• Process of mapping between two different conceptual domains

• Target

»topic or concept you want to describe through the metaphor

• Source

»concept that you draw upon in order to create the metaphorical construction

Conceptual Domains

Target domain:

–concept of anger

Source domain:

–“heated fluid in a container”

Standard notation:

–ANGER IS A HEATED

FLUID IN A CONTAINER.

She really blew her lid.

Talk about letting off steam…

She really blew her lid, I mean really blew her top. She just exploded!

- comprises four clauses

- comprises one metaphor

- expresses the same source and target domain

- same standard notation

The third mechanized infantry are currently clearing up parts of the Al Mansur Saddam village area.

–Target domain: concept of war

–Source domain: idea of cleaning

–Standard notation: WAR AS CLEANING.

• Based on transfer within a single conceptual domain

• Involves transpositions between associated

concepts

Metonymy commonly results in transfer between:

- Part and the whole

* hired hand

- Producer and produced

* Have you read Edgar Allan Poe?

- Institution and location

* Malacañang is thought to be furious.

• My office is a jungle of papers.

• The White House supports the bill.

Metaphor

- substitution is based on similarity

Metonymy

- substitution is based on contiguity (connection)

Conversion of an expression into a simile

IS LIKE formula (Metaphor)

• ANGER IS A HEATED FLUID IN A CONTAINER.

–ANGER IS LIKE A HEATED FLUID IN A CONTAINER.

• WAR AS CLEANING.

–WAR IS LIKE CLEANING.

IS LIKE formula (Metonymy)

• ‘hired hand’

–A worker is like a hand.

• Have you read Edgar Allan Poe?

–Edgar Allan Poe is like a novel.

• Malacañang is thought to be furious.

–Government is like Malacañang.

1. Meronmymic Agency

- involves the part ‘standing for’ the whole in such a way as to place a human body apart, rather than a whole person

2. Technique in caricature

- Form of metonymic distortion

- Distortion of human appearance