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WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY

Team Project - Composite Materials of Blades

ME 5720 - Mechanics of Composite Materials

Instructor: Professor Golam Newaz

Students:

Harshada Patil(fx4157,004508152)

Utkarsh Kopargaonkar(fx3900,004507890)

Yongshuai Ping (fr6888,004459771)

Saurabh Deshpande(fx7002,004511084)

Fall 2015

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December 10, 2015

Problem description:

GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A LAMINATE CODE OR SOFTWARE TO CONDUCT ACCURATE CALCULATIONS FOR COMPOSITE LAMINATE DESIGN.

Develop a hybrid laminate with carbon fiber and glass fiber plies in sections A or B with selected orientations that will have high Gxy and EX for the laminate so that it can resist high Axial (Nx ) and out-of plane Torsional (Mxy) loads. Research wind-loading and use values of these two forces and neglect all others and estimate the mechanical stresses in each ply and determine using Tsai-Hill failure criterion if any of the plies will fail. If any ply fails, your team needs to redesign the laminate with new plies and ensure there will be no failure. Use the Griffin and Ashwill paper in Blackboard as a reference. Project report should include 2-5 page write-up on laminate configuration and results of analysis in one section called EXTENDED ABSTRACT with key findings and results. Provide a hard copy and a soft copy with software code in a USB or CD.

For our team, our problem type is A, which means 7 plies.

Given information:

1. Thickness of all plies is 3 mm.

2. Choose two types of composite materials(Carbon & Glass) and decide the orientations of 7 plies.

To find:

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1. Axial force (Nx) and edgewise bending moment (Mxy).

2. Check whether the laminate fails or not.

Calculations of Nx and Mxy.

According to the pdf file (Duan paper): The wind speed taken is 10m/s.

For Axial Force (Nx),

Assumption: the paper has not given any details about the thickness of the plies so one can assume it to be unit thickness.

Normal load is approximated to be 1800 N/mm, for 8 plies; therefore, for 7 plies, Normal load =

.

.

Therefore, Nx = 1.575 GPa-mm

For Edgewise Bending Moment (Mxy),

According to the graph (c) in fig. 2.8 on page 21 in ECN Boorsma report , for wind speed of 10

m/sec, the edgewise moment = 1950N-m, therefore, for our thickness, . The

length of the spar box is 1188 mm from the paper for the project which was already posted in Blackboard.

.

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Therefore, Mxy = 1.641 GPa-mm2

Results and comments:

Situation 1: Types of composite materials are AS/3501 carbon/epoxy and ScotchplyTM 1002E-glass/epoxy.

Properties information:

AS/3501 carbon/epoxy: E1=138GPa, E2=9.0GPa, G12=6.9GPa, v12=0.3, SL(+)=1448MPa,

SL(-)=1172MPa, ST

(+)=48.3MPa, ST(-)=248MPa, SLT=62.1MPa.

ScotchplyTM 1002E-glass/epoxy: E1=38.6GPa, E2=8.27GPa, G12=4.14GPa, v12=0.26, SL

(+)=1103MPa, SL(-)=621MPa, ST

(+)=27.6MPa, ST(-)=138MPa, SLT=82.7MPa.

#1 ply #2 ply #3 ply #4 ply #5 ply #6 ply #7 ply

Orientation( ) 0 45 45 45 0 0 0

We ran the program using these values and the laminate did not fail.

The biggest Tsai-hill Value came out to be 0.6 approx.

Situation 2: Types of composite materials are AS/3501 carbon/epoxy and ScotchplyTM 1002E-glass/epoxy.

#1 ply #2 ply #3 ply #4 ply #5 ply #6 ply #7 ply

Orientation( ) 0 45 90 90 90 45 0

We ran the program using these values and the laminate failed.

Tsaihilltop5 = 1.2711, Top surface of #5 ply fail.

Tsaihillbottom5 = 1.2261, Bottom surface of #5 ply fail.

Situation 3: Types of composite materials are AS/3501 carbon/epoxy and ScotchplyTM 1002E-glass/epoxy.

#1 ply #2 ply #3 ply #4 ply #5 ply #6 ply #7 ply

Orientation( ) 0 45 -45 -45 90 60 0

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We ran the program using these values and the laminate did not fail.

The biggest Tsai-hill Value came out to be 0.9 approx.

GUI Interface:The GUI works successfully as shown below:

References:

[1]. Wei Duan, Feng Zhao, Loading Analysis and Strength Cacluation of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Blade Element Momentum Theory and Finite Element Method, Baoding, China, 2010

[2]. Danny Sale and Alberto Aliseda, Structural Design of Composite Blades for Wind and Hydrokinetic Turbines, University of Washington, 2012

[3]. Peter J. Schubel and Richard J. Crossley, Wind Turbine Blade Design, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, 2012

[4]. Chatmongkon Rattanapanudda, Horizontal axis wind turbine design using the blade element momentum theory, Wayne State University, 2011

[5]. Bhagyashree suna, Design and Analysis of Laminated Composite Materials, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela.

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