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Missouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION COURSE 9-20-06 1-29-07 11-18-09 11-10-10

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Page 1: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

Missouri University of Science & Technology

Department of Civil, Architectural, and

Environmental Engineering

MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO

(TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION

COURSE

9-20-06 1-29-07 11-18-09 11-10-10

Page 2: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
Page 3: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

COURSE OBJECTIVE

To bring together the diverse standpoints in a paving project to share in a common training program that shows not only how but why the TSR QC/QA procedures are performed.

Page 4: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
Page 5: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

TSR CERTIFICATION COURSE

2010-2011 Revised 11-19-09; 11-15-10

Time Module Location Topic Instructor 8:00-8:15 Intro

Lecture Intro/welcome Richardson

8:15-9:40 Lecture TSR Richardson 9:50-?? Lab Lab demo:

Shipping Sample TSR test

Hands-on practice

Lusher

½ hour Lecture Course Review Richardson 2 hours Lecture Written Exam Richardson Once written exam is complete, the attendee can start their proficiency exam. Whether the attendee wants to leave for lunch is their decision. Proficiency exam proctor will be on duty until all attendees have finished their proficiency exam. ?-Until all have finished

Lab Proficiency Exam Lusher

TSR Schedule 2010-2011 (11-15-10).doc

Page 6: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
Page 7: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

MoDOTMoDOT TSR QC/QATSR QC/QA

TRAINING/CERTIFICATIONTRAINING/CERTIFICATION COURSECOURSE

Missouri University of Science & Missouri University of Science & TechnologyTechnology

Department of Civil, Architectural, and Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering

99--2121--060611--2929--07071111--99--070744--2424--080855--1313--090955--1414--0909

1111--1818--09091111--1111--1010

Page 8: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
Page 9: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

MoDOTMoDOTTSR QC/QATSR QC/QA

TRAINING/CERTIFICATIONTRAINING/CERTIFICATIONCOURSECOURSE

Missouri University of Science & TechnologyMissouri University of Science & Technology

Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental EngineeringEngineering

99--2121--060611--2929--07071111--99--070744--2424--080855--1313--090955--1414--09091111--1818--09091111--1111--1010

AASHTO T283 AASHTO T283 Tensile Strength RatioTensile Strength Ratio

(TSR)(TSR)

Resistance of Compacted Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to MoistureAsphalt Mixtures to Moisture--

Induced DamageInduced Damage

3

SCOPESCOPE

BackgroundBackground TSR Role in QC/QATSR Role in QC/QA SamplingSampling Test procedureTest procedure Field verificationField verification

Page 10: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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Why are we concerned with Why are we concerned with Moisture Sensitivity?Moisture Sensitivity?

Stripping will result if the bond is Stripping will result if the bond is broken between the asphalt cement broken between the asphalt cement and aggregate.and aggregate. Resulting in pavement:Resulting in pavement:

RuttingRuttingShovingShovingRavelingRavelingCrackingCracking

5

MOISTURE DAMAGE MOISTURE DAMAGE (STRIPPING)(STRIPPING)

6

AASHTO TEST METHODS & AASHTO TEST METHODS & SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS

R35 Volumetric Design PracticeR35 Volumetric Design Practice M323 Volumetric Design M323 Volumetric Design SpecsSpecs R30 Mix ConditioningR30 Mix Conditioning T 312 Gyro operationT 312 Gyro operation T 166 Bulk Sp Gravity of T 166 Bulk Sp Gravity of gyro pucksgyro pucks T 209 Max Sp Gravity of T 209 Max Sp Gravity of VoidlessVoidless Mix (Rice)Mix (Rice) T 283 Moisture SensitivityT 283 Moisture Sensitivity R 47 HMA Sample SplittingR 47 HMA Sample Splitting D 3549 Thickness of SpecimensD 3549 Thickness of Specimens

Page 11: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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What is What is TTensile ensile SStrength trength RRatio?atio?

Moisture Sensitivity of Asphalt Moisture Sensitivity of Asphalt MixturesMixtures

Affects the structural integrity of Affects the structural integrity of a mixture.a mixture.

Based on the ratio of the tensile Based on the ratio of the tensile strength of a set of conditioned to strength of a set of conditioned to a set of unconditioned specimens a set of unconditioned specimens expressed as a %.expressed as a %.

8

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Moisture SensitivityAASHTO T 283

• Measured on proposed aggregate blend and asphalt content

• Reduced compactive effort to increase voids

3 Conditioned Specimens 3 Dry Specimens

Vacuum saturate specimensSoak at 60oC for 24 hoursSoak at 25oC for 2 hours

Freeze at -18 C for 16 hrs min.

9

TSRTSR

33

Calculate the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR)

A minimum of 80% needed

Moisture SensitivityAASHTO T 283

Determine the tensile strengths of both sets of 3 specimens

TSR = Avg. wet tensile strength

Avg. dry tensile strength

Greater than 80%

Page 12: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TYPICAL TEST RESULTSTYPICAL TEST RESULTS

Range in initial mix design: 40Range in initial mix design: 40--95+ %95+ %

11

SCOPESCOPE

BackgroundBackground TSR Role in QC/QATSR Role in QC/QA SamplingSampling Test procedureTest procedure Field verificationField verification

12

TSR RoleTSR Role

Mix design/acceptanceMix design/acceptance Field Verification of mixField Verification of mix

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DURING MIX DESIGNDURING MIX DESIGNIn Addition to Field Verification StepsIn Addition to Field Verification Steps

Mixture prepared in labMixture prepared in lab After mixing, place mixture in a pan and After mixing, place mixture in a pan and

cool at room temperature for 2.0 cool at room temperature for 2.0 ±± 0.5 hrs0.5 hrs Place in oven on perforated shelf (or on Place in oven on perforated shelf (or on

spacers) at 60spacers) at 60°° C for 16 C for 16 ±± 1 hrs1 hrs

14

MIX DESIGN ACCEPTANCEMIX DESIGN ACCEPTANCE

TSR TSR ≥≥ 70% for 70% for BB and BPBB and BP mixes (for mixes (for aggregate fractions containing aggregate fractions containing ≥≥ 10% 10% minus #30 with PI >3)minus #30 with PI >3)

TSR TSR >> 80% for 80% for Superpave Superpave mixesmixes

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TSR RoleTSR Role

Mix design/acceptanceMix design/acceptance Field Verification of mixField Verification of mix

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BB and BP MixesBB and BP Mixes Engineering Policy Guide 401.2.3: Additional Engineering Policy Guide 401.2.3: Additional

TSR testing is warranted if: In the field, if TSR testing is warranted if: In the field, if the PI of the fine aggregate fractions has the PI of the fine aggregate fractions has significantly increased or the overall quality significantly increased or the overall quality of the aggregate has changedof the aggregate has changed

If a source has a history of stripping, MoDOT If a source has a history of stripping, MoDOT may require TSR testing during design and/or may require TSR testing during design and/or productionproduction

17

SUPERPAVE TSR SUPERPAVE TSR PAY ADJUSTMENTPAY ADJUSTMENT

TSRTSR % of Contract price% of Contract price

≥≥9090 103103

7575--8989 100100

7070--7474 9898

6565--6969 9797

<65<65 RemoveRemove

18

SCOPESCOPE

BackgroundBackground TSR Role in QC/QATSR Role in QC/QA SamplingSampling Test procedureTest procedure Field verificationField verification

Page 15: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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Sampling Field TSRSampling Field TSRQC/QAQC/QA

During production, loose mix samples will During production, loose mix samples will be taken and quartered as described in be taken and quartered as described in EPG Section 403.1.5EPG Section 403.1.5

QC has the option of taking loose mix QC has the option of taking loose mix samples from any point in the samples from any point in the production process. production process.

