MARIA MONTESSORIMARIA MONTESSORI

CONTRIBUTION ON EDUCATIONCONTRIBUTION ON EDUCATIONSubmitted bySubmitted by

Josna ThomasJosna ThomasSoorya JayanSoorya JayanPriya K NairPriya K NairRoshin Anie RoyRoshin Anie Roy

OUR SINCERE THANKS TO OUR OUR SINCERE THANKS TO OUR TEACHERS TEACHERS

DR MAYA . S DR MAYA . S

DR.ANCY A.SDR.ANCY A.S

Dr. Maria MontessoriDr. Maria Montessori

Born in Italy in 1870.Born in Italy in 1870.

Belonged to an educated family.Belonged to an educated family.

In 1886 graduated as a doctor.In 1886 graduated as a doctor.

Had backgrounds in psychiatry, education Had backgrounds in psychiatry, education and anthropology.and anthropology.

Worked with both special needs and Worked with both special needs and regular education students.regular education students.

After going through numerous colleges After going through numerous colleges and focusing on education in the end she and focusing on education in the end she opened her first Casa Dei Bambini in 1907.opened her first Casa Dei Bambini in 1907.

Principles of Maria Principles of Maria MontessoriMontessori

Principles of development from withinPrinciples of development from within

Principles of freedom or libertyPrinciples of freedom or liberty

Principles of no material rewards and punishmentsPrinciples of no material rewards and punishments

Principles of individual developmentPrinciples of individual development

Principles of self-education or auto educationPrinciples of self-education or auto education

Principles of sense trainingPrinciples of sense training

Principles of motor efficiency or muscular trainingPrinciples of motor efficiency or muscular training

Montessori MethodMontessori Method

Salient feature – Education of the senses through psychologically sound Salient feature – Education of the senses through psychologically sound methodsmethods

Motivated auto educationMotivated auto education

Provide unlimited freedom to children and avoid punishmentProvide unlimited freedom to children and avoid punishment

Child centered alternative education systemChild centered alternative education system

Discovery and developmentDiscovery and development

Develop a series of standardized sensorial materials – Didactic Develop a series of standardized sensorial materials – Didactic apparatusapparatus

Prepared environmentPrepared environment- children’s house- children’s house

Give training in health and hygieneGive training in health and hygiene

Respect individual differencesRespect individual differences

New teacher as exemplarNew teacher as exemplar

Little scope for class - teaching.Little scope for class - teaching.

Casa Dei BambiniCasa Dei Bambini• Casa Dei Bambini was a children’s Casa Dei Bambini was a children’s

school built for the children in the slums school built for the children in the slums of Rome in 1907.of Rome in 1907.

• It was meant for the education of It was meant for the education of disadvantaged children.disadvantaged children.

• Maria’s main focus was teaching Maria’s main focus was teaching student ways to develop their own skills student ways to develop their own skills at a pace the children would set. She at a pace the children would set. She called it “spontaneous self-called it “spontaneous self-development.”development.”

Sensorial MaterialsSensorial Materials

The Towers

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Children in the Children in the Montessori MethodMontessori Method

DifferentDifferent from traditional method of teaching.from traditional method of teaching.

Children are motivated toward self-Children are motivated toward self-development development

( auto-formation) and self-teaching (auto-( auto-formation) and self-teaching (auto-education).education).

Children should have Children should have freedomfreedom to work on self-to work on self-chosen tasks in chosen tasks in attractive environmentattractive environment especially designed and equipped to especially designed and equipped to meet meet their needstheir needs..

Teacher in the Teacher in the Montessori MethodMontessori Method

• Teacher or Teacher or directressdirectress should provide an attractive should provide an attractive and responsive environment.and responsive environment.

• Directress should protect the learning process.Directress should protect the learning process.

• Directress should be an active observer or director Directress should be an active observer or director of the child.of the child.

• Also teacher should be the resource person, the Also teacher should be the resource person, the role model, the demonstrator, and the record role model, the demonstrator, and the record keeper.keeper.

Teacher in Montessori Teacher in Montessori MethodMethod

Similarities in Similarities in Kindergarten and Kindergarten and

Montessori systemMontessori system Both are concerned with the early childhood Both are concerned with the early childhood education.education.

Both defend the child's right to be active and to Both defend the child's right to be active and to explore his environment.explore his environment.

Both stand in agreement on the need for training the Both stand in agreement on the need for training the senses.senses.

Both affirm the need for free bodily activity.Both affirm the need for free bodily activity.

Both work with objects designed for sensory training.Both work with objects designed for sensory training.

Differences between Differences between Kindergarten and Kindergarten and

Montessori systemMontessori system

 

KindergartenKindergarten Montessori systemMontessori system

1. It is developed by Froebel

It is developed by Montessori

2. It is based on philosophical principles

It is based on scientific principles

3. Sense training is achieved through gifts

Sense training is achieved through didactic apparatus

4. Training is largely in group work

Training is largely in individual work

5. It involves indirect and informal training of senses

It involves direct and formal training of senses

Limitations Of Limitations Of Montessori MethodMontessori Method

It is a costly affair.It is a costly affair.

Only individual instruction – social Only individual instruction – social development is less.development is less.

Only physical freedom.Only physical freedom.

Creative growth is not encouraged.Creative growth is not encouraged.

Children will become egocentric.Children will become egocentric.