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Major Events Major Events during the First during the First Half of the Half of the Nineteenth Nineteenth Century Century

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Page 1: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Major Events during the Major Events during the First Half of the First Half of the

Nineteenth CenturyNineteenth Century

Page 2: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who was the first Who was the first president of the United president of the United

States?States?

•George WashingtonGeorge Washington

Page 3: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Define Define politicalpolitical partyparty..

• A group of people with A group of people with similar beliefs about how similar beliefs about how to run the government.to run the government.

Page 4: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What were the first What were the first two political parties?two political parties?

• FederalistsFederalists

• Democratic-Republicans Democratic-Republicans ( also called simply ( also called simply Republicans)Republicans)

Page 5: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who led the Who led the Federalists?Federalists?

•Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

•John AdamsJohn Adams

Page 6: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What were the beliefs What were the beliefs of the Federalists?of the Federalists?

• Strong national governmentStrong national government

• Industrial economy (factories Industrial economy (factories or manufacturing)or manufacturing)

Page 7: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What groups What groups supported the supported the Federalists?Federalists?

•BankersBankers

•BusinessmenBusinessmen

Page 8: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What part of the country What part of the country gave the Federalists their gave the Federalists their

strongeststrongest support? support?

• Northeast (New England)Northeast (New England)

Page 9: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who led the Who led the Republicans?Republicans?

•Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

•James MadisonJames Madison

Page 10: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What were the beliefs of What were the beliefs of the Democratic-the Democratic-

Republicans?Republicans?• Weak national governmentWeak national government

• Strong state governmentsStrong state governments

• Agricultural economy (farming)Agricultural economy (farming)

Page 11: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What region gave the What region gave the strongest support to the strongest support to the

Democratic-Republicans?Democratic-Republicans?

•The SouthThe South

Page 12: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What groups supported the What groups supported the Democratic-Republicans?Democratic-Republicans?

• FarmersFarmers

• Artisans (Skilled Craftsmen)Artisans (Skilled Craftsmen)

• Frontier SettlersFrontier Settlers

Page 13: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who was elected Who was elected president in 1800?president in 1800?

•Thomas Thomas JeffersonJefferson

Page 14: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What president What president bought the Louisiana bought the Louisiana

Territory?Territory?

•Thomas Thomas JeffersonJefferson

Page 15: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

From what country did the From what country did the United States purchase the United States purchase the

Louisiana Territory?Louisiana Territory?

•FranceFrance

Page 16: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

How did the Louisiana How did the Louisiana Territory affect the size of Territory affect the size of

the United States?the United States?

•Doubled itDoubled it

Page 17: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who did President Who did President Jefferson send to explore Jefferson send to explore the Louisiana Territory?the Louisiana Territory?

•Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark

Page 18: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Where did the Louisiana Where did the Louisiana Territory lie?Territory lie?

•West of the West of the Mississippi RiverMississippi River

Page 19: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who was the guide for Who was the guide for the Lewis and Clark the Lewis and Clark

Expedition?Expedition?

•SacajaweaSacajawea

Page 20: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What war lasted from What war lasted from 1812 to 1815?1812 to 1815?

•The War of 1812The War of 1812

Page 21: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What two countries What two countries fought the War of 1812?fought the War of 1812?

•The United StatesThe United States

•Great BritainGreat Britain

Page 22: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What territory did the What territory did the United States claim after United States claim after

the War of 1812?the War of 1812?

•The Oregon The Oregon TerritoryTerritory

Page 23: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What territory did the What territory did the United States acquire in United States acquire in

1819?1819?

•FloridaFlorida

Page 24: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

From what country did From what country did the United States the United States acquire Florida?acquire Florida?

•SpainSpain

Page 25: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who served as Chief Who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Justice of the Supreme

Court during the first 30 Court during the first 30 years of the 19th century?years of the 19th century?

•John MarshallJohn Marshall

Page 26: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

To what political party To what political party did John Marshall did John Marshall

belong?belong?

•The FederalistsThe Federalists

Page 27: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Why were the Marshall Why were the Marshall court’s decisions court’s decisions

important?important?

• Made the federal courts a Made the federal courts a co-equal branch of the co-equal branch of the United States governmentUnited States government

Page 28: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

How did the Supreme How did the Supreme Court rule in Court rule in Marbury v. Marbury v.

MadisonMadison??

•Declared a federal Declared a federal law unconstitutionallaw unconstitutional

Page 29: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What is the power of What is the power of judicial review?judicial review?

• A court’s power to A court’s power to declare a law declare a law unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Page 30: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What is the Supreme What is the Supreme Court’s main check on Court’s main check on the power of Congress?the power of Congress?

•Judicial ReviewJudicial Review

Page 31: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

How did the Marshall court How did the Marshall court rule in rule in McCulloch v. McCulloch v.

MarylandMaryland??

• Forbid the states from taxing Forbid the states from taxing agencies of the federal governmentagencies of the federal government

• Declared a Maryland state law Declared a Maryland state law unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Page 32: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who said “the power Who said “the power to tax is the power to to tax is the power to

destroy”?destroy”?