QA samples should be taken from the QA samples should be taken from the same point as the QC, althoughsame point as the QC, although not at not at the same timethe same time

20

LOOSE MIX: LOOSE MIX: TSR SampleTSR Sample

QC: 1 per 10,000 tonsQC: 1 per 10,000 tons

QA: 1 per 50,000 tons or one per mix QA: 1 per 50,000 tons or one per mix (combination of projects) (combination of projects)

[contract with several projects with same [contract with several projects with same mix, totaling < 50,000 tons)mix, totaling < 50,000 tons)

Random locations by spec (not enforced)Random locations by spec (not enforced)

21

SAMPLING:SAMPLING:QCQC

QC gets their own TSR sample (~75) QC gets their own TSR sample (~75) lbs plus a retained 75 lb sample for QAlbs plus a retained 75 lb sample for QA

Depth: full depth of the course (if Depth: full depth of the course (if roadway sample)roadway sample)

Page 16: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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SAMPLING:SAMPLING:QAQA

QA gets their own QA gets their own ““independentindependent””250 lb sample, retain 125 lbs250 lb sample, retain 125 lbs

23

TSR SAMPLINGTSR SAMPLING

RoadwayRoadway Plant dischargePlant dischargeTruckTruck

24

TSR SamplingTSR Sampling--RoadwayRoadway

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CAUTIONCAUTION

Filling one bucket at a time may render Filling one bucket at a time may render different characteristics bucketdifferent characteristics bucket--toto--bucketbucket------better to place one shovelful better to place one shovelful per bucket at a timeper bucket at a time

Should recombine and quarterShould recombine and quarter

26

PLANT DISCHARGEPLANT DISCHARGE

27

Truck SamplingTruck Sampling

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CAUTIONCAUTION

Sampling methods (eg. length of arms) Sampling methods (eg. length of arms) limit the position of sampling in the limit the position of sampling in the truck bedtruck bed

DonDon’’t leave sample boxes uncovered at t leave sample boxes uncovered at this locationthis location——may get contaminated may get contaminated with dust and overspray of release with dust and overspray of release agentagent

29

HOT MIX SPLITTINGHOT MIX SPLITTING

MoDOT is now using AASHTO R 47MoDOT is now using AASHTO R 47 Details the use of optional :Details the use of optional :

Quartering templatesQuartering templates ““QuartermasterQuartermaster”” Riffle splittersRiffle splitters Incremental (loaf) Incremental (loaf)

30

QUARTERMASTERQUARTERMASTER

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32

33

Page 20: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO

R 47 R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 pilesCombine opposite quarters, producing 2 piles Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary. Pull Rice if necessary.

35

Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split.

Retained

Retained

36

NoteNote--you will need about 175 lbs if you you will need about 175 lbs if you do this stepdo this step——if not, 75 lbs will workif not, 75 lbs will work

Page 21: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO

R 47 R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 pilesCombine opposite quarters, producing 2 piles Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary. Pull Rice if necessary.

38

Combine remaining 2 quarters Combine remaining 2 quarters

Use

Use

Combine opposite corners

39

SAMPLE SIZESAMPLE SIZE

Need ~ 175 lbs to follow this whole Need ~ 175 lbs to follow this whole procedureprocedure

Need ~ 75 lbs if you skip the first 3 Need ~ 75 lbs if you skip the first 3 stepssteps

Page 22: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per Sample for TSR is quartered per

AASHTO R 47 AASHTO R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 Combine opposite quarters, producing 2

pilespiles Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary. Pull Rice if necessary.

41

Quarter AgainQuarter Again

42

TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per Sample for TSR is quartered per

AASHTO R 47 AASHTO R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 piles2 piles

Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary. Pull Rice if necessary.

Page 23: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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Combine opposite quarters, producing Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 piles2 piles

Combine oppositequarters

Combine opposite quarters

44

2 Piles2 Piles

45

TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per Sample for TSR is quartered per

AASHTO R 47 AASHTO R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 Combine opposite quarters, producing 2

pilespiles Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary. Pull Rice if necessary.

Page 24: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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Quarter each pile. Now have 8 Quarter each pile. Now have 8 splits.splits.

47

TSR Sample QuarteringTSR Sample Quartering Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO Sample for TSR is quartered per AASHTO

R 47 R 47 Opposing 2 quarters are removed and Opposing 2 quarters are removed and

combined for the retained split.combined for the retained split. Combine remaining 2 quartersCombine remaining 2 quarters Quarter againQuarter again Combine opposite quarters, producing 2 pilesCombine opposite quarters, producing 2 piles Quarter each half again. Now have 8 splits.Quarter each half again. Now have 8 splits. Pull 6 pucks.Pull 6 pucks. Pull Rice if necessary.Pull Rice if necessary.

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Obtain four TSR puck amountsObtain four TSR puck amounts

TSR

TSR

TSR

TSR

Page 25: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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Obtain two TSR puck amounts Obtain two TSR puck amounts and a Riceand a Rice

TSR

Rice

TSR

50

Volumetrics puckTSR puck

51

QA TSR SampleQA TSR Sample QA inspector will box up 125 lbs QA inspector will box up 125 lbs

loose mix sample and ship to the loose mix sample and ship to the Central Lab for testingCentral Lab for testing

Each box should contain as Each box should contain as representative a sample as possible representative a sample as possible (eg. contain all fines, etc)(eg. contain all fines, etc)

Page 26: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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53

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QA TSR Sample, contQA TSR Sample, cont’’d.d.

Central Lab will determine the TSR Central Lab will determine the TSR puck weight to be used from puck weight to be used from testing one of the boxestesting one of the boxes

Central Lab will combine the Central Lab will combine the remaining samples and go through remaining samples and go through the splitting procedurethe splitting procedure

Page 27: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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QA TSR SampleQA TSR Sample

Field QA should also retain a 125 Field QA should also retain a 125 lbssample lbssample (Do not send to Central Lab (Do not send to Central Lab unless asked for. Discard only after unless asked for. Discard only after issues of favorable comparison issues of favorable comparison between QC and QA have been between QC and QA have been determined)determined)

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TSR BOX INFOTSR BOX INFO

Site Manager ID numberSite Manager ID number Mix numberMix number GGmmmm from sublot taken (QC or QA)from sublot taken (QC or QA) Specimen weight QC is usingSpecimen weight QC is using

57

SCOPESCOPE

BackgroundBackground TSR Role in QC/QATSR Role in QC/QA SamplingSampling Test procedureTest procedure Field verificationField verification

Page 28: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR TEST PROCEDURETSR TEST PROCEDURE Determine TSR puck weightsDetermine TSR puck weights Compact pucks, run specific gravityCompact pucks, run specific gravity Run Rice specific gravityRun Rice specific gravity Calculate air voidsCalculate air voids Break dry pucksBreak dry pucks Condition wet pucksCondition wet pucks Break wet pucksBreak wet pucks Calculate TSRCalculate TSR Inspect conditioned pucksInspect conditioned pucks

59

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

Gyratory compactor & 150 mm diameter Gyratory compactor & 150 mm diameter moldsmolds

Oven: room temperature up to 176 Oven: room temperature up to 176 ±±3 3 °°CC BalanceBalance Rice specific gravity equipmentRice specific gravity equipment

60

EQUIPMENT, contEQUIPMENT, cont’’d.d.

Water bath at 25 Water bath at 25 ±± 0.5 0.5 °°CC Water bath at 60 Water bath at 60 ±± 1 1 °°CC Plastic bagsPlastic bags Cling filmCling film

Page 29: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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EQUIPMENT, contEQUIPMENT, cont’’d.d.

Vacuum dessicatorVacuum dessicator Vacuum pump @ up to 26Vacuum pump @ up to 26”” mercurymercury TimerTimer Damp towelDamp towel

62

EQUIPMENT, contEQUIPMENT, cont’’d.d.

