module #3 history of the conservation movement

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Module #3 Module #3 HISTORY OF THE HISTORY OF THE CONSERVATION MOVEMENT CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

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Module #3 HISTORY OF THE CONSERVATION MOVEMENT. Conservation District History. April 14, 1935 was known as Black Sunday, the largest dust storm in history. Early 1930s – Depression rocked the country Dust Bowl – unparalleled ecologic disaster that drove people from their homes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Module #3Module #3HISTORY OF THE HISTORY OF THE

CONSERVATION MOVEMENTCONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Page 2: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Conservation District HistoryConservation District History► Early 1930s – Depression rocked the countryEarly 1930s – Depression rocked the country► Dust Bowl – unparalleled ecologic disaster that drove people Dust Bowl – unparalleled ecologic disaster that drove people

from their homesfrom their homes► In 1933, President Roosevelt summoned Hugh Bennett, a soil In 1933, President Roosevelt summoned Hugh Bennett, a soil

scientist, to the White House to see what could be donescientist, to the White House to see what could be done► Bennett said that 100 million acres had lost its topsoil, nearly Bennett said that 100 million acres had lost its topsoil, nearly

half had been destroyed and could never be farmed againhalf had been destroyed and could never be farmed again► FDR gave Bennett $5 million in FDR gave Bennett $5 million in

relief funds to start the Soil relief funds to start the Soil Erosion Service,Erosion Service, a temporarya temporaryagency intended to provide reliefagency intended to provide relief

April 14, 1935 was known as Black Sunday, the largest dust storm in history

Page 3: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Conservation District History – Conservation District History – cont’dcont’d

► In 1935, Hugh Hammond Bennett testified before In 1935, Hugh Hammond Bennett testified before Congress to persuade them to fund a permanent agency Congress to persuade them to fund a permanent agency to heal the land.to heal the land. He wanted there to be local control, with every farm community He wanted there to be local control, with every farm community

setting up a soil conservation district.setting up a soil conservation district.

► While talking to Congress, he looked out the window – While talking to Congress, he looked out the window – revealed a “cloud of dust” coming from Black Sunday, revealed a “cloud of dust” coming from Black Sunday, two days ago, on the Great Plainstwo days ago, on the Great Plains

► Congress unanimously passedCongress unanimously passedlegislationlegislation making soil & water making soil & water conservation a national policy conservation a national policy and priorityand priority

Page 4: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Conservation District History – Conservation District History – cont’dcont’d

► 1937 – President Roosevelt wrote governors of 1937 – President Roosevelt wrote governors of all states recommending conservation district all states recommending conservation district enabling legislationenabling legislation Standard Soil Conservation Law – to Standard Soil Conservation Law – to

persuade farmers & landowners to utilize soil persuade farmers & landowners to utilize soil conserving methodsconserving methods

► Brown County SWCD (NC) first conservation Brown County SWCD (NC) first conservation district establisheddistrict established

Today there are nearly Today there are nearly 3,000 conservation 3,000 conservation districts nationwide.districts nationwide.

Page 5: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

SD Conservation District HistorySD Conservation District History

►1937- The first “Soil Conservation Districts” 1937- The first “Soil Conservation Districts” to be organized in South Dakota were the to be organized in South Dakota were the Tri-County and Brown-Marshall districts. Tri-County and Brown-Marshall districts.

►By 1941- Ten more districts were formed By 1941- Ten more districts were formed and that first dozen districts decided to form and that first dozen districts decided to form the State Association of Soil and Water the State Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SDACD) in1943.Conservation Districts (SDACD) in1943.

►1953- District shall consist of five 1953- District shall consist of five supervisors.supervisors.

►There are 69 districts across the state.There are 69 districts across the state.

Page 6: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

SD Assoc. of Cons. Dist. HistorySD Assoc. of Cons. Dist. History►Prior to SDACD’s establishment, the US Prior to SDACD’s establishment, the US

Soil Conservation Service worked closely Soil Conservation Service worked closely with federal Civilian Conservation Corps on with federal Civilian Conservation Corps on local projects from main camps in Alcester, local projects from main camps in Alcester, Huron, Chamberlain and Sturgis and three Huron, Chamberlain and Sturgis and three side camps in Vermillion, Miller and Presho. side camps in Vermillion, Miller and Presho.

►1941- A temporary organization first met 1941- A temporary organization first met ►1942- Organizational meeting of the State 1942- Organizational meeting of the State

Association of Soil and Water Conservation Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts- (officially established in 1943)Districts- (officially established in 1943)

Page 7: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

SD Association of Conservation District SD Association of Conservation District Employee History Employee History

► 1973- SDACDE was formed 1973- SDACDE was formed to encourage efficient, informed and motivated and to encourage efficient, informed and motivated and

district employeesdistrict employees sponsors annual training workshops, leadership sponsors annual training workshops, leadership

conferences, informational materials, and improved conferences, informational materials, and improved communications between districtscommunications between districts

membership open to all district employeesmembership open to all district employees

► 1975- District Employee handbook and filing 1975- District Employee handbook and filing system developedsystem developed

