MEMORYAn Anthology

Chatto & WindusLONDON

Contents

Introduction by A.S. Byatt xii

Par t iFRANK KERMODE, 'Palaces of Memory' 3MALCOLM BOWIE, 'Remembering the Future' 13CRAIG RAINE, 'Memory in Literature' 28IGNES SODRE, 'Where the Lights and Shadows Fall' 40STEVEN ROSE, 'Memories are Made of This' 54PATRICK BATE SON, 'Memory and Evolution' 68ULRIC NEISSER, 'Memory with a Grain of Salt' 80SUDHIR HAZAREESINGH, 'Remembering Badly and

Forgetting Well' 89RICHARD HOLMES, 'A Meander through Memory

and Forgetting' 95

PartHIntroduction by Harriet Harvey Wood 115

Childhood MemoriesSHAKESPEARE, The Tempest 122THOMAS DE QUINCEY, Confessions of an

English Opium-Eater 122THOMAS H O O D , 'I remember, I remember' 123JOHN CLARE, 'Remembrances' 124SAMUEL BUTLER, Note Books 127SIGMUND FREUD, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life 128EDMUND GOSSE, Father and Son 130D.H. LAWRENCE, 'Piano' 131

W.H. HUDSON, Far Away and Long Ago 131SIEGFRIED SASSOON, Memoirs of a Foxhunting Man 133G.K. CHESTERTON, Autobiography 134

HENRY GREEN, Pack My Bag 135GWEN RAVERAT, Period Piece 136CYRIL HARE, He Should Have Died Hereafter 136LEONARD WOOLF, Sowing 138VIRGINIA WOOL?, Moments of Being 140SAMUEL BECKETT, Happy Days 142VLADIMIR NABOKOV, Speak, Memory 143PENELOPE LIVELY, Going Back 145ANTHONY POWELL, Infants of the Spring 145WILLIAM MAXWELL, So Long, See You Tomorrow 145RICHARD COE, When the Grass was Taller 146TED HUGHES, 'Fingers' 146GABRIEL GARCfA MARQUEZ, Living to Tell the Tale 147HILARY MANTEL, Giving Up the Ghost and

'Father Figured' 149BRIAN DILLON, In the Dark Room 151NICHOLAS HARBERD, Seed to Seed 153ERIC R. KANDEL, In Search of Memory 153

The Idea of MemoryPLATO, Theaetetus 156PLATO, Meno 158ARISTOTLE, On Memory and Recollection 159SENECA, Letters to Lucilius 160PLUTARCH, 'Cato the Younger' 161PLOTINUS, Fourth Ennead 161ST AUGUSTINE, Confessions 162MICHEL DE MONTAIGNE, Essays 165ROBERT BURTON, The Anatomy of Melancholy 166THOMAS HOBBES, Leviathan 167SIR THOMAS BROWNE, Hydrotaphia 167JOHN LOCKE, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding 168BARUCH SPINOZA, Ethics 168DAVID HUME, A Treatise on Human Nature 169SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE, Biographia Literana 170JAMES MILL, Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind 171JOHN STUART MILL, 'Letter' 172RALPH WALDO EMERSON, Natural History of the Intellect

and Other Papers 172DAVID SHENK, The Forgetting 175

HIPPOLYTE TAINE, On Intelligence

HENRI BERGS ON, Matter and Memory 178

R.G. COLLINGWOOD, Speculum Mentis 179BERTRAND RUSSELL, Human Knowledge 179LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN, Philosophical Investigations 180OWEN BARFIELD, History in English Words 181MARY WARNOCK, Memory 181PAUL RICOEUR, Memory, History, Forgetting 181JEAN-PIERRE CHANGEUX and PAUL RICOEUR,

What Makes Us Think? 183

The Art of MemoryCICERO, De Oratore 188ANON, Rhetorica ad Herennium 189ABU ALI AHMAD IBN MUHAMMAD MISKAWAYH 194THOMAS BRADWARDINE, 'On Acquiring a

Trained Memory' 196FRANCIS BACON, The Advancement of Learning 198

JOHN AUBREY, Brief Lives 199

RUDYARD KIPLING, Kim 199STEFAN ZWEIG, 'Buchmendel' 201JORGE LUIS BORGES, 'Funes the Memorious' 206FRANCES A. YATES, The Art of Memory 213

A.R. LURIA, The Mind of a Mnemonist 220MARY j . CARRUTHERS, The Book of Memory 224ROBERT IRWIN, Night and Horses and the Desert 225

DANIEL ARASSE, Anselm Kiefer 226

Memory and ScienceARISTOTLE, History of Animals 230WILLIAM HARVEY, Animal Generation 230FRANCIS GALTON, Inquiries into Human Faculty 2311.p. PAVLOV, Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes 238F.C. BARTLETT, Remembering 240