10 ml graduated cylinder10 ml graduated cylinder Freezer @ Freezer @ --18 18 ±± 3 3 °°CC Load frame (2 in per min movement)Load frame (2 in per min movement) Indirect tensile strength breaking headIndirect tensile strength breaking head

63

ESTIMATE TSR PUCK MASSESTIMATE TSR PUCK MASS

Enough to fill a cylinder 150 mm Enough to fill a cylinder 150 mm diameter and 95 mm heightdiameter and 95 mm height

Less 7.0% air voidsLess 7.0% air voids Less side dimplesLess side dimples

The calculation of required mass will be The calculation of required mass will be a starting pointa starting point------experience will fineexperience will fine--tune the actual mass requiredtune the actual mass required

Page 30: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR PUCK MASSTSR PUCK MASS

Mix is constantly changing (e.g. bin % Mix is constantly changing (e.g. bin % changes)changes)

Exact %Exact %’’s of each material is changings of each material is changing Each material has a different specific Each material has a different specific

gravitygravity So, volumes of each material are So, volumes of each material are

changingchanging So, mix mass must change to keep 7.0% So, mix mass must change to keep 7.0%

air voids constantair voids constant

TSR PUCK MASSTSR PUCK MASS

The following slides present one method The following slides present one method for determining mass of puck to result for determining mass of puck to result in 7.0% air voids & 95 mm tall. The in 7.0% air voids & 95 mm tall. The method is not mandatorymethod is not mandatory

There may be equally useful methodsThere may be equally useful methods

65

66

TSR PUCK MASSTSR PUCK MASS

Do a weightDo a weight--volume calculation to get volume calculation to get initial massinitial mass

Adjust via the most recent puck history Adjust via the most recent puck history (say, volumetric pucks)(say, volumetric pucks)

FineFine--tune with experiencetune with experience

Page 31: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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TSR PUCK MASSTSR PUCK MASSMoving target:Moving target:

95 mm

150 mmMass to get

7.0% air voids

But…dimples:

So, adjust mass according to how the mix is behaving (info from other compacted pucks)

68

CALCULATION OF MASS CALCULATION OF MASS REQUIREDREQUIRED

FOR 7.0% AIR VOIDSFOR 7.0% AIR VOIDS

Obtain Obtain GGmmmm for the sampled for the sampled roadway mat arearoadway mat area

69

CAUTIONCAUTION

The GThe Gmm mm needs to be representativeneeds to be representative-- if if not, the computed air voids will be not, the computed air voids will be wrongwrong

Page 32: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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CALCULATION OF MASS CALCULATION OF MASS REQUIREDREQUIRED

FOR 7.0% AIR VOIDSFOR 7.0% AIR VOIDS

From test data of QC or QA From test data of QC or QA volumetric pucks, average several volumetric pucks, average several GGmbmb values appropriate for the TSR values appropriate for the TSR sampled mat area: sampled mat area: GGmb,measmb,meas

71

GGmb,estmb,est

Compute the GCompute the Gmbmb as if there were no as if there were no side voids (dimples) = side voids (dimples) = GGmb,estmb,est

Thus, for the same mass, the volume will Thus, for the same mass, the volume will be larger, and Gbe larger, and Gmbmb should increaseshould increase

72

CALCULATION OF MASS CALCULATION OF MASS REQUIREDREQUIRED

FOR 7.0% AIR VOIDSFOR 7.0% AIR VOIDS Average the mass (Average the mass (MMmeasmeas) of each of ) of each of

the Gthe Gmbmb pucks (recent historical data)pucks (recent historical data) Average the puck height (from gyro Average the puck height (from gyro

printout) h @ Nprintout) h @ Ndesdes ((hhxx) of each of the ) of each of the GGmbmb puckspucks

Calculate the Calculate the GGmb,estmb,est

Where d= diameter of puck (15.0 cm)Where d= diameter of puck (15.0 cm)And hAnd hxx in cmin cm

,2d x

measmb estimated

MGh

4

Page 33: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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CALCULATION OF MASS CALCULATION OF MASS REQUIREDREQUIRED

FOR 7.0% AIR VOIDSFOR 7.0% AIR VOIDS Calculate Calculate ““C C ””

Gmb(measured)C experience

Gmb(estimated)

74

CALCULATION OF MASS CALCULATION OF MASS REQUIREDREQUIRED

FOR 7.0% AIR VOIDSFOR 7.0% AIR VOIDS Calculate the required Calculate the required massmass for for

7.0% air voids7.0% air voids(0.93)((0.93)(ππ)(d)(d22/4)(h)(Gmm)/4)(h)(Gmm)

Mass = Mass = ----------------------------------------------------------CC

If d=15.0 cm and h= 9.5 cm:If d=15.0 cm and h= 9.5 cm:

C

. Gmm21561Mass

75

QCQA\TSRmassEstimate.xls TSR PUCK MASS ESTIMATION

Job No. Mix TypeRoute FormationsCounty LedgesContractor Binder TypeDate Binder Amount, %

Gyro Puck Information:

Specimen 1 2 3 4 AvgMmeas(g) 4601.7 4598 4600.3 4600.0Gmb,meas 2.321 2.314 2.325 2.320h, Ndes(mm) 114.3 114.6 114.5 114.5

Mmeas,avg diam,avg(cm) h,Ndes(cm) Gmb,est Gmb,meas.avg C Gmm4600.0 15.0 11.45 2.273 2.320 1.020 2.427

pi 3.141592654 Mass(g)Theoretical mass 3713Additional material

C= (Gmb,meas.avg) / (Gmb,est) Other adjustmentsTotal mass 3713

Gmb,est= (Mmeas,avg) / [(pi)*(d^2)*(h,Ndes) / 4]

Mass= (0.93)*[(pi)*(d^2)*(9.5)] / 4]*(Gmm) / C

TSR MASSTSR MASS

Page 34: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

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ount

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uck

In

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ati

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:

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4601

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mb,

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321

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325

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m)

114.

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cm)

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320

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ass

(g)

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retic

al m

ass

3713

Add

ition

al m

ater

ial

C=

(Gm

b,m

eas.

avg)

/ (

Gm

b,es

t)O

ther

adj

ustm

ents

Tota

l mas

s37

13G

mb,

est=

(Mm

eas,

avg)

/ [

(pi)*

(d^2

)*(h

,Nde

s) /

4]

Mas

s=(0

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*[(p

i)*(d

2̂)*(

9.5)

] /

4]*(

Gm

m)

/ C

TSR

MASS

TSR

MASS

Page 35: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

76

FIELD VERIFICATIONFIELD VERIFICATION The following slides relate to TSR The following slides relate to TSR

testing of field samplestesting of field samples

DAILY PROCEDUREDAILY PROCEDUREOutlineOutline

Day 1: Compact pucksDay 1: Compact pucks Day 2: Day 2:

Determine GDetermine Gmbmb of pucksof pucks Calculate air voidsCalculate air voids Group into two sets of 3Group into two sets of 3 Saturate the Wet setSaturate the Wet set Put Wet set into freezerPut Wet set into freezer Start air drying of Dry setStart air drying of Dry set

77

DAILY PROCEDUREDAILY PROCEDUREOutlineOutline

Day 3:Day 3: Test Dry setTest Dry set Start high temperature conditioning of Start high temperature conditioning of

Wet setWet set Day 4: Day 4:

Test Wet setTest Wet set Calculate TSRCalculate TSR

78

Page 36: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

79

TEST PROCEDURE Day 1TEST PROCEDURE Day 1

Reheat the mix to compaction Reheat the mix to compaction temperature temperature ±± 3 3 °°C.C.

Use sufficient mix to achieve 7.0 Use sufficient mix to achieve 7.0 ±± 0.5% 0.5% air voids in a 95 mm tall puck.air voids in a 95 mm tall puck. Note: SMA mixes require 6.0Note: SMA mixes require 6.0±±0.5% air 0.5% air

voids.voids. If using roadway volumetrics, aging mix may If using roadway volumetrics, aging mix may

be necessary to achieve correct voids.be necessary to achieve correct voids.

80

DAY 1DAY 1 Set gyro to Set gyro to ““Height Height

controlcontrol”” modemode Compact 6 pucks Compact 6 pucks

(actually, will make 1 (actually, will make 1 or more trial pucks; or more trial pucks; may wish to compact may wish to compact several extra pucks)several extra pucks)

Store at room Store at room temperature for 24 temperature for 24 ±±3 hrs.3 hrs.