► 1983- Long Range Plan1983- Long Range Plan► 1995- Initiated Karst Memorial Scholarships1995- Initiated Karst Memorial Scholarships► 2007- District Employee Handbook revised2007- District Employee Handbook revised

Page 8: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

SD Association of Conservation SD Association of Conservation Dististrict Auxiliary HistoryDististrict Auxiliary History

► 1952- 1952- OrganizedOrganized for Spouses of conservation for Spouses of conservation district supervisors and staffdistrict supervisors and staff Top priority is conservation education for youthTop priority is conservation education for youth Helped develop and distribute materialsHelped develop and distribute materials

under the Ag in the Classroom programunder the Ag in the Classroom program Developed the Sammy Soil Saver mascotDeveloped the Sammy Soil Saver mascot

Page 9: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

SD Conservation CommissionSD Conservation Commission► 1937- State Legislature established Soil Conservation 1937- State Legislature established Soil Conservation

Districts Law establishing the State Soil Conservation Districts Law establishing the State Soil Conservation Committee, a citizen board appointed by the GovernorCommittee, a citizen board appointed by the Governor

► 1949- State Committee authorized a revolving loan fund 1949- State Committee authorized a revolving loan fund for district use (initial appropriation of $75,000)for district use (initial appropriation of $75,000)

► 1951- An additional $50,000 was added to the revolving 1951- An additional $50,000 was added to the revolving loan fundloan fund

► 1968- Name changed to State Conservation 1968- Name changed to State Conservation Commission consisting of seven membersCommission consisting of seven members

► Since then- Commission expanded to nine members, Since then- Commission expanded to nine members, representing urban, tree industry, water development representing urban, tree industry, water development district, and farming interestsdistrict, and farming interests

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SD Conservation Commission- (cont.)SD Conservation Commission- (cont.)► 1991- Coordinated Soil and Water Conservation 1991- Coordinated Soil and Water Conservation

Plan established specific goals for soil and water Plan established specific goals for soil and water conservation in SDconservation in SD

► 1992- Grants fund established using unclaimed 1992- Grants fund established using unclaimed gas taxgas tax

► 1993- First grants awarded1993- First grants awarded► 2007- Developed the Coordinated Plan for Natural 2007- Developed the Coordinated Plan for Natural

Resources Conservation (revised 1991 plan) Resources Conservation (revised 1991 plan) expanding goals to include not only soil and water, expanding goals to include not only soil and water, but also air, wildlife, and recreationbut also air, wildlife, and recreation

► 2008- Legislature established Soil Conservation 2008- Legislature established Soil Conservation Award programAward program

Page 11: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

NACD HistoryNACD History

► In 1946, 32 soil conservation districts met in In 1946, 32 soil conservation districts met in Washington, DC to form the National Association Washington, DC to form the National Association of Soil Conservation Districts (NASCD).of Soil Conservation Districts (NASCD).

► Over 1600 districts had already formed across Over 1600 districts had already formed across the nation.the nation.

► Early conservation district leaders recognized the Early conservation district leaders recognized the need of a unified message to policy makers. This need of a unified message to policy makers. This is still true today!is still true today!

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SD Dept. of AgricultureSD Dept. of AgricultureDivision of Resource Conservation and Division of Resource Conservation and

Forestry (RC&F)Forestry (RC&F)► 1973 Legislature- Conservation Commission shall be 1973 Legislature- Conservation Commission shall be

administered under the direction and supervision of Division of administered under the direction and supervision of Division of ConservationConservation

► 1975 Legislature- Commission functions relative to conservation 1975 Legislature- Commission functions relative to conservation districts shall be performed by the Division of Conservationdistricts shall be performed by the Division of Conservation

► 1991- Coordinated Soil and Water Conservation Plan established 1991- Coordinated Soil and Water Conservation Plan established specific goals for soil and water conservation in SDspecific goals for soil and water conservation in SD

► 1995- Legislature combined Forestry and Conservation divisions 1995- Legislature combined Forestry and Conservation divisions and changed name to RC&Fand changed name to RC&F

► 2007- Developed the Coordinated Plan for Natural Resources 2007- Developed the Coordinated Plan for Natural Resources Conservation (revised 1991 plan) expanding goals to include not Conservation (revised 1991 plan) expanding goals to include not only soil and water, but also air, wildlife, and recreationonly soil and water, but also air, wildlife, and recreation

► 2008- Legislature established Soil Conservation Award program2008- Legislature established Soil Conservation Award program

Page 13: Module #3 HISTORY OF THE  CONSERVATION MOVEMENT

Natural Resources Conservation Natural Resources Conservation ServiceService

► 1933- Soil Erosion Service began1933- Soil Erosion Service began► 1935- Name changed to Soil Conservation Service1935- Name changed to Soil Conservation Service► 1952- Merger of Soil survey into SCS1952- Merger of Soil survey into SCS► 1960s and 70s- Expansion of interpretations of the 1960s and 70s- Expansion of interpretations of the

soil survey informationsoil survey information► 1985- Food Security Act tremendously increased 1985- Food Security Act tremendously increased

the SDS workloadthe SDS workload► 1988- SCS became increasingly involved in efforts 1988- SCS became increasingly involved in efforts

to improve and enhance water qualityto improve and enhance water quality