MICROORGANISMSMICROORGANISMSMICROORGANISMSMICROORGANISMSMADE BYMADE BY

K.ANANTHA KRISHNANK.ANANTHA KRISHNAN

THE LIVING ORGANISM WHICH WE THE LIVING ORGANISM WHICH WE CANNOT SEE WITH NAKED EYES CANNOT SEE WITH NAKED EYES ARE CALLED MICROORGANISM. ARE CALLED MICROORGANISM. THEY CAN ONLY BE SEEN WITH THEY CAN ONLY BE SEEN WITH THE HELP OF COMPOUND THE HELP OF COMPOUND MICROSCOPE.MICROSCOPE.

CLASSIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMMICROORGANISM

MICROORGANISM CAN E CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR GROUPSMICROORGANISM CAN E CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR GROUPS:-:-

1.BACTERIA1.BACTERIA

2.PROTOZOA2.PROTOZOA

3. ALGAE3. ALGAE

4. FUNGI4. FUNGI

WHERE DO MICROORGANISM LIVE?

MICROORGANISM CAN LIVE IN ANY ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. THEY ARE FOUND IN THE BODIES OF ANIMAL AND ALSO IN HUMANS. SOME MICROORGANISM LIVE ALONE LIKE AMOEBA.

MICROORGANISM IN OUR LIFEMICROORGANISM IN OUR LIFE

SOME MICROORGANISM ARE HARMFUL TO SOME MICROORGANISM ARE HARMFUL TO US BUT SOME ARE BENIFICIAL. IN OUR US BUT SOME ARE BENIFICIAL. IN OUR DAILY LIFE EVEN IN COMMERCIAL USE AND DAILY LIFE EVEN IN COMMERCIAL USE AND ALSO IN MEDECINAL USE.ALSO IN MEDECINAL USE.

MICROORGANISM IN OUR DAILY MICROORGANISM IN OUR DAILY LIFELIFE

1.THEY FIXES NITROGEN IN SOIL 1.THEY FIXES NITROGEN IN SOIL WHICH ENHANCE THE FERTILITY OF WHICH ENHANCE THE FERTILITY OF SOIL.SOIL.

2. THEY CONVERTS MILK INTO CURD.2. THEY CONVERTS MILK INTO CURD.

3.THEY ARE ALSO USED IN MAKING 3.THEY ARE ALSO USED IN MAKING PICKELS AND CHEESE AND MANY PICKELS AND CHEESE AND MANY OTHERE FOOD ITEMS.OTHERE FOOD ITEMS.

MICROORGANISM IN COMMERCIAL USE

1. THEY ARE USED TO PREPARE ALCOHOL.

2. THEY ARE USED TO PREPARE WINE

3. THEY ARE USED TO PREPARE ACETIC ACID.

MICROORGANISM INMICROORGANISM INANTI BIOTICSANTI BIOTICS

1.1. THEY ARE USED TO PREPARE ANTI- THEY ARE USED TO PREPARE ANTI- BIOTICS.BIOTICS.

ANTI BIOTICS ARE THE MEDICINES WHISH ANTI BIOTICS ARE THE MEDICINES WHISH KILL OR STOP THE GROWTH OF HARMFUL KILL OR STOP THE GROWTH OF HARMFUL MICROORGANISM . STREPTOMYCIN, MICROORGANISM . STREPTOMYCIN, TETRACYCLINE AND ERYTHROMYEIN ARE TETRACYCLINE AND ERYTHROMYEIN ARE SOME OF COMMONLY USED ANTI BIOTICS.SOME OF COMMONLY USED ANTI BIOTICS.

HARM CAUSED BY HARM CAUSED BY MICROORGANISM MICROORGANISM

DISEASE CAUSING MICROORGANISM ARE CALLED PATHOGENS.

• MICROORGANISM CAUSE DISEASE IN HUMAN BIENGS AND ALSO IN PLANTS.

• SOME MICROORGANISM SPOIL FOOD.

Use OF Preservatives. Use OF Preservatives.

THE MATERIALS USED TO CHECK THE THE MATERIALS USED TO CHECK THE GROWTH OF MICROORGANISM ARE GROWTH OF MICROORGANISM ARE CALLED PRESERVATIVES. CALLED PRESERVATIVES.

