Topics list

Acid gases removal, 400, 427

Agro-food solutions, 397

Air dehumidification, 409, 427, 434

Air gap membrane distillation, 204, 230- 233,424

Antoine's equation, 192

Aroma compounds recovery, 375,381,383,427

Artificial gills, 409, 410

Asymmetric membranes, 7, 11, 40, 48, 55, 57, 60, 61, 68, 135-137, 142, 145, 146, 170, 171,173-

175,283,284, 288,289, 330-332, 360, 369, 370, 372, 403,404, 415

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), 82, 83

Beverage market, 432

Bicontinuous microemulsion membranes, 333

Blood oxygenators, 378

Bond number, 283

Breakthrough pressure, 6, 7, 9, 79, 80, 108, 117, 136

Bubble point test, 84

Bubble-free oxygenation, 377, 427

Cantor's equation, 87

Capillary number, 283

Carrier complex, 312, 320, 322, 331

Carrier solution, 334

Carrier-charged membranes, 30, 31,308, 318 -320

Carrier-free membranes, 30, 31,308, 310, 318, 319

Cellulose acetate, 42, 58, 70, 284

496 Topics List

Chemical reaction, 17, 144 -146, 173-175,309, 310, 345 - 348, 350, 351,386

Clausius-Clapeyron' s equation, 192, 244

Coefficient of variation, 259, 291,416

Commercial applications, 375,378, 428, 433,434

Commercial modules, 41,105, 119, 121,123, 190, 394

Complexation, 309 - 311, 314, 315, 319

Composite membranes, 8, 68, 69, 122, 136, 137, 139, 150, 163, 170, 171,327, 329, 406

Concentration polarization, 23, 24, 189, 198, 244, 394

Concentration polarization coefficient, 24, 198

Contact angle, 7, 68, 69, 74, 76 - 80, 84, 87, 89, 122, 262, 263,287, 288, 299, 330

Continuous phase, 25, 26, 48, 273 - 275,279 - 281,287, 288, 293,298, 301 - 303,413

Control of dissolved gases in liquids, 315,376, 427

Controlled release of liposomes, 425,427

Copolymers, 68

Crystal Size Distribution, 257, 259

Crystallization from solution, 254 - 256

Crystallization kinetics, 266

Darnkohler number, 364

Darcy' s law, 81,279

Debye-Htickel's theory, 195

Decomplexation, 310, 311, 314, 315

Diffusion-induced phase separation, 48, 55

Direct contact membrane distillation, 20, 187, 204, 205, 212

Dispersed phase, 25, 26, 273,274, 277 - 279, 281,282, 284, 286, 290, 292, 295,298, 300, 302

Distribution coefficient, 165, 166, 174- 177, 181,318, 357

Topics List 497

Dittus-Boelter's equation, 201

Dusty Gas Model, 203, 213

Effectiveness factor, 362, 363,364

Enhancement factor, 143,173,346, 348, 350 - 352

Enzymatic catalysis, 366

Evaporative cooling, 424, 425,427

Extractive fermentation, 391

Facilitated transport, 16, 308, 309, 311 - 315,320, 333

Facilitation factor, 309, 333

Fanning's equation, 286

Fick' s laws, 267

Fixed carrier membranes, 325,327

Fouling, 33, 35, 107, 119, 394

Gaseous streams treatments, 375,400, 427

Gas-liquid equilibrium, 131

Gas-liquid systems, 127

Gaussian distribution of fiber radii, 111

Gaussian pore size distribution, 87

Gibbs free energy, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 191,255,261,262

Good-van-Oss-Chaudhury method, 77

Graetz number, 151,200, 208, 223,347, 348, 350 - 352

Grafting, 69

Grashof number, 208

Hagen-Poiseuille' s equation, 87

Hatta number, 350, 352

498 Topics List

Heat flux, 22, 23, 71, 92, 206, 210, 223,226, 233 - 235

Heat transfer coefficient, 22, 97, 206 - 208, 211,223,227, 228, 235

Henry's constant/coefficient, 130- 132, 346, 405

Hollow-fiber contained liquid membranes, 335

Hydrophilic membrane, 9, 25, 71,134 - 136, 147, 149, 168 - 170, 178, 179, 278, 316, 360, 366, 405

Hydrophobic membranes, 6, 7, 13, 20, 80, 81, 93, 96, 128, 130, 133, 134, 136, 143, 147, 148, 155,

164, 165, 168, 170, 173, 178, 181,186, 213,237, 238, 244, 257, 308, 360, 397, 407, 409, 410

Hydrophobic-hydrophilic composite membranes, 136, 137, 163, 170, 171

Inorganic membranes, 40, 72, 284

Integrated membrane systems, 375, 411

Interracial polymerization, 69, 70, 329

Interracial tension, 7, 75, 79, 84, 88,273,279 - 283,287, 294 - 298, 300, 301

Karman-Kozeny's equation, 289

Kelvin's equation, 89, 193

Knudsen number, 202, 203

Laplace's equation, 7, 79, 279, 285

L6v6que's equation, 110, 150, 199

Lewis test cell, 95

Liquid-liquid displacement, 88

Liquid-liquid equilibrium, 166, 170

Liquid-liquid extractions, 14, 163, 176, 177, 375,389, 427

Liquid streams treatments, 375, 376

Margules equation, 194

Mass transfer catalysis, 360

Mass/molar Flux, 12, 15, 19, 21 - 24, 26, 28 - 30, 81, 86, 90, 93, 94, 96, 108, 129, 130, 131,134,

