Major Battles and Events

EUROPEAN FRONT: Before U.S. Enters the War

BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1940 Hitler knew he couldn’t defeat the British

Navy Began this battle as an air war (Luftwaffe) Worked well at first…

British develop superior aircraft Begin bombing German cities while

Germany bombed England at night.

WHERE DO WE START?

EUROPE

NORTH AFRICA

ASIA (PACIFIC)

Hitler Was Everywhere!

FRONTS

EUROPE:ALLIES TAKE ON GERMANY:GOAL: TO DEFEAT THEM

PACIFIC:DEFENSIVEDEFEAT NAZIS FIRST

EUROPEAN FRONT: U.S. Enter the War

MAJOR BATTLES: Battle of Stalingrad

SOVIETS BATTLE GERMANS AT STALINGRAD- AUGUST 1942-1943

Bloodiest standoff on the warOver one million casualties: 199 daysAllies decided to let Russia fight on their own

THIS DECISION WILL COST THE U.S. FUTURE RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS.

NORTH AFRICAN FRONTS

OFFENSIVE FIGHTROOSEVELT AND

CHURCHILL MEET IN MOROCCO: 1943

DECIDE NOT TO HELP SOVIETS INSTEAD STICK TO PLAN TO ATTACK FROM NORTH AFRICA INTO SICILY

NORTH AFRICAN BATTLES

OPERATION TORCH NOVEMBER 1942 DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER MOROCCO & ALGERIA FIRST FALL AS THEY HAVE

GERMAN PUPPET GOVT TUNISIA: ROMMEL(THE DESERT FOX) AND HIS

AFRIKA CORPS

MAY 1943: AXIS TROOPS SURRENDER AFRICA

European Battles

Eisenhower plans attacks on Italy after success in N. Africa with help of British

Campaign begins June 1943-Sicily-Anzio-Rome

Mussolini forced to resign in August 1943

European Front

April 29, 1945 Mussolini and 15 other fascist leaders are executed and hanged in the Piazzale Loreto in Milan.

EUROPEAN FRONT AND BATTLES

OPERATION OVERLORD (D-DAY) FDR STALIN CHURCHILL

MEET TO PLAN INVASION ACROSS ENGLISH CHANNEL

NORMANDYGERMANS EXPECTED THEM TO

ATTACK ELSEWHERE AT CALAIS

EUROPEAN BATTLES

NORMANDY, FRANCE (D-DAY) LARGEST AMPHIBIOUS INVASION JUNE 6, 1944*Code Breakers intercept Axis correspondence*

150,000 ALLIED SOLDIERS 600 WARSHIPS GENERAL DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER/Rommel for

Germans BY JULY: ALLIED FORCES IN FRANCE WAS OVER 1

MILLION HITLER HESITATES TO FIGHT BACK

World War II

D-DAY INVASION

OF NORMANDY

WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?

NAZIS CONTINUE TO FIGHT THROUGH AIR ATTACKS 1943 & 1944

OPERATION OVERLORD: DRIVE THE NAZIS OUT OF FRANCE AND HEAD THEM TOWARDS DEFEAT AT HOME

JUNE 6, 1944LARGEST AMPHIBIOUS INVASION

(INVASION BY SEA)

WHERE DID THIS TAKE PLACE?

60 MILE STRETCH OF NORMANDY COAST (NORTHERN FRENCH COAST)

HITLER CAUGHT UNAWARE: THOUGHT ATTACK WOULD BE FURTHER UP THE COAST AT CALAIS

326,000 SOLDIERS LAND THE FIRST WEEK, 50,000 VEHICLES, 100,000 TONS OF SUPPLIES

THE BEACHES

CODE NAMES: JUNO GOLD OMAHA UTAH SWORD

WHO WAS INVOLVED?

AMERICAN LEADER: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

GERMAN LEADER: ROMMELSOLDIERS

AMERICAN CANADIAN BRITISH GERMAN

D-DayAmerican soldiers wading through water into Nazi machine-gun fire on the coast of France.

European Front

Battle of the Bulge When? – December 16, 1944

Where? – border areas near Luxembourg, France and Germany

Results? – The Germans began a counterattack against the Allies as the Allies attempted to drive the Germans completely out of France.

Importance? – Germans begin retreat signaling their defeat. First time allies will enter Germany

since war started First time allies will see

concentration camps

· V-E Day (Victory in Europe)May 8, 1945

BATTLE OF THE BULGE (BELGIUM) LAST GERMAN OFFENSIVE OF WWII DECEBMER 1944 CLEARED WAY TO GERMANY SOVIETS ATTACK FROM THE EAST AMERICANS FROM THE WEST TIED DOWN HUGE AMOUNTS OF ALLIED RESOURCES

TAKE GERMANY

Red army soldiers raising the Soviet flag on the roof of the Reichstag (German Parliament) in Berlin, Germany.

Churchill waves to crowds in Britain after broadcasting to the nation that the war with Germany had been won,

V-E Day Celebrations in New York City, May 8, 1945.

V-E Day celebrations, Bay Street, Toronto, Canada May 7, 1945

VE-Day Parade, Red Square, Moscow, Russis

ASIAN FRONT

DEFENSIVE FRONT AGAINST JAPAN

JAPAN HAD TAKEN OVER GUAM, WAKE, SINGAPORE AND PHILIPPINES

How do we get them back?

Island Hopping

• The two main goals of the U.S. in the Pacific were:• I. to regain the Philippines.

• II. to invade Japan.The U.S. began a policy

of island hopping, using islands as stepping-stones towards Japan.

ASIAN FRONT

February of 1945 The U.S. recaptured the

Philippines, Iwo Jima and Okinawa.

Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima: depicts five United States Marines and a U.S. Navy corpsman raising the flag of the United States atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima.

ASIAN FRONT: THE TIDE TURNS

BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA-JAPAN WANTS TO TAKE AUSTRALIA-May 1942-Japan loses-Japanese naval aviation begins to decline.

ASIAN FRONT CONTINUED

MIDWAY ISLAND-CODE BREAKERS READY AMERICANS FOR THE ATTACK.

TAKE OUT FOUR OF FIVE JAPANESE CARRIERS

It limited Japan's ability to attack Hawaii again or other Allied positions.

OTHER ASIAN BATTLES

MORE BLOODY BATTLES:-GUADALCANAL SOLOMON ISLANDS AMERICANS CUT OFF JAPANESE SUPPLY LINES Became military base from which to counterattack the JapaneseIWO JIMA OKINAWA HEAVY CASUALTIES ON BOTH SIDES IN THESE

BATTLES

VICTORY IN THESE ISLANDS WIL BE KEY TO ALLIED VICTORY IN JAPAN