81

TSRTSRConditioned pucks

Rice

Unconditioned pucks

Page 37: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

82

DAY 2:DAY 2:Determine Air VoidsDetermine Air Voids

Determine GDetermine Gmb mb for all 6+ pucks for all 6+ pucks (follow T166(follow T166——thus, pucks need to be thus, pucks need to be tested at 25tested at 25°° C)C)

Determine Rice gravity (GDetermine Rice gravity (Gmm) ) [must be representative of TSR mix][must be representative of TSR mix]

83

DETERMINE GDETERMINE Gmbmb

Testing

Obtain mass of dry compacted sample

84

Rice vacuumRice vacuumMaximum Specific Gravity Test (Rice)

Page 38: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

85

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7

Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

86

DETERMINE %AIR VOIDSDETERMINE %AIR VOIDS

Having tested Rice, calculate air Having tested Rice, calculate air voids of each puck:voids of each puck:

GGmm mm -- GGmbmb

PPaa= = --------------------------------------x100x100GGmmmm

87

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

Page 39: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

85

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83

Rev3

-24-0

4E

xa

mple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exam

ple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

she

et

Dry

Su

bse

tW

et

Sub

set

Spe

cim

en

#1

23

45

6

Weig

ht in

air

(g)

[A]

37

25

.83

74

9.7

375

5.1

38

22

.4375

9.7

36

92

.3

SS

D W

eig

ht (g

) [B

]37

35

.63

76

1.0

376

5.0

38

33

.5377

0.7

37

07

.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]21

14

.32

13

5.9

214

0.2

21

80

.0214

4.3

20

94

.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm

3)

[B -

C]

162

116

25

1625

165

416

26

[B-C

]

Gm

b [

A / (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[

B-C

]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

10

0[G

mm

-Gm

b]/

Gm

mD

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm

3)[

Va]

117

111

10

81

10

10

8P

a[B

-C]/

10

0

Ave

rage

% A

ir V

oid

sD

ry6.9

We

t

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

she

et

Dry

Su

bse

tW

et

Sub

set

Spe

cim

en

#1

23

45

6

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max. Lo

ad

(lb

s)[

P]

385

236

01

3761

156

415

17

119

7In

d.

Ten

s. S

tr.:

ITS

(p

si)*

111

104

10

844

44

6.4

516

*2P

/3.1

41

5tD

* F

or

15

.0 c

m d

iam

ete

r spe

cim

en

[D]

V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

39

02

.9384

6.0

37

87

.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi)

[Sw

et]

We

ight

in a

ir (

g)[

A]

38

22

.4375

9.7

Avg

. D

ry IT

S (

psi)[S

dry

]1

08

Vol.

Ab

sorb

H2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

100S

wet/

Sdry

] D

ry v

olu

me

of

air (

cm

3)[

Va

]1

10

10

8

70

% S

at.

(T

arg

et V

SS

D)

389

938

35

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80

% S

at.

(T

arg

et V

SS

D)

391

038

46

A+

0.8

Va

Air V

oid

s (%

)

% S

atu

ratio

n73

80

10

0J'/V

a

Dry

Sub

se

t %

Air

6.9

in.

Hg

22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Satu

ratio

n (

%)

in.

Hg

25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Su

bse

t

Tim

e in

25

C w

ate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet

Sub

set

NO

TE

: S

had

ed c

ells

indic

ate

T

ime in

Fre

eze

r19h

44m

19

h 1

6m

18h

54m

cells

ne

ed

ing in

pu

t va

lues

(M

inim

um

16

hrs

)

Tim

e in

60

C w

ate

rba

th23h

30m

23

h 3

0m

23h

30m

(24

± 1

hrs

)

Te

st

Tim

e1

2/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

00

312/2

2/2

00

31

2/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

00

312

/22/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4

:20 P

M4:2

5 P

M4

:30 P

M

Page 40: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

87

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83 R

ev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exa

mple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Sp

eci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air (

g)

[A]

3725.8

3749.7

3755.1

3822.4

3759

.73692.3

SS

D W

eig

ht (g

) [B

]3735.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770

.73707.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]2114.3

2135.9

2140.2

2180.0

2144

.32094.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Vo

lum

e (

cm3)

[B -

C]

1621

1625

1625

1654

1626

[B-C

]

Gm

b [A

/ (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[B

-C]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100[G

mm

-Gm

b]/G

mm

Dry

volu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

117

111

108

110

108

Pa[B

-C]/100

Ave

rage %

Air V

oid

sD

ry6.9

Wet

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Sp

eci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Loa

d (

lbs )

[P]

3852

3601

3761

1564

1517

1197

Ind. T

ens.

Str

.:IT

S (

psi

)*111

104

108

44

44

6.4

516*2

P/3

.1415tD

* F

or

15.0

cm

dia

mete

r sp

eci

men[D

] V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

3902.9

3846

.03787.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air (

g)[

A]

3822.4

3759

.7A

vg. D

ry IT

S (

psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vol.

Abso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

10

0S

wet/S

dry

] D

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

3835

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

3846

A+

0.8

Va

Air

Void

s (%

) %

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100J'

/Va

Dry

Subse

t %

Air

6.9

in. H

g22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Sa

tura

tion (

%)

in. H

g25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Subse

t

Tim

e in

25

C w

ate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet S

ubse

t

NO

TE

: S

haded c

ells

indic

ate

T

ime in

Fre

eze

r19h 4

4m

19h 1

6m

18h 5

4m

c

ells

ne

edin

g in

put va

lues

(M

inim

um

16 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60 C

wate

rbath

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

(

24 ±

1 h

rs)

Test T

ime

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5

:30 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4:2

5 P

M4:3

0 P

M

Page 41: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

88

AIR VOIDSAIR VOIDS2 SIMILAR GROUPS2 SIMILAR GROUPS

““WetWet”” and and ““DryDry”” Group the pucks into 2 groups such that Group the pucks into 2 groups such that

average air voids of each group is about average air voids of each group is about equalequal

Testing pucks at extreme end of allowable Testing pucks at extreme end of allowable voids may lead to poor QC/QA comparisonvoids may lead to poor QC/QA comparison

89

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

90

TSRTSR--Conditioned (Wet)Conditioned (Wet)

Rice

Unconditioned pucks

Conditioned pucks

Page 42: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

89

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83

Rev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exa

mple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

she

et

Dry

Su

bse

tW

et S

ub

set

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air

(g

) [A

]3

72

5.8

37

49.7

375

5.1

38

22

.43

75

9.7

369

2.3

SS

D W

eig

ht

(g)

[B]

3735.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770.7

3707.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]2

11

4.3

21

35.9

214

0.2

21

80

.02

14

4.3

209

4.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm3)

[B -

C]

1621

1625

1625

1654

1626

[B-C

]

Gm

b [

A /

(B

- C

)]2

.29

82.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[

B-C

]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100

[Gm

m-G

mb]/

Gm

mD

ry v

olu

me o

f a

ir (

cm3)[

Va]

117

11

11

08

11

01

08

Pa

[B-C

]/1

00

Ave

rage %

Air V

oid

sD

ry6.9

Wet

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

she

et

Dry

Su

bse

tW

et S

ub

set

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Load (

lbs )

[P]

3852

3601

3761

1564

1517

1197

Ind

. T

en

s. S

tr.:

ITS

(p

si)*

111

104

108

44

44

6.4

516*2

P/3

.1415tD

* F

or

15

.0 c

m d

iam

ete

r sp

eci

men

[D]

V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

39

02

.93

84

6.0

378

7.3

Avg

. W

et

ITS

(psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air

(g

)[A

]38

22

.43

75

9.7

Avg

. D

ry IT

S (

psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vo

l. A

bso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

100

Sw

et/S

dry

]

Dry

volu

me o

f a

ir (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

3835

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

3846

A+

0.8

Va

Air V

oid

s (%

)

%

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100J'

/Va

Dry

Su

bse

t %

Air

6.9

in.

Hg

22

23

23

Wet

Subse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Sa

tura

tion (

%)

in.