•John MarshallJohn Marshall

Page 33: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Why was Why was McCulloch v. McCulloch v. MarylandMaryland important? important?

• Established the power of the Established the power of the federal government over the statesfederal government over the states

• Strengthened the federal courts’ Strengthened the federal courts’ power of judicial reviewpower of judicial review

Page 34: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What issue did the What issue did the Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine

involve?involve?

•Foreign PolicyForeign Policy

Page 35: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What set forth the basic What set forth the basic principles of American foreign principles of American foreign policy from 1823 until the end policy from 1823 until the end

of the 19th century?of the 19th century?

•The Monroe The Monroe DoctrineDoctrine

Page 36: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What were the 4 What were the 4 points of the points of the

Monroe Doctrine?Monroe Doctrine?

Page 37: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

• No more European colonies in the No more European colonies in the AmericasAmericas

• Countries in Western Hemisphere Countries in Western Hemisphere were republics; countries in Europe were republics; countries in Europe were monarchieswere monarchies

• If European countries threatened If European countries threatened any country in Americas, then they any country in Americas, then they threatened the United Statesthreatened the United States

• U.S. would stay out of European U.S. would stay out of European affairsaffairs

Page 38: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What continents are in What continents are in the Western the Western Hemisphere?Hemisphere?

•North AmericaNorth America

•South AmericaSouth America

Page 39: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What is a republic?What is a republic?

• A Representative DemocracyA Representative Democracy

• The People elect The People elect representatives to make the representatives to make the lawslaws

Page 40: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who rules in Who rules in monarchies?monarchies?

•Kings and Kings and QueensQueens

Page 41: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What was the What was the mostmost important important point of the Monroe Doctrine?point of the Monroe Doctrine?

• European countries European countries should stay out of the should stay out of the affairs of the Western affairs of the Western HemisphereHemisphere

Page 42: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What precedent did the What precedent did the Monroe Doctrine set for Monroe Doctrine set for American presidents ?American presidents ?

• American presidents would American presidents would consider it a threat to the United consider it a threat to the United States, if European countries States, if European countries meddled with countries in the meddled with countries in the Western HemisphereWestern Hemisphere

Page 43: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What were two trends in What were two trends in American life during the first American life during the first

half of the 19th century?half of the 19th century?

• Westward MovementWestward Movement• Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development

Page 44: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What type of economy What type of economy developed in the North developed in the North

during the first half of the during the first half of the 19th century?19th century?

• An Industrial EconomyAn Industrial Economy

Page 45: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What two transportation What two transportation improvements encouraged improvements encouraged westward movement and westward movement and economic development?economic development?

•CanalsCanals

•RailroadsRailroads

Page 46: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who invented the Who invented the cotton gin?cotton gin?

•Eli WhitneyEli Whitney

Page 47: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What did the What did the cotton gin do?cotton gin do?

•Separated cotton Separated cotton seeds from the cotton seeds from the cotton fiberfiber

Page 48: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What did the cotton gin What did the cotton gin cause to spread throughout cause to spread throughout

the Deep South?the Deep South?

• The “Cotton Kingdom” The “Cotton Kingdom” based on African-American based on African-American slaveryslavery

Page 49: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Did the cotton gin Did the cotton gin increase or decrease the increase or decrease the

demand for slaves?demand for slaves?

•IncreasedIncreased

Page 50: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What resulted from American immigration

into Texas?

•An armed revolt against Mexican rule

Page 51: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What happened at the Battle of the Alamo?

•The Mexican army killed all the Texans.

Page 52: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What later happened when the Texans defeated

the Mexican army?

•Texas gained its independence.

Page 53: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What action did the U.S. eventually take in

regard to Texas?

• Annexed Texas

• Added Texas to the U.S.

Page 54: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What idea provided What idea provided political support for political support for

territorial expansion?territorial expansion?

•Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Page 55: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What was Manifest What was Manifest Destiny?Destiny?

• The belief that it was God’s The belief that it was God’s will for the United States to will for the United States to stretch from the Atlantic to the stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

Page 56: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What war lasted from What war lasted from 1846 to 1848?1846 to 1848?

•The Mexican WarThe Mexican War

Page 57: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What two countries fought What two countries fought in the Mexican War?in the Mexican War?

•The United StatesThe United States

•MexicoMexico

Page 58: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

Who won the Who won the Mexican War?Mexican War?

•The United StatesThe United States

Page 59: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What was the What was the Mexican Cession?Mexican Cession?

• The territory the United The territory the United States got from Mexico at States got from Mexico at the end of the Mexican the end of the Mexican WarWar

Page 60: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

What present-day What present-day states were part of states were part of

the Mexican the Mexican Cession?Cession?

Page 61: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

• CaliforniaCalifornia

• NevadaNevada

• UtahUtah

• ArizonaArizona

• part of Coloradopart of Colorado

• part of New Mexicopart of New Mexico


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