Midwestern States

Pennsylvania

In the 20th century 1-party Republican 2-party competitive.

End of Republican dominance-1934. New Deal. By 1950 competitive 2-party state. Philadelphia/Pittsburgh stayed

Republican longer than most NE cities.

Pennsylvania

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

33.3%

66.7%

100.0%

% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party

Pennsylvania

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201030.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

% of lower controlled by democrats

% of upper house con-trolled by democrats

Democratic Control of State Assembly

Pennsylvania

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

70.0%

National Partisan Trends

% Democratic President Vote

Pennsylvania

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

State Gov.

Citizen

State Government and Citizen Liberalism

Ohio

“The Heart of It All”

Republicans very strong on state level (farmers and business communities)

Democrats considerable power on the local level (city machines)

Both DNC and RNC designate OH as “swing state”

Ohio

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

33.3%

66.7%

100.0%

% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party

Ohio

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201025.0%

30.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

70.0%

% of lower controlled by democrats

% of upper house con-trolled by democrats

Democratic Control of State Assembly

Ohio

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

National Partisan Trends

% Democratic President V...

Ohio

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 20050.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

State Gov.

Citizen

Indiana

Strong Republican reputation BUT the Democrats have kept IN competitive

Fits Elazar’s “individualistic” model well Major battles within both GOP and

Democrats GOP – religious R v. moderate business

sector Democrats – industrial v. conservative south

Indiana

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

33.3%

66.6%

99.9%

% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party

Indiana

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201020.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

% of lower con-trolled by democrats

% of upper house controlled by democrats

Democratic Control of State Assembly

Indiana

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

National Partisan Trends

% Democratic Preident Vote

Indiana

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

State Gov.

Citizen

Illinois

Alternating one-party two-party competitive

Lincoln – Illinois Republicans Chicago transformed from

Republican to Democratic Much bigger and more ethnically,

racially diverse than rest of state (up to 42% of state population)

State party offices in Chicago/Springfield

Illinois

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100.0%

33.3%

66.7%

100.0%

% of State Assembly, Senate, and Governor Controlled by Democratic Party

Illinois

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

30.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

70.0%

% of lower con-trolled by democrats

% of upper house controlled by democrats

Democratic Control of State Assembly

Illinois

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201030.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

National Partisan Trends

% Democratic Pres-identVote

Illinois

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201010.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

State Gov.

Citizen

Explaining Partisan Trends and Changes