materials & techniques of fifteenth-century art

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By Tristan, Shaina, Jessica, & Vanessa Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art (Shaded Areas)

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Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art. By Tristan, Shaina , Jessica, & Vanessa. (Shaded Areas). Painters, Pigments, & Panels. Egg tempera was the material of choice for most painters (both in Italy and northern Europe) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

By Tristan, Shaina, Jessica, & Vanessa

Materials & Techniquesof Fifteenth-Century Art

(Shaded Areas)

Page 2: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

Egg tempera was the material of choice for most painters (both in Italy and northern Europe)

Cennino Cennini (a painter during the time period) mentioned that artists only mixed the egg yolk with the ground pigment, but analysis of paintings during the time revealed that some artists used the whole egg

Painters, Pigments, & Panels

Page 3: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

Oil paints became more widespreadFlemish artists were among the firsts to

utilize oilsReasons why oil paints grew in popularity:

Painters could build up deeper shades of colors through several coats of oil

Oils dry more uniformly & slowly, thus providing the artist time to rework areas

Leonardo da Vinci preferred oil paint because oils’ drying speed allowed him to create sfumato (smoky effect), which he was so famous for

Painters, Pigments, & Panels (cont.)

Page 4: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

Sfumato means “gone up in smoke”It is a painting technique where there are no

harsh outlines and areas blend together

Sfumato

Page 5: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

Wooden panels often served as the foundation for most paintingsThey used woods such as oak, lime,

beech, chestnut, cherry, pine, and silver fir

Linen canvas became increasingly popular during the time periodIt was more portable than wooden

panels

Painters, Pigments, & Panels (cont.)

Page 6: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

Before the use of simply affixing canvas to a wooden backbone, artists considered the frame an integral part of the painting

These frames were often painted or gildedSurviving contracts reveal that as much as half of a piece’s cost

is derived from the frame aloneSome paintings had the frames attached while others were

made from a single piece of wood where the artist carved the inside to create a frame

Edges & Borders

Page 7: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

A print is an artwork on paperAn edition is a set of prints an artist

creates from a single printThe printmaking process involves

the transfer of ink from a printing surface to paper

During the 15th century, artists most commonly used the relief and intaglio methods of printmaking

Graphic Changes

Page 8: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

It is the oldest and simplest form of printing

Artists produce relief prints by carving into a surface

It requires artists to conceptualize their images negatively

Because of this, it is difficult to create very thin, fluid, and closely spaced lines

This results in stark contrasts and sharp edges

Relief Prints

Page 9: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

In contrast to relief prints, the itaglio method involves a positive method

The image can be created manually (engraving) or chemically (etching)

The artist runs the plate and paper through a roller press and the paper absorbs the remaining ink, thus creating the print

Because the image is drawn directly, intaglio prints generally provide a wider variety of effects and are less harsh than relief prints

Itaglio Method

Page 10: Materials & Techniques of Fifteenth-Century Art

The paper and ink artists use affect the finished look of the printed image.

The type of ink ingredients affect the consistency, color, and oiliness of inks, which various papers absorb differently.

Paper is light, thus prints were very portableAlso, because artists could reproduce them,

prints were able to be sold at cheap costs, which appealed to artists during the Renaissance.

Graphic Changes (cont.)