SOME COMMON PRESERVATIVES ARE:SOME COMMON PRESERVATIVES ARE:

1.1. PRESERVATION BY SALTPRESERVATION BY SALT

2.2. PRESERVATION BY SUGARPRESERVATION BY SUGAR

3.3. PRESERVATION BY OIL VINEGARPRESERVATION BY OIL VINEGAR

4.4. PRESERVATION BY HEAT AND COLD PRESERVATION BY HEAT AND COLD TREATMENTSTREATMENTS

MICROORGANISM IN NITROGEN MICROORGANISM IN NITROGEN FIXATIONFIXATION

RHIZOBIUM A MICROORGANISM FIXES RHIZOBIUM A MICROORGANISM FIXES NITROGEN IN THE LEGUMINOUS NITROGEN IN THE LEGUMINOUS PLANTS. IT LIVES IN THE ROOT OF PLANTS. IT LIVES IN THE ROOT OF LEGUMINOUS PLANTS. EXAMPLE: LEGUMINOUS PLANTS. EXAMPLE: BEANS AND PEA. BEANS AND PEA.

SOME TIMES NITROGEN GETS FIXED SOME TIMES NITROGEN GETS FIXED BY LIGHTNING.BY LIGHTNING.

KILLING OF MICROORGANISM KILLING OF MICROORGANISM IN PREPARING OF MILK.IN PREPARING OF MILK.

THE KILLING OF MICROORGANISM IN THE KILLING OF MICROORGANISM IN PREPARING OF MILK IS CALLED PREPARING OF MILK IS CALLED PASTEURISATION. IN THIS PROCESS PASTEURISATION. IN THIS PROCESS MILK IS HEATED TO ABOUT 70 DEGREE MILK IS HEATED TO ABOUT 70 DEGREE FOR 15 TO 30 SECONDS AND THEN FOR 15 TO 30 SECONDS AND THEN SUDDENLY CHILLED AND STORED. BY SUDDENLY CHILLED AND STORED. BY DOING SO, IT PREVENTS THE GROETH DOING SO, IT PREVENTS THE GROETH OF MICROORGANISM . THIS PROCESS OF MICROORGANISM . THIS PROCESS WAS DISCOVERED BY PASTEUR.WAS DISCOVERED BY PASTEUR.

HUMAN DISEASE CAUSATIE MICROORGANISM MODE OF TRANSMISSION

TUBERCULOSISTUBERCULOSIS

MEASLESMEASLES

CHICKEN POXCHICKEN POX

POLIOPOLIO

CHOLERACHOLERA

TYPHOIDTYPHOID

HEPATITISHEPATITIS

MALARIAMALARIA

BACTERIABACTERIA

VIRUSVIRUS

VIRUSVIRUS

VIRUSVIRUS

BACTERIABACTERIA

BACTERIABACTERIA

VIRUSVIRUS

PROTOZOAPROTOZOA

AIRAIR

AIRAIR

AIR/CONTACTAIR/CONTACT

AIR/WATERAIR/WATER

WATER/FOODWATER/FOOD

WATERWATER

WATERWATER

MOSQUITOMOSQUITO

PLANTDISEASES

MICRO-ORGANISM MODE OFTRANSMISSION

CITRUSCANKER

RUST OFWHEAT

YELLOW VEIN MOSAIC OF BHINDI

BACTERIA

FUNGI

VIRUS

AIR

AIR,SEEDS

INSECT

ROBERT KOCH- DISCOVERED ROBERT KOCH- DISCOVERED THE BACTERIUM WHICH THE BACTERIUM WHICH CAUSES ANTHRAX DISEASE IN CAUSES ANTHRAX DISEASE IN 1876.1876.

EDWARD JENNER- EDWARD JENNER- DISCOVERED THE VACCINE DISCOVERED THE VACCINE FOR SMALL POX IN 1798.FOR SMALL POX IN 1798.

LOUIS PASTEUR- DISCOVERED LOUIS PASTEUR- DISCOVERED FERMENTATION IN 1857.FERMENTATION IN 1857.

DID YOU KNOW?

1.BACTERIA HAVE LIVED ON THE EARTH FOR MUCH LONGER THAN HUMANS.

2.THEY CAN LIVE IN ANY ENIVIRONMENTAL CONDITION.

3.THEY CAN LIVE IN SPACE ALSO.4.THEY CAN SURVIVE AT DEPTHS OF

SEVERAL KILOMETERS.