Hg

25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Su

bse

t

Tim

e in

25 C

wate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

We

t S

ub

set

NO

TE

: S

ha

de

d c

ells

ind

icate

Tim

e in

Fre

eze

r1

9h 4

4m

19

h 1

6m

18h

54

m

cells

nee

din

g in

put

valu

es

(Min

imu

m 1

6 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60

C w

ate

rba

th2

3h 3

0m

23

h 3

0m

23h

30

m

(

24 ±

1 h

rs)

Test

Tim

e12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4:2

5 P

M4:3

0 P

M

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91

Day 2, ContDay 2, Cont’’d.d.Wet PucksWet Pucks

Overview: Vacuum saturate the 3 other Overview: Vacuum saturate the 3 other pucks that are to be pucks that are to be ““conditionedconditioned””..

92

VACUUM SATURATIONVACUUM SATURATIONWet PucksWet Pucks

Permissible range: 70Permissible range: 70--80%80% PrePre--calculate partially saturated puck calculate partially saturated puck

weights at 70 and 80%weights at 70 and 80% By iteration, progressively vacuum & By iteration, progressively vacuum &

weigh at intervals until puck weight is in weigh at intervals until puck weight is in the permissible weight rangethe permissible weight range

93

Day 2: Wet PucksDay 2: Wet Pucks Determine the surface dry weight.Determine the surface dry weight.

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94

VACUUM SATURATION, VACUUM SATURATION, contcont’’d.d.

Place puck in vacuum chamber and submerge in Place puck in vacuum chamber and submerge in water (water (≥≥ 11”” cover and cover and ≥≥ 11”” above chamber above chamber bottom)bottom)

Apply 10Apply 10--2626”” (suggested 23(suggested 23””) mercury vacuum ) mercury vacuum for 5for 5--10 (suggested 8) minutes10 (suggested 8) minutes

If use high/fast vacuum, may get uneven If use high/fast vacuum, may get uneven saturationsaturation——poor QC/QA comparisonpoor QC/QA comparison

Slowly remove vacuumSlowly remove vacuum Let puck set in water for 5Let puck set in water for 5--10 minutes10 minutes Remove puck, quickly surface dry with a damp Remove puck, quickly surface dry with a damp

toweltowel

95

Day 2, ContDay 2, Cont’’d. Wet Pucksd. Wet Pucks Determine the saturated surface dry Determine the saturated surface dry

weight (T 166).weight (T 166).

If in the 70 If in the 70 --80% saturation weight range, wrap 80% saturation weight range, wrap in cling film, place in plastic bag, add 10 in cling film, place in plastic bag, add 10 ±± 0.5 0.5 ml water, seal.ml water, seal.

Calculate % saturationCalculate % saturation

96

Day 2Day 2Calculation of % SaturationCalculation of % Saturation

E (volume) = B E (volume) = B -- CCB = puck SSD weightB = puck SSD weightC = puck weight in waterC = puck weight in water

[[““BB”” & & ““CC”” from Gfrom Gmbmb testing]testing]

100

E Pa voids) air of (volume Va

Page 45: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

97

JJ’’ (volume of absorbed water) = B(volume of absorbed water) = B’’ –– AABB’’ = SSD weight after saturation= SSD weight after saturationA = puck dry weight in air A = puck dry weight in air [[““AA”” fromfrom GGmbmbtesting]testing]

aV

J' 100 Saturation %

98

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

99

% SATURATION, Cont.% SATURATION, Cont. If the saturation is less than 70%, reIf the saturation is less than 70%, re--vacuum vacuum

at 26at 26”” mercury vacuum for 1 minute. Slowly mercury vacuum for 1 minute. Slowly remove vacuum. Let puck set in water for 5remove vacuum. Let puck set in water for 5--10 10 minutes (if this is omitted, QA & QC may not minutes (if this is omitted, QA & QC may not compare)compare)

Check saturationCheck saturation Repeat as necessary Repeat as necessary

If the saturation is greater than 80%, puck is If the saturation is greater than 80%, puck is considered destroyed and must be discarded.considered destroyed and must be discarded.

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98

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83 R

ev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

be

rE

xam

ple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ub

set

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air (

g)

[A]

37

25.8

3749.7

3755.1

3822.4

3759.7

36

92.3

SS

D W

eig

ht (g

) [B

]37

35.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770.7

37

07.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]21

14.3

2135.9

2140.2

2180.0

2144.3

20

94.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm3)

[B -

C]

162

11

625

1625

1654

16

26

[B-C

]

Gm

b [A

/ (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[B

-C]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100

[Gm

m-G

mb]/

Gm

mD

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

117

111

10

8110

108

Pa[B

-C]/

100

Ave

rage %

Air

Void

sD

ry6

.9W

et

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

shee

tD

ry S

ubse

tW

et S

ub

set

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Loa

d (

lbs )

[P]

385

23

601

3761

1564

15

17

11

97

Ind. T

ens.

Str

.:IT

S (

psi

)*111

104

10

844

44

6.4

516

*2P

/3.1

415tD

* F

or

15.0

cm

dia

mete

r sp

eci

men[D

] V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

3902.9

3846.0

37

87.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air

(g)[

A]

3822.4

3759.7

Avg

. D

ry I

TS

(psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vol.

Abso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

10

0S

wet/S

dry

] D

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

38

35

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

38

46

A+

0.8

Va

Air V

oid

s (%

)

%

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100

J'/V

a

Dry

Subse

t %

Air

6.9

in.

Hg

22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Satu

ratio

n (

%)

in.

Hg

25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Subse

t

Tim

e in

25 C

wate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h

55

m2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet S

ub

set

NO

TE

: S

haded

cells

indic

ate

Tim

e in

Fre

eze

r19h 4

4m

19h 1

6m

18h 5

4m

c

ells

needin

g in

put

valu

es

(Min

imu

m 1

6 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60 C

wate

rbath

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

(

24

± 1

hrs

)

Test

Tim

e12

/22/2

00

31

2/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12

/22

/200

3

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4

:25

PM

4:3

0 P

M

Page 47: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

100

DAY 2, ContDAY 2, Cont’’d. Wet Pucksd. Wet Pucks When saturation is 70When saturation is 70--

80%, wrap the pucks in 80%, wrap the pucks in plastic, place in bag with plastic, place in bag with 10cc water, seal, and place 10cc water, seal, and place in freezer at in freezer at --18 18 ±± 3 3 °°CC for for at least 16 hrs.at least 16 hrs. Verify Verify temperature throughout the temperature throughout the freezer.freezer.

Do not allow specimens to Do not allow specimens to drain after saturation but drain after saturation but prior to freezingprior to freezing

101

TSRTSR--UnconditionedUnconditioned(Dry Pucks)(Dry Pucks)

Conditioned pucks

Rice

Unconditioned pucks

102

DAY 2 DAY 2 Dry PucksDry Pucks

Let the 3 unconditioned pucks air dry at Let the 3 unconditioned pucks air dry at room temperature for 24 room temperature for 24 ±± 3 hrs until 3 hrs until Day 3Day 3

CAUTION: If tested damp, this may CAUTION: If tested damp, this may change indirect tensile strength (and change indirect tensile strength (and TSR)TSR)

Page 48: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

103

DAY 3DAY 3Dry PucksDry Pucks

Bag the 3 unconditioned pucks, place in water bath Bag the 3 unconditioned pucks, place in water bath at 25 at 25 ±± 0.5 C for 2 hrs 0.5 C for 2 hrs ±± 10 min. Indirect tensile 10 min. Indirect tensile strength is very sensitive to temperaturestrength is very sensitive to temperature

104

BAGGING/STANDARD BAGGING/STANDARD TEMPERATURE PROCEDURETEMPERATURE PROCEDURE

Place each Place each ““drydry”” puck into a heavypuck into a heavy--duty duty leakleak--proof plastic bagproof plastic bag

Submerge in the water bath; pucks Submerge in the water bath; pucks covered by at least 1 in. of water. covered by at least 1 in. of water. Creation of an air bath within the water Creation of an air bath within the water bath may not give equivalent resultsbath may not give equivalent results

Remove pucks from water, determine Remove pucks from water, determine puck thickness (t)puck thickness (t)

105

DETERMINE THICKNESSDETERMINE THICKNESS

Use a calipersUse a calipersoror

Use puck height from gyro printoutUse puck height from gyro printout

Page 49: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

106

DAY 3, ContDAY 3, Cont’’d. Dry Pucksd. Dry Pucks

Test for indirect Test for indirect tensile strength (Stensile strength (S11):):

Apply load at 2Apply load at 2”” travel travel per minute.per minute.

