Making Maps Using GPSMaking Maps Using GPSPresented byPresented by

Richard YuretichRichard Yuretich

Robert SnyderRobert Snyder

Morton SternheimMorton Sternheim

STEM Education Institute STEM Education Institute

University of Massachusetts AmherstUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst

Our SponsorOur Sponsor

NASA grant # NNG05GN64G

STEM Earth CentralSTEM Earth Central

In collaboration with

National Association of Geoscience Teachers

Spaces still open for upcomingSpaces still open for upcomingSummer Institutes at UMass Amherst: Summer Institutes at UMass Amherst:

IPY STEM Polar Connections: July 14-18 IPY STEM Polar Connections: July 14-18 Nanotechnology: July 7-11Nanotechnology: July 7-11

Today’s AgendaToday’s Agenda

1.1. Latitude and Longitude AnglesLatitude and Longitude Angles

2.2. How you will use GPS todayHow you will use GPS today

3.3. Heading and BearingHeading and Bearing

4.4. Constructing a map using the GPS data Constructing a map using the GPS data that you collectthat you collect

Today’s materials are online at:Today’s materials are online at:

http://umassk12.net/earth/

Where on Earth are we?Where on Earth are we?

A Slice of Earth reveals the locationof Latitude and Longitude angles

Satellites orbiting in a large sphere can Satellites orbiting in a large sphere can indicate where you are on spherical Earthindicate where you are on spherical Earth

Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will receive microwave signals from the receive microwave signals from the

network of orbiting satellitesnetwork of orbiting satellites..

When you are outside, When you are outside, the GPS Information Page the GPS Information Page will indicate how many will indicate how many satellite signals you are satellite signals you are receiving.receiving.

Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will Your Garmin 72 GPS receiver will receive microwave signals from the receive microwave signals from the

network of orbiting satellitesnetwork of orbiting satellites..

When you are inside a When you are inside a building, you can use the building, you can use the simulator to become familiar simulator to become familiar with the Garmin 72 pages with the Garmin 72 pages and data fields.and data fields.

GPS 72 Basic Operations GPS 72 Basic Operations (see also GPS Basics handout)(see also GPS Basics handout)

1. Power On/Off

2. PAGE will switch off initial warning message and toggle among the various screens.

3. ENTER. Press and holdto display “Mark Waypoint”page

4. ROCKER. Use this to scroll up and down through the “Waypoints” and name your base station.

Mark your WaypointMark your Waypoint• Press and Hold

ENTERENTER to display “Mark Waypoint” page.

• Scroll to the “Name Field” with the ROCKERROCKER

• Spell out the name of your waypoint using the ROCKERROCKER, then press ENTERENTER.

• Scroll to “OK” and press ENTERENTER.

Navigating with the GPS 72 Navigating with the GPS 72 (see also GPS Basics handout)(see also GPS Basics handout)

1. PAGE will switch to the GPS Information Page showing your latitude and longitude

4. ENTER. Press after you have highlighted your waypoint.

3. ROCKER. Use this to highight the waypoint that will be your destination.

2. GOTO will display the waypoints stored in the GPS

The GPS Information Page is The GPS Information Page is described on Page 9 of the described on Page 9 of the Garmin 72 owners manual and Garmin 72 owners manual and reference guide and in the on-reference guide and in the on-line manual.line manual.

NavigatingNavigatingwith GPS Information Pagewith GPS Information Page

• Use the Latitude and Longitude information in the “Location” field to help find your assigned location.

• There should be appropriately labeled flagging tape near your destination. Use this as your map point.

Latitude and Longitude SystemsLatitude and Longitude Systems• The coordinates of your destinations are expressed as The coordinates of your destinations are expressed as

Degree, Minutes, and Seconds. This system is used on Degree, Minutes, and Seconds. This system is used on USGS Topographic mapsUSGS Topographic maps

For example: 41For example: 41º 20’ 37” N, º 20’ 37” N, 7171º 56’ 17” W º 56’ 17” W

• There are other ways to indicate coordinates. There are other ways to indicate coordinates. Meteorologists often indicate the location of Atlantic Meteorologists often indicate the location of Atlantic Ocean hurricanes in Degree Decimal form.Ocean hurricanes in Degree Decimal form.

For example: 22.76 N, 59.45For example: 22.76 N, 59.45º Wº W

Changing the measurement system in a Data FieldChanging the measurement system in a Data Field

is described at the end of Page 3 of GPS Basicsis described at the end of Page 3 of GPS Basics..

Determining Bearing and Distance to Determining Bearing and Distance to Base StationBase Station

3. ENTER. Press after you have highlighted your destination waypoint.

2. ROCKER. Use this to highlight the waypoint that will be your destination (i.e. your base station).

1. Press GOTO to display the waypoints stored in the GPS

Returning to Base Station (cont.)Returning to Base Station (cont.)(see also GPS Basics handout)(see also GPS Basics handout)

5. ENTER. Press to highlight that waypoint in the list. Press ENTER again to show pointer page.

4. ROCKER. Use this to move the waypoint to a rectangular box at the top of the page.

Pointer PagePointer Page(see also GPS Basics handout)(see also GPS Basics handout)

4. MENU. Press this button and use the rocker to highlight “Change Data Field.”

1. Black Arrow shows compass direction (bearing) to your selected waypoint

3. Data Fields show various information. Change one field to read “Distance to Next.”

You may need to change the Data Fields (See Page 3 of GPS Basics).

2. Line at top of Compass dial shows the direction you are walking (heading).

Heading and Bearing are measured in degrees.

Summary of TasksSummary of Tasks

1. Make sure that your GPS receives sufficient satellite signals for navigation.

2. Go to the plaza outside of Neiman-Marcus and mark this as your base station.

3. Use the latitude and longitude coordinates on the GPS Information Page to guide you to your mapping location.

4. At your mapping site, make the base station your “GO TOGO TO” destination.

5. Record the distance and compass bearing that is shown on the GPS Pointer Page.

If Time Permits!If Time Permits!

As we gather at the base station we may have time for some teams to collect data about other points of interest in the Copley Square area.

Using GPS Data to construct a MapUsing GPS Data to construct a Map

• Field data will be compiled to construct an accurate, scaled map of the area.

• Use protractor to plot compass bearing between data station(s) and base station.

• Use metric ruler to plot distance along the bearing at appropriate scale

Plotting Your BearingPlotting Your Bearing

• Bearing from data station to base station is 060 (60º).

• Reverse direction is therefore 300.

• Protractor placed on base station point can be used to plot direction to data station.

• Distance will be determined by scale

N

Base

Building a MapBuilding a Map

ReferencesSlide 4: http://www.fourmilab.ch/cgi-bin/Earth

Slide 5: Earth Science: The Challenge of Discovery; D.C.Heath and Co. 1991

Slide 6: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:ConstellationGPS.gif

Slides 7 to 16:

http://www8.garmin.com/manuals/GPS72_OwnersManual.pdf

Slide 17: http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/leveson/core/linksa/mapcomp.html