical Additives Contents.

I-Technologies/ Treatment of Produced Water.

• - Biological Aerated Filters.• - Hydro cyclone.• - Flotation.• - Adsorption.• - Media Filtration.• - Oxidation.• - Settling.• - Air Stripping.

II-Technologies for Treatment of Produced Water.

• -Surfactant Modified Zeolite Vapor Phase Bioreactor.

• -Constructed Wetlands. • - Granular Activated Carbon. • - Ultraviolet Disinfection. • - Microfiltration/Ultra filtration.

Desalination Technologies.

• Reverse Osmosis and Niño- filtration • Electrodialysis /Electrodialysis Reversal • Forward Osmosis • Hybrid Membrane Processes • Thermal Processes • Alternative Desalination Processes

What we do?

• Media Filtration• Clarification• Dissolved air Filtration• Oil Water Separation• Reverse Osmosis• Nano Filtration Membrane

-Type of Water -

• Produced Water Analysis/Treatment/ Dispose Off-

• Effluent water- of Production & Process Plants-

• Underground Water & Resources for the CSR. • Camp Portable Water Treatment.• Camp Sewage Treatment.

PRODUCED WATER.

• Changing Characteristics of PW, relates with the geochemistry of formations.

• Disposable Options must be capable of handling the changing characteristics.

• Priority Relay on Oil Content & Environmental Friendly Disposal/Usage.

First-R- Reduce Produced Water

• Drilling Cultural of the Company.• Consideration of PW- in Drilling Plan Stage.• Remedial Plan- if Water Cone Created.• Mechanical Blocking Devices.• Water Shut Off Chemicals.• Down Hole Water Separation.• Down the Ground Water Separation.

Second-R,-Reuse Produced Water

• Storage for Reuse after Treatment, as if according per NEQS & IEQS.

• Underground Injection/Utilization.• Agricultural.• Industrial.• Domestic.• Drilling.

Third-R-Recycle of Produced Water

• -Livestock Watering. • -Irrigation.• - Stream Flow Augmentation. • - Rangeland Restoration. • - Domestic.

First-E –Efficiency of the Techniques/Technologies.

• Evolutions of Techniques:• The Plea at this point is not to rush in to the Produced Water

Management or disposal; but to identify the most suitable techniquesthat, the community of E &P may find helpful in selecting a total systemconcept to meet the needs of, in a given situations & a particular regions

.Reliability:• It is important the operators to consider recovery of oil

waste stream as well as PW .• It is equally necessary to insist upon proven reliable

techniques for produced water disposal because producewater generation is directly proportional with the E & Pactivities.

First-E,-Efficiency- Techniques/Technologies

• The Total amount of produced water for disposalis not material amount estimated so, it could be aexact conversions and substitutions.

• It must be emphasized that there is not a singlebest method for making this produced waterenvironmental friendly.

• The pattern will vary locally with the availabilityof resources i.e. resources & techniques, with inpriority of the Company & Country.

Second –E,-Environmental Acceptability.

• Produced water disposal alternatives, mustconsider the implicit & explicit environmentalimpacts, their implementation and thosefound inadequate should not be applied.

• Concern for the environment must be viewedin large context of National & InternationalNEQS & IESQ Standard.

Third- E,- Economic Viability & Flexibility.• The best solution or management of produced water will be

the one with the lowest net cost. If the proposed disposalwill meet the other criteria. More complex techniques wouldbe more expensive, difficult to adopts because of unstableeconomy of Asia and especially South Asia.

• However, the better the techniques, the higher the price &the better the quality.

• Systems should be designed as front – end system that; canbe supplemented by new technology for down and upstream MPW, when such additional equipments becomeavailable and reliable.

Constrains-

• Lack of Awareness from individuals toinstitutions & decision levels.

• Economy constrains- variations country tocountry.

• Regulatory & Implementations-Country toCountry.

• Priorities within the Government & Regulatorybodies, & E & P Companies.

• Top Management Understanding with in thethree,- government, regulatory bodies &Executioners.

RECOMMENDATIONS• The 3R’s -must be look after at the local, regional &

National level i.e. Companies & Countries.• It is necessary to choose a combination of solutions for

Management of Produced Water, most suitable,considering the 3 E’s for that particular situations i.e. againrelate National & International, E & P Companies, -atCountries & Continents levels.

• Technologies related Companies & Management ofProduced Water, must look the subject of today, i.e. thescarcity of Water in Global Scenarios & MPW.

• Oil & Gas Waste Management should develop &implement as a course subject in curriculum of educationlevels in the Developing Countries.

“TOGETHER WE SHALL MAKE THE DIFFERENCE”

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