Record maximum load.Record maximum load.

107

CALCULATIONS:CALCULATIONS:DRY TENSILE STRENGTHDRY TENSILE STRENGTH

Calculate dry indirect tensile Calculate dry indirect tensile strength, Sstrength, S11 (psi):(psi):

2 P2 PSS11==--------------------------------

ΠΠtDtDP= load (lbs)P= load (lbs)t=dry puck thickness (in.)t=dry puck thickness (in.)D= puck diameter (6 in.)D= puck diameter (6 in.)

108

ORORUsing metric puck Using metric puck measurements:measurements:

Indirect Tensile Strength Indirect Tensile Strength ““DryDry”” ,S,S11 (psi)(psi)

P = load (lbs)P = load (lbs)t = puck thickness (cm)t = puck thickness (cm)D = puck diameter (15.0 cm)D = puck diameter (15.0 cm)

45166xP2

S1 . D t

Page 50: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

109

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

110

DAY 3, cont.(Wet Pucks)DAY 3, cont.(Wet Pucks) Remove the pucks from bag and place pucks Remove the pucks from bag and place pucks

in a water bath at 60 in a water bath at 60 ±± 1 C for 24 1 C for 24 ±± 1 hr. 1 hr. Unwrap cling film as soon as the film thaws. Unwrap cling film as soon as the film thaws.

111

DAY 4: Wet PucksDAY 4: Wet PucksPlace pucks in water bath at 25 Place pucks in water bath at 25 ±± 0.5 C 0.5 C for 2 hrs for 2 hrs ±± 10 min. Bath must be at 10 min. Bath must be at temp no later than 15 min. after placing temp no later than 15 min. after placing hot pucks. Use ice to help achieve this.hot pucks. Use ice to help achieve this.

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109

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83 R

ev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exa

mple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air (

g)

[A]

3725.8

3749.7

3755.1

3822.4

3759.7

3692.3

SS

D W

eig

ht (g

) [B

]3735.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770.7

3707.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]2114.3

2135.9

2140.2

2180.0

2144.3

2094.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm3)

[B -

C]

1621

1625

1625

1654

1626

[B-C

]

Gm

b [A

/ (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[B

-C]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100[G

mm

-Gm

b]/G

mm

Dry

volu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

117

111

108

110

108

Pa[B

-C]/100

Ave

rage %

Air V

oid

sD

ry6.9

Wet

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[t]

9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Load (

lbs )

[P]

3852

3601

3761

1564

1517

1197

Ind. T

ens.

Str

.:IT

S (

psi

)*111

104

108

44

44

6.4

516*2

P/3

.1415tD

* F

or

15.0

cm

dia

mete

r sp

eci

men[D

] V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

3902.9

3846.0

3787.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air (

g)[

A]

3822.4

3759.7

Avg

. D

ry IT

S (

psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vol.

Abso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

100S

wet/S

dry

] D

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

3835

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

3846

A+

0.8

Va

Air V

oid

s (%

) %

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100J'

/Va

Dry

Subse

t %

Air

6.9

in. H

g22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Satu

ratio

n (

%)

in. H

g25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Subse

t

Tim

e in

25 C

wate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet S

ubse

t

NO

TE

: S

haded c

ells

indic

ate

T

ime in

Fre

eze

r19h 4

4m

19h 1

6m

18h 5

4m

c

ells

needin

g in

put va

lues

(M

inim

um

16 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60 C

wate

rbath

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

(

24 ±

1 h

rs)

Test

Tim

e12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4:2

5 P

M4:3

0 P

M

Page 52: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

112

DAY 4, ContDAY 4, Cont’’d. (Wet Pucks)d. (Wet Pucks)

Measure puck Measure puck thickness (tthickness (t’’))

Test for Test for indirect indirect tensile tensile strength (Sstrength (S22))

113

Indirect Tensile TestingIndirect Tensile Testing

114

CALCULATIONSCALCULATIONSWET TENSILE STRENGTHWET TENSILE STRENGTH

Calculate wet indirect tensile Calculate wet indirect tensile strength, Sstrength, S22 (psi):(psi):

2 P2 PSS22==--------------------------------

ΠΠtt’’DDP= load (lbs)P= load (lbs)tt’’=wet puck thickness (in.)=wet puck thickness (in.)D= puck diameter (6 in.)D= puck diameter (6 in.)

Page 53: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

115

ORORUsing metric puck Using metric puck measurements:measurements:

Wet indirect tensile strength, SWet indirect tensile strength, S22 (psi)(psi)

P = load (lbs)P = load (lbs)t = puck thickness (cm)t = puck thickness (cm)D = puck diameter (15.0 cm)D = puck diameter (15.0 cm)

22

6.4516 t D

PS x

116

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

117

CALCULATIONS: TSRCALCULATIONS: TSR Calculate TSR:Calculate TSR:

SS22

TSR=TSR=--------------------------x100x100SS11

SS22=average of conditioned (wet) pucks =average of conditioned (wet) pucks tensile strengthtensile strength

SS11=average of unconditioned (dry) =average of unconditioned (dry) pucks tensile strengthpucks tensile strength

Page 54: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

116

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83 R

ev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exa

mple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air (

g)

[A]

3725.8

3749.7

3755.1

3822.4

3759.7

3692.3

SS

D W

eig

ht (g

) [B

]3735.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770.7

3707.9

Weig

ht in

wate

r (g

) [C

]2114.3

2135.9

2140.2

2180.0

2144.3

2094.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm3)

[B -

C]

1621

1625

1625

1654

1626

[B-C

]

Gm

b [A

/ (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[B

-C]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100[G

mm

-Gm

b]/G

mm

Dry

volu

me o

f a

ir (

cm3)[

Va]

117

111

108

110

108

Pa[B

-C]/100

Ave

rage %

Air V

oid

sD

ry6.9

Wet

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Load (

lbs )

[P]

3852

3601

3761

1564

1517

1197

Ind. T

ens.

Str

.:IT

S (

psi

)*111

104

108

44

44

6.4

516*2

P/3

.1415tD

* F

or

15.0

cm

dia

mete

r sp

eci

men[D

] V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

3902.9

3846.0

3787.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air (

g)[

A]

3822.4

3759.7

Avg

. D

ry IT

S (

psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vol.

