measuring the digital economy - parliamentary days 2015

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MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE OECD Parliamentary Days, 26 February 2015 Andrew Wyckoff Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation

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Page 1: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE

OECD Parliamentary Days, 26 February 2015

Andrew WyckoffDirectorate for Science, Technology and Innovation

Page 2: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

• Need for new evidence and sound measurement

• Indicators to support policy making on the digital economy

The growing importance of the digital

economy today

Why a new perspective?

- Available and robust traditional metrics

- Measurement gaps

- Actions to improve the measurement infrastructure

Page 3: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

THE MOBILE BROADBAND REVOLUTION

Page 4: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

0

25

50

75

100

125

Terrestrial mobile wireless Satellite Terrestrial fixed wireless All technologies, 2009

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

3 out of 4 OECD inhabitants now have

mobile wireless broadband…

Mobile wireless broadband penetration, by technology, December 2009 and 2013

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147973

Page 5: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350Millions

Smartphones Other mobile phones

The progress of smartphones, 2010-13Quarterly global shipping trends

…and a majority buy powerful devices…

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147808

Page 6: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…and more than one.

Devices used to access the Internet, 2013Variety of devices per user linked to the percentage of Internet users

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148083

KOR

SWENLD

DNKCAN

GBR

FIN

FRA

JPNESTBEL

DEUAUT

SVN IRLESP

LUX

USACZEITA

GRCSVKPRT

POLHUN

R² = 0.5532

1

1.5

2

2.5

50 60 70 80 90 100

Internet users (%)

Devices per user

Page 7: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

USAGE PATTERNS FOR INDIVIDUALS

Page 8: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

Broadband speed has been increasing…

Fixed (wired) broadband penetration rates by speed tiers, December 2013As a percentage of subscriptions

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148053

0

10

20

30

40

50

> 10 mbps > 4 mbps / < 10 mbps < 4 mbps

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

Page 9: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…along with use…

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147770

Internet usage trends in the OECDBy country change between 2006 and 2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

%

Inter-country gap (percentage points) Average (all countries)

Lowest ranking country

Highest ranking country

0

20

40

60

80

100

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

%

Inter-country gap (percentage points) Average (all countries)

Lowest ranking country

Highest ranking country

Page 10: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…but large differences exist between

countries…

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147770

Internet usage trends in the OECDPercentage of 16-74 year-olds using the Internet,

by country change between 2006 and 2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

2006

2013

Page 11: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…and by type of usage by individuals.

The diffusion of selected online activities among Internet users, 2012-13Percentage of Internet users performing each activity

0

25

50

75

100

E-m

ail

Pro

du

ct

info

rma

tion

Ne

ws

read

ing

So

cia

ln

etw

ork

ing

E-b

an

kin

g

E-g

ov.

(any

inte

raction

)

On

line

pu

rcha

se

s

Ga

min

g/

aud

io-v

ide

o

Tra

ve

l/a

ccom

od.

%

Highest Lowest Average

0

25

50

75

100

E-m

ail

Pro

du

ct

info

rma

tion

Ne

ws

read

ing

So

cia

ln

etw

ork

ing

E-b

an

kin

g

E-g

ov.

(any

inte

raction

)

On

line

pu

rcha

se

s

Ga

min

g/

aud

io-v

ide

o

Tra

ve

l/a

ccom

od.

We

b r

adio

/TV

Te

lep

ho

ne

E-g

ov.

(dow

nlo

ad

)

E-g

ov.

(uplo

ad

)

So

ftw

are

dow

nlo

ad

Job

se

arc

h

On

line

sa

les

Me

dic

al

app

oin

tmen

t

Co

nte

nt

cre

atio

n

%

Highest Lowest Average

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148228

Page 12: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

Age still matters...

