microbiology discoverers and stalwarts
TRANSCRIPT
Some stalwarts in
MicrobiologyDr. Abhijeet ManeAssistant Professor
Department of MicrobiologyBVDUMC, Pune
Robert Heinrich Herman Koch(1843-1910)
• German Bacteriologist• Introduced staining
techniques• Introduced methods of
obtaining bacteria in pure culture using solid media
• Discovered bacillus of tuberculosis, Bacillus and the cholera vibrio
• Gave the Koch’s postulates
• Received Nobel prize in Medicine in 1905
Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
• draper in Delft, Holland
• In 1683, made accurate description of various types of bacteria
• He called them “little animacules”
Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850-1914)
• A veterinary surgeon• Genus Salmonella
named after him by his assistant Theobald Smith in 1885
Theodor Albrecht Edwin Klebs (1834-1913)
• German – Swiss pathologist
• First to identify Corynebacterium diphtheriae
• Genus Klebsiella named in honor of his extensive work on the same
Theodor Escherich (1857-1911)
German-Austrian PediatricianDiscovered bacterium Escherichia coli
Escherich’s monograph on relationship of intestinal bacteria to the physiology of digestion in the infant
which became his habilitation treatise
Filippo Pacini (1812-1883)
-Italian Anatomist-First observed Vibrio cholerae
This microscope slide prepared by Pacini in 1854 was clearly identified as containing the Cholera bacillus
Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1899-1985)
• Australian virologist & immunologist
• Identified causative agent of Q fever
• Gave Burnet’s clonal selection theory
• Shared Nobel prize with Sir Peter Medawar (1960) for discovering acquired immunological tolerance
Kiyoshi Shiga (1871-1957)
• Japanese researcher• Discovered Shigella
dysentriae, bacillus causing dysentery
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
• French Chemist• Established that
fermentation was a result of bacterial activity
• Proved that all forms of life, even microbes, arose only from their like & not de novo
• introduced techniques of sterilization, etc.
Barry Marshal (1951-) & Robin Warren (1937-)
shared Nobel prize in Medicine (2005) for discovery of Helicobacter
Pylori
Australian Physician Australian Pathologist
Kary Mullis (1944 - )• American Biochemist• Shared Nobel prize in
Chemistry (1993) for invention of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Ronald Ross (1857-1932)
• British Medical Doctor• Born in India• Received Nobel prize
in 1902 in Medicine for discovery of malarial parasites in GI tract of mosquito thus proving malaria is transmitted by mosquito
Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser
(1855-1916)• German Physician• Discovered causative
agent of Gonorrhea
Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen(1841-1912)
• Norwegian Physician• Identified the
bacterium Mycobacterium leprae as causative agent of Leprosy
Alexander Ogston (1844-1929)
• Scottish Surgeon• Discovered bacterium
Staphylococcus
Rebecca Craighill Lancefield(1895-1981)
• Prominent American Microbiologist
• Famous for her classification of beta hemolytic streptococci, called Lancefield Grouping.
Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis(1818-1865)
• Hungarian Physician• Known as an early
pioneer of antiseptic procedures
• Proposed the practice of washing hands with chlorinated lime solutions in obstetrical clinics in 1847 to reduce incidence of puerperal fever