Abso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

100S

wet/S

dry

] D

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

3835

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

3846

A+

0.8

Va

Air V

oid

s (%

) %

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100J'

/Va

Dry

Subse

t %

Air

6.9

in. H

g22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Satu

ratio

n (

%)

in. H

g25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Subse

t

Tim

e in

25 C

wate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet S

ubse

t

NO

TE

: S

haded c

ells

indic

ate

T

ime in

Fre

eze

r19h 4

4m

19h 1

6m

18h 5

4m

c

ells

needin

g in

put va

lues

(M

inim

um

16 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60 C

wate

rbath

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

(

24 ±

1 h

rs)

Test

Tim

e12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4:2

5 P

M4:3

0 P

M

Page 55: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

118

AASHTO T-283 T-283 Rev3-24-04Example.xls

Mix Number Example Gmm = 2.476

Gmb Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Weight in air (g) [A] 3725.8 3749.7 3755.1 3822.4 3759.7 3692.3

SSD Weight (g) [B] 3735.6 3761.0 3765.0 3833.5 3770.7 3707.9

Weight in water (g) [C] 2114.3 2135.9 2140.2 2180.0 2144.3 2094.9

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Volume (cm3) [B - C] 1621 1625 1625 1654 1626 [B-C]

Gmb [A / (B - C)] 2.298 2.307 2.311 2.312 2.312 A/[B-C]

% Air Voids [Pa] 7.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 100[Gmm-Gmb]/GmmDry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 117 111 108 110 108 Pa[B-C]/100

Average % Air Voids Dry 6.9 Wet

Overall

TSR Worksheet Dry Subset Wet Subset

Specimen # 1 2 3 4 5 6

Height (0.1 cm) [t] 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.7 9.5 9.5

Max. Load (lbs) [P] 3852 3601 3761 1564 1517 1197Ind. Tens. Str.:ITS (psi)* 111 104 108 44 44 6.4516*2P/3.1415tD

* For 15.0 cm diameter specimen[D] Vacuum SSD Wt. (g)[B'] 3902.9 3846.0 3787.3

Avg. Wet ITS (psi)[Swet] Weight in air (g)[A] 3822.4 3759.7Avg. Dry ITS (psi)[Sdry] 108 Vol. Absorb H2O (cm3)[J'] 81 86 B'-A

TSR (%)[100Swet/Sdry] Dry volume of air (cm3)[Va] 110 108

70% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3899 3835 A+0.7Va

AVG 80% Sat. (Target VSSD) 3910 3846 A+0.8Va

Air Voids (%) % Saturation 73 80 100J'/Va

Dry Subset %Air 6.9 in. Hg 22 23 23

Wet Subset %Air Time (min) 8 8 8

Saturation (%) in. Hg 25 26 24

Time (min) 1 1 1

Dry Subset

Time in 25 C waterbath 1h 50m 1h 55m 2h

(2 hrs ± 10 min)

Wet Subset

NOTE: Shaded cells indicate Time in Freezer 19h 44m 19h 16m 18h 54m

cells needing input values (Minimum 16 hrs)

Time in 60 C waterbath 23h 30m 23h 30m 23h 30m

(24 ± 1 hrs)

Test Time 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003 12/22/2003

5:25 PM 5:30 PM 5:35 PM 4:20 PM 4:25 PM 4:30 PM

119

SUSPECTED STRENGTH SUSPECTED STRENGTH OUTLIEROUTLIER

If attributable to an air void content different If attributable to an air void content different from other 2 pucks, leave in the setfrom other 2 pucks, leave in the set

If a mystery, calculate if statistically is an If a mystery, calculate if statistically is an outlier (ASTM E178)outlier (ASTM E178)--if so, pitch and do one of if so, pitch and do one of the following:the following: Substitute another puck if compacted extra pucksSubstitute another puck if compacted extra pucks Test a new set of 3Test a new set of 3 Go with 2 pucks in the setGo with 2 pucks in the set Prepare and test a substitute puckPrepare and test a substitute puck------must be assured must be assured

that the material is the same as what was used for that the material is the same as what was used for the other pucksthe other pucks

120

INSPECTINSPECT Rate the degree of moisture damage on Rate the degree of moisture damage on

a scale of 0 to 5, with 5 being the a scale of 0 to 5, with 5 being the greatest amount of strippinggreatest amount of stripping

Page 56: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

118

AA

SH

TO

T-2

83

T-2

83 R

ev3

-24-0

4E

xam

ple

.xls

Mix

Num

ber

Exa

mple

Gm

m =

2.4

76

Gm

b W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Weig

ht in

air

(g)

[A]

3725.8

3749.7

3755.1

3822.4

3759.7

3692.3

SS

D W

eig

ht

(g)

[B]

3735.6

3761.0

3765.0

3833.5

3770.7

3707.9

Weig

ht

in w

ate

r (g

) [C

]2114.3

2135.9

2140.2

2180.0

2144.3

2094.9

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Volu

me (

cm3)

[B -

C]

1621

1625

1625

1654

1626

[B-C

]

Gm

b [A

/ (

B -

C)]

2.2

98

2.3

07

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.3

12

A/[B

-C]

% A

ir V

oid

s[P

a]

7.2

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.6

100[G

mm

-Gm

b]/G

mm

Dry

volu

me o

f air

(cm

3)[

Va]

117

111

108

110

108

Pa[B

-C]/100

Ave

rage %

Air

Void

sD

ry6.9

Wet

Ove

rall

TS

R W

ork

sheet

Dry

Subse

tW

et S

ubse

t

Speci

men #

12

34

56

Heig

ht (0

.1 c

m)[

t]9.5

9.5

9.5

9.7

9.5

9.5

Max.

Load (

lbs )

[P]

3852

3601

3761

1564

1517

1197

Ind. T

ens.

Str

.:IT

S (

psi

)*111

104

108

44

44

6.4

516*2

P/3

.1415tD

* F

or

15.0

cm

dia

mete

r sp

eci

men[D

] V

acu

um

SS

D W

t. (

g)[

B']

3902.9

3846.0

3787.3

Avg

. W

et IT

S (

psi

)[S

wet]

W

eig

ht in

air

(g)[

A]

3822.4

3759.7

Avg

. D

ry IT

S (

psi

)[S

dry

]108

Vol.

Abso

rb H

2O

(cm

3)[

J']

81

86

B'-A

TS

R (

%)[

100S

wet/S

dry

] D

ry v

olu

me o

f air (

cm3)[

Va]

110

108

70%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3899

3835

A+

0.7

Va

AV

G80%

Sat. (

Targ

et V

SS

D)

3910

3846

A+

0.8

Va

Air

Void

s (%

) %

Satu

ratio

n73

80

100J'

/Va

Dry

Subse

t %

Air

6.9

in. H

g22

23

23

Wet S

ubse

t %

Air

Tim

e (

min

)8

88

Satu

ratio

n (

%)

in. H

g25

26

24

Tim

e (

min

)1

11

Dry

Subse

t

Tim

e in

25 C

wate

rbath

1h 5

0m

1h 5

5m

2h

(

2 h

rs ±

10 m

in)

Wet S

ubse

t

NO

TE

: S

haded c

ells

indic

ate

T

ime in

Fre

eze

r19h 4

4m

19h 1

6m

18h 5

4m

c

ells

needin

g in

put va

lues

(M

inim

um

16 h

rs)

Tim

e in

60 C

wate

rbath

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

23h 3

0m

(

24 ±

1 h

rs)

Test

Tim

e12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

12/2

2/2

003

5:2

5 P

M5:3

0 P

M5:3

5 P

M4:2

0 P

M4:2

5 P

M4:3

0 P

M

Page 57: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

121

SCOPESCOPE

BackgroundBackground TSR Role in QC/QATSR Role in QC/QA SamplingSampling Test procedureTest procedure Field verificationField verification

122

REPORTINGREPORTING

Report TSR to the nearest whole %Report TSR to the nearest whole %

123

COMPARISON: QC TO QACOMPARISON: QC TO QATSRTSR --favorable comparison is when favorable comparison is when

QA and QC results are within 10% QA and QC results are within 10% of each other. of each other.

If the difference is 5 to 10%, TSRIf the difference is 5 to 10%, TSR’’s s are evaluated by MoDOT field are evaluated by MoDOT field office.office.

If difference is >10%, initiate If difference is >10%, initiate dispute resolutiondispute resolution

QC and QA retained samples should QC and QA retained samples should be kept for extended periodsbe kept for extended periods

Page 58: MoDOT TENSILE STRENGTH RATIO (TSR) TRAINING/CERTIFICATION ... · PDF fileMissouri University of Science & Technology Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering

124

COMMON ERRORSCOMMON ERRORS Shaking saturated puck to Shaking saturated puck to ““adjustadjust””

saturated masssaturated mass Using pucks out of the acceptable air Using pucks out of the acceptable air

void range.void range. Water tank temperature not Water tank temperature not

maintained.maintained. Using puck that has been over or under Using puck that has been over or under

saturated instead of discarding or saturated instead of discarding or applying additional vacuum.applying additional vacuum.

125

COMMON ERRORS, contCOMMON ERRORS, cont’’d.d.