KONRAD LORENZ, King Solomon's Ring 242COLIN BLAKEMORE, Mechanics of the Mind 244j . z . YOUNG, Programs of the Brain 246KONRAD LORENZ, The Foundations of Ethology 249

SEMIR ZEKI, Art and the Brain 251

NICOLAAS TINBERGEN, The Study of Instinct 253

RICHARD DAWKINS, The Selfish Gene 255GEORGE JOHNSON, In the Palaces of Memory 256DANIEL L. ALKON, Memory's Voice 258STEVEN PINKER, The Language Instinct 261FRANCIS CRICK, The Astonishing Hypothesis 262GERALD M. EDELMAN, 'Building a Picture of the Brain' 264JOHN MCCRONE, 'Not-so Total Recall' 266VILAYANUR RAMACHANDRAN, The Emerging Mind 272WELLCOME TRUST, 'Magic Memories' 273THE ECONOMIST, 'Sleeping on it' 277ANTONIO DAMASIO, 'The Hidden Gifts of Memory' 279ERIC R. KANDEL, In Search of Memory 285

Memory and ImaginationANON, Beowulf 289ROBERT HENRY SON, The Testament of Cresseid 289VOLTAIRE, 'The Adventure of Memory' 290WILLIAM WORDSWORTH, The Prelude 293SIR WALTER SCOTT, Guy Mannenng 296JOHN KEATS, The Fall of Hyperion 296THOMAS DE QUINCEY, 'Suspiria de Profundis' 298ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON, In Memonam 300ROBERT BROWNING, 'Memorabilia' 301LEWIS CARROLL, Through the Looking-Glass 302GEORGE ELIOT, Middlemarch and Daniel Deronda ,302HENRY JAMES, The Art of the Novel 304WILLIAM JAMES, The Principles of Psychology 305SIGMUND FREUD, 'Screen Memories' 307THOMAS HARDY, 'The Voice' 315FREUD ON GOETHE, 'A Childhood Recollection' 316MELANIE KLEIN,'The Psychogenesis of Tics' 318E.M. FORSTER, Aspects of the Novel 320MARCEL PROUST, Time Regained 321F.A. POTTLE, 'The Power of Memory in Boswell and Scott' 325EDWIN MUIR, An Autobiography 329E.H. GOMBRICH, Art and Illusion 331CARL JUNG, 'Confrontation with the Unconscious' 333ESTHER SAL AM AN, A Collection of Moments 335ITALO CALVINO, Invisible Cities 339CHARLES RYCROFT, The Innocence of Dreams 339

TERRY PRATCHETT, Reaper Man 341MARTIN AMIS, Experience 343HARUKI MURAKAMI, interview 344MILAN KUNDERA, The Curtain 345

False MemoriesFORD MADOX FORD, Memories and Impressions 347w.G. SEBALD, Vertigo 348ELIZABETH F. LOFTUS, 'When a Memory May Not Be a

Memory' 351IAN HACKING, Rewriting the Soul 356MICHAEL FRAYN, Copenhagen 364OLIVER SACKS,'A Symposium on Memory' 364

Public MemoryWILFRED OWEN, 'Anthem for Doomed Youth' 368PAUL FUSSELL, The Great War and Modern Memory 368CEES NOOTEBOOM, Rituals 37O

JACQUES LE GOFF, History and Memory 371TONI MORRISON, Beloved 372DANIEL ARASSE, Anselm Kiefer 373TZVETAN TODOROV, The Abuses of Memory 375MILAN KVNBERA, The Book of Laughter and Forgetting 376EVA HOFFMANN, Shtetl 378PAUL RICOEUR, Memory, History, Forgetting 381OLLIVIER DYENS, 'The Sadness of the Machine' 381DIGITAL PRESERVATION COALITION 388

ForgettingCICERO, De Oratore 390MICHEL DE MONTAIGNE, Essays 39O

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, King Lear 391SIR THOMAS BROWNE, Rehgio Medici 391SAMUEL JOHNSON, The Idler 391FRANCOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND,

Memoires d'outre-tombe 392WILLIAM JAMES, The Principles of Psychology 393FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, Beyond Good and Evil 396MAX SAUNDERS, Ford Madox Ford: A Dual Life 396ALPHONSE DAUDET, In the Land of Pain 397

CYRIL CONNOLLY, The Unquiet Grave 398PHILIP LARKIN, 'The Winter Palace' 398ROLAND BARTHES, Camera Lucida 399BILLY COLLINS, 'Forgetfulness' 400

Acknowledgments 401Index 407