measuring the digital economy a new perspective
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OECD publicationTRANSCRIPT
MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMYA NEW PERSPECTIVE
Global Forum on the Knowledge Economy
Tokyo2 October 2014
Andrew WyckoffDirector for Science, Technology and Innovation
OECD
The mobile broadband revolution
0
25
50
75
100
125
Terrestrial mobile wireless Satellite Terrestrial fixed wireless All technologies, 2009
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3 out of 4 OECD inhabitants have a mobile wireless broadbandMobile wireless broadband penetration, by technology,
December 2009 and 2013Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147973
Q1 201
0
Q2 201
0
Q3 201
0
Q4 201
0
Q1 201
1
Q2 201
1
Q3 201
1
Q4 201
1
Q1 201
2
Q2 201
2
Q3 201
2
Q4 201
2
Q1 201
3
Q2 201
30
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Smartphones Other mobile phones
Millions
The progress of smartphones, 2010-13Quarterly global shipping trends
Devices are becoming powerful and affordable
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147808
New and more data-intensive applications
Broadband speed has been increasing …
Fixed (wired) broadband penetration rates by speed tiers, December 2013
As a percentage of subscriptions
0
20
40
60
80
100%
> 10 mbps > 4 mbps / < 10 mbps < 4 mbps
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148053
Average data storage cost for consumers, 1998-2012Per Gbit
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
Hard disk drives Solid-state drivesUSD
… while the cost of data storage has been declining
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147819
Cost of genome sequencing, 2001-14Cost per genome, logarithmic scale
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000USD current
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000USD current
1 million USD
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000USD current
1 million USD 10 000 USD
Emerging data-mining techniques are leading to innovations that increase well-being
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147871
Usage rates are reaching saturation in some countries, with catch up potential for laggers
People are increasingly using the Internet …
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147770
Internet usage trends in the OECDBy country change between 2006 and
2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
%
Inter-country gap (percentage points) Average (all countries)
Lowest ranking country
Highest ranking country
0
20
40
60
80
100
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
%
Inter-country gap (percentage points) Average (all countries)
Lowest ranking country
Highest ranking country
… but large cross-country differences remain in uptake
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147770
Internet usage trends in the OECDBy country change between 2006 and
2013
0
20
40
60
80
100%
2006
2013
and in the type of usage by individuals …
The diffusion of selected online activities among Internet users, 2012-13
Percentage of Internet users performing each activity
0
25
50
75
100
E-m
ail
Pro
duct
info
rmat
ion
New
sre
adin
g
Soc
ial
netw
orki
ng
E-b
anki
ng
E-g
ov.
(any
inte
ract
ion)
Onl
ine
purc
hase
s
Gam
ing/
audi
o-vi
deo
Trav
el/
acco
mod
.
%
Highest Lowest Average
0
25
50
75
100
E-m
ail
Pro
duct
info
rmat
ion
New
sre
adin
g
Soc
ial
netw
orki
ng
E-b
anki
ng
E-g
ov.
(any
inte
ract
ion)
Onl
ine
purc
hase
s
Gam
ing/
audi
o-vi
deo
Trav
el/
acco
mod
.
Web
radi
o/TV
Tele
phon
e
E-g
ov.
(dow
nloa
d)
E-g
ov.
(upl
oad)
Sof
twar
edo
wnl
oad
Job
sear
ch
Onl
ine
sale
s
Med
ical
appo
intm
ent
Con
tent
cre
atio
n
%
Highest Lowest Average
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148228
… and businesses The diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in
enterprises, 2013 Percentage of Internet users performing each activity
0
25
50
75
100
Broadband Website
%
Highest Lowest Average
0
25
50
75
100
Broadband Website E-purchases Social network ERP Supply chainmngt. (ADE)
E-sales RFID
%
Highest Lowest Average
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148510
Participation in e-commerce differs across age groups and firm size
Participation in e-commerce by individuals and enterprises, 2007-08 and 2012-13
Individuals by age and enterprises by employment size
0102030405060708090
2007 2013 Viahandhelddevices(2013)
%
As a percentage of all individualsAs a percentage of Internet usersTop 3 countriesBottom 3 countries
0102030405060708090
2007 2013 Viahandhelddevices(2013)
25-44 year-olds
(2013)
65-74 year-olds
(2013)
%
As a percentage of all individualsAs a percentage of Internet usersTop 3 countriesBottom 3 countries
0102030405060708090
2008 2012
%
As a percentage of all enterprisesAs a percentage of enterprises in each employment size classTop 3 countriesBottom 3 countries
0102030405060708090
2008 2012 10-49(2012)
50-249(2012)
250+(2012)
%
As a percentage of all enterprisesAs a percentage of enterprises in each employment size classTop 3 countriesBottom 3 countries
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147963
ICT industries continue to be dynamic and innovative, despite sluggish employment in the crisis
The dynamism of the ICT sector showed up also during the crisis …
Net business population growth between 2009 and 2012Average annual growth rate
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
%
ICT sector Business economy
16
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148696
… but employment suffered from greater downswings
ICT sector employment in the OECD, 1995-2012Annual growth rate (left-hand scale) and percentage share on total
employment (right-hand scale)
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
-6
-3
0
3
6
%%
Employment growth in the ICT sectorTotal employment growthEmployment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
-6
-3
0
3
6
%%
Employment growth in the ICT sectorTotal employment growthEmployment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
-6
-3
0
3
6
%%
Employment growth in the ICT sectorTotal employment growthEmployment share of the ICT sector (Right-hand scale)
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147936
… and information industries have maintained a lead in labour productivity.
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933147890
Apparent labour productivity levels, information industries vs. total economy, 2012 OECD total economy level = 100
GRC
PRT
CANIRL
USA
CZE
ESP
JPN
BEL
SVK
POL
OECD
GBRITA
SWE
HUN
SVN
FRA
NLD
CHE
EST
DEU
AUTDNK
FIN
50
100
150
200
250
50 75 100 125 150Total economy
Information industries
Harnessing the potential of the digital economy: new skills for workers, firms and users are needed
Cross-country differences in ICT skills use at work remain important …
Computer use at work, 2012Percentage shares of workers
40
50
60
70
80
90
100%
Straightforward and moderate use Complex use No computer use
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148332
… as the generalised need for further acquisition of (new) ICT skills.
Individuals who judge their computer skills to be sufficient if they were to apply for a new job within a
year, 2013As a percentage of all individuals
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90%
All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90%
All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90%
All Individuals Individuals with high formal education Individuals with no or low formal education
Source: OECD (2014), Measuring the Digital Economy. A New Perspective, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933148354
The digital economy today Investing in smart infrastructure Empowering society Unleashing creativity and innovation Delivering growth and jobs
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MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMYA NEW PERSPECTIVE
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