Using incorrect maximum specific Using incorrect maximum specific gravity to calculate voids and % gravity to calculate voids and % saturation.saturation.

Specimen in water bath for the Specimen in water bath for the incorrect amount of time.incorrect amount of time.

Not cleaning breaking apparatus when Not cleaning breaking apparatus when dirty.dirty.

Not annually verifying breaking machine.Not annually verifying breaking machine.

126

COMMON ERRORS, contCOMMON ERRORS, cont’’d.d. Not molding specimens at correct Not molding specimens at correct

temperature.temperature. Not aging lab specimens the correct time Not aging lab specimens the correct time

& temperature (lab mixed only)& temperature (lab mixed only) Not adding 10 ml of water prior to Not adding 10 ml of water prior to

freezing freezing Allowing specimens to drain after Allowing specimens to drain after

saturation but prior to freezing.saturation but prior to freezing.

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127

COMMON ERRORS, contCOMMON ERRORS, cont’’d.d.

Using vacuum out of allowable range.Using vacuum out of allowable range. Not allowing specimen to "rest" 5Not allowing specimen to "rest" 5--10 10

minutes after vacuum period.minutes after vacuum period. Exceeding time of vacuumExceeding time of vacuum Not airNot air--drying bulked unconditioned drying bulked unconditioned

pucks for 24 hrs prior to breakingpucks for 24 hrs prior to breaking Sample contaminated with dust, release Sample contaminated with dust, release

agent overspray, etc.agent overspray, etc.

128

COMMON ERRORS, contCOMMON ERRORS, cont’’d.d.

Improper filling of sample into boxesImproper filling of sample into boxes Improper mixing and splitting Improper mixing and splitting

proceduresprocedures Multiple mixture reMultiple mixture re--warmingswarmings Testing pucks at extreme ends of Testing pucks at extreme ends of

allowable range of voids [6.5, 7.5] may allowable range of voids [6.5, 7.5] may result in poor QC/QA comparisonresult in poor QC/QA comparison

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Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture-Induced Damage:

Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR): Field-Mixed, Laboratory-Compacted Specimens

(AASHTO T 283-07) 1. Every 10,000 tons, obtain a loose mix field sample to produce a Rice specific gravity

test sample (AASHTO T 209) and 6 TSR pucks that will be 150 mm (6) in diameter and 95 5 mm thick after compaction. For QC, approximately 75 pounds of mix will be required for the field sample. QC should obtain an additional 125 pounds to be retained for QA testing. For QA, a 125 lb sample should be sent to MoDOT Central Lab, and an additional 125 lb sample should be retained.

2. Reduce the field sample (AASHTO T 328) into previously determined test sample sizes based on the specific mix.

3. Place each TSR loose mix sample in an oven until it reaches the required compaction temperature 3C ( 5F).

4. Compact the TSR specimens to 7.0 0.5 % air voids (6.0 0.5% for SMA). 5. Store at room temperature for 24 3 hours. 6. For each puck, obtain the thickness, t, (ASTM D 3549 or from gyro printout) and Gmb

(AASHTO T 166).

mbA

GB C

A = Dry mass of specimen in air (g) B = Saturated, surface-dry (SSD) mass of specimen (g) C = Mass of specimen in water (g)

7. Having obtained Gmm for the associated Rice specific gravity test sample, calculate the percent air voids, Pa, for each puck.

mm mb

amm

G GP 1

G00

8. Group the 6 pucks into 2 groups of 3 pucks each such that the average Pa of each

group is approximately equal. Designate one group as “dry” or non-conditioned and the other group as “conditioned” (wet).

9. “DRY” GROUP TSR TESTING:

9.1. After determining Gmb, store the pucks (at room temp) for 24 3 hours. 9.2. Place each dry (non-conditioned) puck in a heavy-duty, leak-proof plastic bag.

Place each bagged puck in a water bath set at 25 0.5C (77 1F) for 2 hours 10 minutes, being sure that the pucks are covered by at least 1 of water.

TSR Procedure Rev 11-17-10.doc

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9.3. Remove the puck(s) from the 25 0.5C bath, determine thickness, t, and immediately test for indirect tensile strength. [See item #11 below].

10. “CONDITIONED” GROUP TSR TESTING:

10.1. Place each puck in a vacuum container (e.g. dessicator) supported at least 1 from the bottom by a perforated plate. Using potable water, fill the container until the puck is covered by at least 1 of water.

10.2. Apply a vacuum of 23 of mercury (Hg) partial (gauge) pressure for 8 minutes. 10.3. During this vacuuming period, prepare for saturation determination by placing

a sheet of cling film on a balance and then zeroing the balance. 10.4. At the end of the 8 minutes, gradually remove the vacuum and let the puck

set in the water for 5-10 minutes. 10.5. Remove the puck from the vacuum container, quickly surface-dry with a damp

cloth, and place the puck on the cling film. Record the saturated, surface-dry (SSD) weight of the puck and calculate the degree of saturation based on the volume of absorbed water as a percentage of the volume of air voids.

E B C

E = Volume of specimen (cm3) [Note: B & C are obtained during Gmb determination]

a

aP E

V100

Va = Volume of air voids (cm3) Pa = Percent air voids (%)

J B A J = Volume of absorbed water (cm3) B = SSD mass of specimen after vacuum saturation (g) [Note: A is obtained during Gmb determination]

a

100 J%Sat

V

10.6. If the degree of saturation is 70-80%, wrap the puck in the cling film

(preserving any moisture that had drained from the puck) and place it in a plastic bag containing 10 0.5 ml of water, and seal the bag. If the saturation level is less than 70%, return the puck to the vacuum container, increase the vacuum to 26 Hg partial pressure and run at 1-minute intervals (always letting the puck set in the water 5-10 minutes after removal of vacuum) until the saturation requirement is satisfied.

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Note: when returning the puck to the vacuum chamber, inversion of the puck from the original orientation may facilitate additional air removal and is not disallowed by T 283.

If saturation is greater than 80%, the test is invalid and the puck must be discarded.

10.7. As soon as possible, place the plastic bag containing the puck in a freezer at -18 3C (0 5F) for a minimum of 16 hours.

10.8. Upon removing the pucks from the freezer, immediately place them in a water bath set at 60 1C (140 2F) for 24 1 hour. As soon as possible, remove the cling film from around the puck. There should always be at least 1 of water over the pucks.

10.9. Remove the pucks from the 60 1C bath and place in a 25 0.5C for 2 hours 10 minutes, again assuring at least 1 of water over the pucks. It may be necessary to use ice to moderate the bath water temperature. No more than 15 minutes should be required to bring the bath water temperature to 25 0.5C.

10.10. Upon removal of each puck, determine thickness, t, and immediately test for indirect tensile strength. [See item #11 below].

11. INDIRECT TENSILE TESTING:

11.1. Place the puck between the steel loading strips of the breaking head taking care that the loading strips are diametrically opposed to one another; i.e. the load is applied along the diameter of the puck.

11.2. Place the breaking head into the testing machine. 11.3. Apply the load to the breaking head such that a constant rate of movement

equal to 50 mm (2) per minute is achieved. This is the same load rate as in Marshall testing.

11.4. Record the maximum load and continue loading until a crack is formed along the diameter of the puck.

11.5. Pull the puck apart and visually inspect the interior surface. Check for cracked or broken aggregate and rate the general degree of moisture damage on a scale from 0 to 5, with 5 being the greatest amount of stripping. Record your observations.

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12. CALCULATIONS:

12.1. Calculate the tensile strength as follows:

2 P

St D

S = Tensile strength (psi)

P = Maximum load (lbs) t = Puck thickness for “dry” specimen (in.) t = Puck thickness for “conditioned” specimen (in.) D = Puck diameter (in.)

12.2. Calculate the tensile strength ratio, TSR, to 2 decimal places as follows:

(conditioned)

(dry)

STSR

S

S(conditioned) = Average tensile strength of conditioned subset

S(dry) = Average tensile strength of dry subset Express TSR as a percentage to the nearest whole number

TSR Procedure Rev 11-17-10.doc