Index

A

Advanced zero emission power plant (AZEP), 435–36AES see Auger electron spectroscopyAlumina membranes

as support of Pd, 258–59, 263–65, 268, 271see also support

Apatite, 424–25Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), 279–280AZEP see Advanced zero emission power plant

B

BIMEVOX, 424Biotechnology, 201–3

C

Carbon membranessee also hollow fiber carbonMo coated, 268

Cermets, 430Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 60–5, 96–7, 155,

221, 223, 268–69, 271, 285,Thermal CVD, 50–3

Plasma-Enhanced CVD, 53–8CO2 capture, 222, 294–297, 304, 436–37

cost, 304Concentration polarization, 206, 213,

in membrane reactors, 335–37, 365Corrosion test, 6–19Critical thickness, 418, 421Crystal orientation, 146

D

Damkohler number, 308Dry Gel method 136, 147–50.Dusty gas model, 281

E

Electrochemical vapour deposition, 269Electroless plating, 269Electroplating, 267Embrittlement

of Pd membranes, 270, 272, 277–78, 330,of silica membranes, 69

Equilibrium conversion, 308–09, 329, 337–38, 369

F

Fillers,Impermeable, 122–9Permeable, 129–31

Fluorite, 404–05, 425Fluorite-related oxides, 404, 405, 423–25, 421Food and beverages, 203–08Fuel Cell, 304–06, 312,

see also solid oxide fuel cellDirect Methanol Fuel Cell, 123–8

Fusion reactor, 297–303

G

Grain growth, 21, 107–9.

H

Hollow fiber, 189, 212, 214, 439preparation of carbon, 82–98preparation of ceramic, 98–115as support for Pd, 265–66

Hydrogen permeation,in ceramic membranes, 427in ceramic proton conductors, 428

Hydrogen separation,by microporous silica, 60–5by zeolite membranes, 161by palladium membranes, 293–294by other metal membranes, 260–263by ceramic membranes, 427

I

Integrated gasification coal cycle (IGCC),303–04, 435–36

Isobutane dehydrogenation, 379

L

LAMOX, 424

M

Magnetron sputtering, 266Membrane reactors,

zeolite membrane reactors, 163–6membrane bioreactors, 212–5applications, 293concentration polarization, 335–37, 365for dehydrogenation, 263, 290for syngas production, 310–313history, 290–293modelling, 325–400

Methane coupling, 438–39Microfiltration, 82, 177–8, 263Mixed matrix membranes, 129–31

459

460 Index

Molecular layering technique, 271Molecular Weigth Cut Off

(MWCO), 15–9

N

Niobate, 428

O

Oxygen separation, 269, 422–27, 435–39

P

Palladium membranes preparation, 256–74Perovskite, 365, 404, 407, 421, 424, 427–28Perovskite-related materials, 404, 426–27PECVD, see Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor

DepositionPervaporation, 27, 228–236

with silica membranes, 59–60with zeolite membranes, 139, 155–6, 158modelling, 236–244

Phase inversion, 98–106Phase transformation

in ceramic materials, 22–3, 25–7in palladium, 272

Physical vapor deposition, 265Poisoning of Pd membranes, 272, 286–288Polymeric precursors, 83–8

Polyimide and derivatives, 84–6Polyfurfuryl alcohol, 87Phenolic resin, 86–7Polyacrylonitrile, 87–8

Posttreatment,of carbon hollow fiber membranes, 95–8of zeolite membranes, 155

Process intensification, 307, 328–29Proton conducting membranes, 427–30

flux model, 413–17applications, 445see also steam electrolysis

Pyrolisis see hollow fiber preparation of carbonmembranes

R

Rheology, 103–4

S

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 275–276Secondary growthSievert’s law, 283–88

in membrane reactor models, 331, 346, 360, 362,365–66

in ceramic membranes, 418

Silica membranes, 33–74in membrane reactor, 373

Sintering, 425see also thermal stabilitysee also hollow fiber preparation

Sol-gel technique, 38–64, 269–71Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), 439–43Solvated metal atom deposition, 266–67Spinning, 99–106Stability,

of dense ceramic membranes, 430–5of porous ceramic membranes, 1–29

Steam electrolysis, 524Steam reforming of methane, 60, 270, 294,

297–98, 304, 307, 310–12, 329, 336, 339–43,360, 362, 365, 368, 370–75, 387–88, 394

Support,Influence of the support, 142, 151–4Stability of the support,Membrane supports, 65–9

T

Tantalate, 428Temperature Programmed Permeation

(TPP), 158Titania membranes, 2, 49, 144, 201, 229,

236, 264Transport mechanism, 34, 36, 61–5, 72, 218–220, 222,

224, 237, 244, 273, 282

V

Vycor, 52, 263, 275

W

Wastewater treatment, 208–15Water gas shift (WGS),

with Pd membrane reactor, 294, 297–298, 305, 310–11

reactor modelling, 339–40, 362, 370–74with dense ceramic membranes, 437

X

X-Ray diffraction (XRD), 276–279

Z

Zeolite membranes, 135–70Zeolite-based sensors, 167–70Zirconia membranes, 2, 226, 229, 236, 264,

423, 425