Internet usage trends in the OECD and differences by age groupsAge gap: 16-24 vs. 65-74 year-olds

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147770

0

20

40

60

80

100

% By country age gap, 2013

Page 13: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

Participation in e-commerce by individuals, 2007-08 and 2012-13

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2007 2013 Viahandhelddevices(2013)

%

As a percentage of all individuals

As a percentage of Internet users

Top 3 countries

Bottom 3 countries

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2007 2013 Viahandhelddevices(2013)

25-44 year-olds

(2013)

65-74 year-olds

(2013)

%

As a percentage of all individuals

As a percentage of Internet users

Top 3 countries

Bottom 3 countries

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147963

…especially when it comes to money…

Page 14: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…but the future will belong to

“digital natives.”

Age of first access to the InternetAs a percentage of all students

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148262

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

6 years old or younger 7-9 years old 10-12 years old 13 years old or older Never

Page 15: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

USAGE PATTERNS FOR BUSINESSES

Page 16: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

The diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in enterprises, 2013Percentage of Internet users performing each activity

0

25

50

75

100

Broadband Website

%

Highest Lowest Average

0

25

50

75

100

Broadband Website E-purchases Social network ERP Supply chainmngt. (ADE)

E-sales RFID

%

Highest Lowest Average

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148510

Differences exist in use by business…

Page 17: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

Participation in e-commerce by enterprises, 2007-08 and 2012-13Enterprises by employment size

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2008 2012

%

As a percentage of all enterprises

As a percentage of enterprises in each employment size class

Top 3 countries

Bottom 3 countries

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2008 2012 10-49(2012)

50-249(2012)

250+(2012)

%

As a percentage of all enterprises

As a percentage of enterprises in each employment size class

Top 3 countries

Bottom 3 countries

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing

…especially by size…

Page 18: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…as well as by country.

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148799

Turnover from e-commerce, by size, 2008 and 2012As a percentage of turnover in each employment size class

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

%

All enterprises 10-49 50-249 250+ All enterprises, 2008

Page 19: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

CHALLENGES GOING FORWARD

Page 20: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

Challenges exist for security…

Businesses having encountered IT security problems, attacks resulting in denial-of-service, by size, 2010

As a percentage of all businesses in each employment size class

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148142

0

4

8

12

16

20

%

All enterprises 10-49 50-249 250+

Page 21: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…consumer privacy…

Main reasons for not buying online because of privacy and security concerns, 2009 or more recent year available

Percentage of Internet users who did not make online purchases

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148160

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

%Security Privacy

Page 22: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…ICT skill acquisition...

Individuals who judge their computer skills to be sufficient if they were to apply for a new job within a year, 2013

As a percentage of all individuals

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

%

All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

%

All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

%

All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148354

Page 23: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

…and use of ICT skills at work.

Computer use at work, 2012Percentage shares of workers

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

%

Straightforward and moderate use Complex use No computer use

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148332

Page 24: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

OPPORTUNITIES TO SEIZE

Page 25: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

The ICT sector was dynamic during

the crisis …Net business population growth between 2009 and 2012

Average annual growth rate

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

%

ICT sector Business economy

16

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148696

Page 26: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

… as was ICT employment.

ICT sector employment in the OECD, 1995-2012Annual growth rate (left-hand scale) and percentage share on total employment

(right-hand scale)

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

-6

-3

0

3

6

%%

Employment growth in the ICT sector

Total employment growth

Employment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

-6

-3

0

3

6

%%

Employment growth in the ICT sector

Total employment growth

Employment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

-6

-3

0

3

6

%%

Employment growth in the ICT sector

Total employment growth

Employment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)

Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147936

Page 27: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

The digital economy today

Investing in smart infrastructure

Empowering society

Unleashing creativity and innovation

Delivering growth and jobs

Find out MORE: 113 indicators

Page 28: Measuring the Digital Economy - Parliamentary Days 2015

MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMYA NEW PERSPECTIVE

THANK YOU

www.oecd.org/sti/measuring

-the-digital-economy.htm