Topics List 499

165, 166, 169, 189, 191,198,205,212,213,215- 217,222,223,226-229,231,235,236,239,

244, 245,277, 279, 286, 290, 299, 300, 302, 310, 314, 316, 317, 319, 320, 326, 329, 330, 345, 349,

351,352, 356, 363,392, 393,396, 399, 406, 407, 409, 419, 433

Membrane characterization, 73

Membrane crystallizers, 24, 34, 256

Membrane distillation, 12, 19 - 24, 32, 34, 40, 67, 71, 95, 96, 106, 108, 119, 186, 187, 190, 198,

204, 205,207, 212, 221,226, 230 - 233,257, 375,392, 393,395 - 397, 399, 421,424, 427

Membrane distillation coefficient, 95, 96, 205

Membrane emulsifiers, 12, 25, 26, 30, 34, 277, 411, 415,427

Membrane mass transfer coefficient, 16, 19,22,29, 137, 147- 150, 178- 180,182, 320

Membrane modification, 67

Membrane modules, 108, 231,392, 408, 410

Membrane polymers, 41

Mercury intrusion porosimetry, 85, 93

Metal ion extractions, 375,387, 427

Microencapsulated liquid membranes, 331

Microporous-dense composite membranes, 139, 150

Modules layout, 105, 116

Nusselt number, 207, 208, 223

Nylon, 42, 58, 78

Olefin/paraffin separations, 408,427

Osmotic distillation, 12, 22, 23, 24, 32, 34, 70, 238, 240, 244, 375,392, 399, 422

Peclet number, 234, 268,269

Perporometry, 89

Phase diagram, 59, 60, 62 - 64

500 Topics List

Phase inversion technique, 48

Phase transfer catalysis, 12, 27, 28, 34, 40, 375,411,415,427

Plasma polymerization, 69 - 71,330

Polycarbonate, 40, 45,284, 306

Polyetheretherketone, 43, 78

Polyetherketone, 43

Polyethersulfone, 43, 78

Polyimide, 43

Polypropylene, 43, 63, 65 - 67, 119, 122, 123,212, 218, 220, 221,225,263,264, 283,329, 383,

399, 403,405,406, 408, 409

Polysulfone, 42, 58, 122, 402, 403

Polytetrafluoroethylene, 44, 212

Polyvinylidenefluoride, 43,263

Pore size distribution, 44 - 46, 48, 57, 73, 82, 84 - 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 284

Prandtl number, 208

Preparation methods, 40, 41

Pure/fresh water production, 392, 427

Reynolds number, 147, 151,153, 154, 158, 175, 176, 199,280, 283,386

Sauter diameter, 291

Scanning, Electron Microscopy (SEM), 82

Schmidt number, 147, 199

Scrubbers, 12, 13, 15, 34

Shell side mass transfer coefficient, 108- 110, 112, 133, 141,147, 151 - 153, 168, 177, 199, 200,

240

Sherwood number, 147, 153, 154, 199, 223

Topics List 501

Sintering, 41, 44, 72

Sol-gel process, 72, 73

Sparkling water production, 127, 155,379, 380

Stretching, 41, 44, 45, 69

Strippers, 12, 13, 15, 34

Supercritical fluids, 426

Support reimpregnation, 334

Supported liquid membranes, 12, 16, 19, 33 - 35, 308, 320 - 325,330, 336, 387, 409, 425

Surface modifying molecules, 71

Surface tension, 75, 77 - 80, 84, 87, 89, 92, 193,273,274

Surfactants, 80, 273,293,294, 295, 417

Sweeping gas membrane distillation, 226

Symmetric membranes, 5, 7, 11, 40, 48, 55,57, 94, 137, 142, 145, 146, 170, 171,173- 175,283,

288, 289, 360, 372, 403

Temperature polarization, 227, 228

Temperature polarization coefficient, 22, 206, 207, 214

Template leaching, 41, 46

Thermally-induced phase separation, 62

Thermoporometry, 91, 93

Thiele modulus, 361 - 365,372

Track-etching, 41, 42, 45

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), 82

Tube side mass transfer coefficient, 111,133, 141,147, 150, 168, 177, 199, 240

UNIQUAC equation, 195

Vacuum membrane distillation, 204, 221

502 Topics List

van Laar's equation, 194

Variable distribution coefficient, 176, 177

VOCs removal, 375,383,405,427

Wastewater treatments, 375,383,427

Weber number, 283

Wettability, 68, 71, 74, 78

Wilson' s equation, 194

Wilson-plot method, 180, 182

Young's equation, 74, 75, 76, 287