MOA TEST #4 STUDY GUIDE

DEFINITIONS (KNOW ALL!)

Diagnosis: Scientific method of determining and identifying a patient’s condition.

Informed consent: Consent given by a patient after they have been informed.

SOAP: A method of organization for recording progress notes; format includes: Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan.

Patient: An individual receiving medical care.

Medical Impressions: Conclusions drawn by the physician from an interpretation of data; Other terms for impressions include provisional diagnosis and tentative diagnosis.

Active records: Medical records of a patient who has been seen within 2-3 years.

Inactive records: Medical records of a patient who has not been seen within the past 2-3 years.

Outguide: A cardboard or plastic card to insert in a file when a medical record is removed.

Sorter: A device that facilitates putting papers or records in alphabetical or numerical order.

Crash Cart: A specially equipped cart for holding and transporting medications, equipment, and supplies needed for life saving procedures in an emergency.

Hypothermia: A life-threatening condition in which the temperature of the entire body falls to a dangerously low level.

Pressure Point: A site on the body where an artery lies close to the surface of the skin and can be compressed against an underlying bone to control bleeding.

Seizure: A sudden episode of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation, often accompanied by changes in sensation, behavior, and level of consciousness.

Sprain: Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the ligaments.

Strain: A stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons caused by trauma.

Anxiety: A feeling of worry.

HAZMAT: Word constructed from the 2 words meaning “hazardous materials.”

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A psychiatric condition that develops months or years after a traumatic, catastrophic life experience.

SHORT ANSWER

Discuss “chief complaint” (Page 899)-It identifies the patient’s reason for seeking care- that is, the symptom that is causing the patient the most trouble.

List charting guidelines (Page 903-904,907)-Check the name on the chart before making an entry to ensure you have the correct chart-Use black ink to make entries in the patient’s chart-Write in legible handwriting-Chart information accurately, using clear and concise phrases-Chart immediately after performing a procedure-Procedures should never be charted in advance-Each charting entry should be signed by the person making it-Never erase or obliterate an entry

Define “filing system” and list the 2 types (Page 996)-Filing system: the way in which records are arranged.2 types: alphabetic and numeric.

Discuss “first-aid” (Page 845)-The immediate care administered before complete medical care can be obtained to an individual who is injured or suddenly becomes ill.

List items found in a first-aid kit (Page 846)-Roller gauze -Scissors-Triangular bandage -Adhesive tape-Hand cleaning antiseptic -Adhesive strip bandages-Elastic bandage -Antiseptic wipes-Pocket mask -Disposable gloves-Antiseptic ointment -Biohazard bag-Penlight -Cold pack-Tourniquet -Gauze pads-Ammonia inhalants

Discuss the procedure to control bleeding (Page 851)-Apply direct pressure to the wound with a clean covering such as a large, thick gauze dressing. If gauze is unavailable, a clean material such as a sanitary napkin, washcloth, handkerchief, or sock can be used. If the wound is located on an extremity, elevate the limb while continuing to apply direct pressure.-Apply additional dressings if needed. If the dressing soaks through, apply another dressing over the first one, and continue to apply pressure. If bleeding cannot be controlled with direct pressure, apply pressure to the appropriate pressure point while continuing to apply local pressure.-Apply a pressure bandage. When bleeding has been controlled, apply a bandage snugly over the dressing to maintain pressure on the wound.-Transport the patient to an emergency care facility, or, if the case is serious enough, activate the local emergency medical services.

Discuss “dislocation” (Page 855)- An injury in which one end of a bone making up a joint is separated or displaced from its normal anatomic position.

List the types of fractures (Page 856)-Impacted fracture -Oblique fracture-Greenstick fracture -Comminuted fracture-Transverse fracture -Spiral fracture

Discuss emergency care for spider bites (Page 861)-Wash the wound-Apply a cold pack to the affected area to reduce pain and swelling-Obtain medical help immediately if you suspect the individual has been bitten by a black widow spider or a brown recluse spider, or if a severe reaction begins to occur

Discuss emergency care in diabetes (Page 864-865)- Insulin shock (hypoglycemia) : a patient in insulin shock needs sugar immediately. For a conscious patient, glucose should be administered by mouth in the form of fruit juice, non-diet soft drinks, candy, honey, or table sugar dissolved in water. Improvement is rapid after glucose has been consumed. If patient is unconscious, do not give anything by mouth because it may be aspirated into the lungs. Instead, provide the fastest possible transportation of the patient to an emergency care facility.-Diabetic coma (diabetic ketoacidosis): a patient in diabetic coma needs insulin and must be transported as soon as possible to an emergency care facility.

Discuss the difference between natural disasters and man-made disasters (Page 1145)-Natural disaster: serious damage to the environment resulting from a natural hazard that leads to environmental, financial, and human loss-Man-made disaster: Serious damage either directly or indirectly caused by intentional or negligent human actions or the failure of a man-made system (such as a fire, structural collapse, or terrorism)

Define RACE (Page 1150)-acronym used to identify the steps in responding to a fire.-Rescue any person who is directly threatened by fire-Activate the emergency response system (or respond to the alarm of a smoke detector)-Confine the fire by closing doors-Extinguish the fire or Evacuate the area