1. Milos Journey: Using The Phantom Tollbooth to Enhance Reading Instruction and Develop Growth MindsetsPresented by Betsey Kennedy-Olotka elizabeth.kennedy@cobbk12.org School Instructional Specialist Professional Learning Department http://childrensmindsets.wikispaces.com/

2. The Phantom Tollbooth by Norton Juster 3. What Makes The Phantom Tollbooth a Complex Text? Levels of meaning Literal vs. Abstract Figurative LanguageStructure Consistency with genre Narrator Text Features and Graphics Lexile Level Word length Word frequency Sentence length*Typically measured by computers, particularly for longer textsLanguage Conventionality Knowledge demands VocabularyReader variables: Motivation Knowledge ExperienceThe Phantom Tollbooth: 1000LTask variables: Teacher-led tasks Peer tasks Individual tasks Types of questions 4. Growth Mindset vs. Fixed Mindset Growth Mindset Believe that ability is changeable Success is the result of effort Smart is something you get, not something you are Fixed Mindset Believe that ability is set and unchangeable Accomplishments are related to natural ability rather than effort or practice 5. Characteristics of Students with a Growth Mindset Understand that even people with high levels of intelligence must put effort into their work Welcome challenges and stick to difficult tasks Find inspiration in the success of others Reach higher levels of achievement 6. Characteristics of Students with a Fixed Mindset Seek tasks that prove their intelligence and avoid tasks that do not Little desire to learn Intense interest in how they will be judged Believe that effort is not necessary if you have natural ability 7. Problems Caused by a Fixed Mindset Likely to decrease effort when faced with a challenge Academic achievement decreases over time Experience less fulfillment from learning More likely to cheat 8. Teachers can help students to change their mindsets. (For better or for worse!) You can swim all day in the Sea of Knowledge and still come out completely dry. Most people do. 9. Whats a Teacher to Do? Model a Growth Mindset Find Examples Emphasize Effort Study the Brain 10. How Many Ways Are You Smart? Character StudyMiloKing AzazTockThe MathemagicianThe HumbugMilo 11. Ideas Tug-of-War Fixed MindsetGrowth MindsetSuccess is the result of natural abilitySuccess is the result of effort 12. Character Effort Tickets / Effort Awards Milo deserves this award becauseMilo deserves this award becauseEffort AwardTock deserves this award becauseEffort AwardEffort Award The Humbug deserves this award becauseEffort AwardEffort Award Tock deserves this award becauseMilo deserves this award becauseTock deserves this award becauseEffort AwardEffort AwardMilo King Azaz deserves this award becauseTock Mathemagician deserves this award becauseEffort AwardMathemagician deserves this award becauseKing AzazThe HumbugEffort AwardThe princesses deserves this award becauseEffort AwardThe MathemagicianMiloEffort Award 13. Quote Gallery Walk Does this quote demonstrate a fixed or growth mindset? Growth Mindset Believe that ability is changeable Success is the result of effortFixed Mindset Seek tasks that prove their intelligence and avoid tasks that do not Little desire to learn Welcome challenges and stick to difficult tasks Intense interest in how they will be judged Find inspiration in the success of others Believe that effort is not necessary if you have natural ability 14. References Atwood, J. R. (April, 2010). Mindset, motivation and metaphor in school and sport: Bifurcated beliefs and behavior in two different achievement domains. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Education Research Association, Denver, CO. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED509344.pdfBlackwell, L., Trzesniewski, K., & Dweck, C. (2007). Implicit theories of intelligence predict achievement across an adolescent transition: A longitudinal study and an intervention. Child Development, 78(1), 246-263. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/ pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=6&hid=9&sid=3805fb9b-c998-445f-8a5e-476c4db8b13a%40 sessionmgr13 Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. New York: Random House Publishing Group. Dweck, C. (2007). The perils and promises of praise. Educational Leadership, 65(2), 34-39. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=8&hid=6&sid=4c0a8aa2-861c-482d-b223-1098ea72d9d5%40sessionmgr12 Dyer, H. (1969). Issues in Testing. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED053164.pdf Jacobson, M.D. (1999, April). I feel like Im the dumbest in the class: Effort, persistence, and achievement motivation in the classroom. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED437415.pdf Santrock, J. W. (2008). Essentials of life-span development. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. 15. Youll find, he remarked gently, that the only thing you can do easily is be wrong, and that's hardly worth the effort. Presented by Betsey Kennedy-Olotka elizabeth.kennedy@cobbk12.org http://childrensmindsets.wikispaces.com