[email protected] english department fkip-unri & uir drama
TRANSCRIPT
Drama Maisrul
In general sense:
Any performance having story on the stage
Ex.
Pantomime, Opera, Play (Theater)
etc.
In Specific:
A work of literature consisting of entirely
dialogue, intended for actors to speak with
accompanying gestures before the audience
Drama Maisrul
Drama Maisrul
In this sense Drama could be said as Play
So the difference between Drama in general
and Play:
Drama belongs to any performance having story
Play is drama that have dialogue as a mean to deliver the story
Drama / Play Maisrul
Next time in this class whenever we talk about drama we refer to Play
“Play is Drama but not all drama are play”
Drama / Play Maisrul
Drama vs. Fiction
In drama the story is delivered entirely by dialogue.
In some parts, fiction has also dialogue, but it has narrative and description as well.In Drama, neither the audience nor the
reader is conscious of the author’s existing.
In Fiction, the narrative and description can give the author an opportunity to speak in
his own person.
Drama / Play Maisrul
Elements of Drama:DialogueStory (Plot)ConflictCharactersThemeActionSetting
Drama / Play
Dialogue
Function as - to provide necessary factual information- to reminice; to recall (bring to mind)- to characterize- to speculate- to foreshadow
Drama / Play
Story (Plot)
Begin/exposition
Rising action/Complication
Crisis/Climax
Falling action
Resolusion/Denuement
According to Gustav Freytag, German playwright and novelist, in Die Technik des Dramas
• The peak of the conflicts; no other new conflicts appear. climax the turning point
• The main character made the decision making to put the conflicts an end crisis
Drama / Play
Conflict
InternalExternal
Person - Person
Person - Group
Group - group Man - nature
The main problem in which the story talks about1. State the conflicts2. Identify the kind of the
conflict
Drama / Play
Place/Time
Setting
Function• backgrou
nd• Reinforcing the theme
• Antagonist
Man - nature
To identif y the relationship between the stor y and the setting
Drama / Play
Setting
Function• Background: The setting is only to
describe the place/time where and when the story happen.
• There’s no close relation
Drama / Play
Setting
Function
• There’s a very close relation
• Reinforcing the theme: The story has relationship with the setting because story tells something about the setting time/place.
Drama / Play
Setting
Function
• It could be close relation or not close relation
• Antagonist: If the story has external conflict; Men vs nature.
• close relation : If the story is based on true story.• Not close relation : If the story is not based on true.
Characters
• Static Characters• Dynamic Characters• Flat Characters• Round CharactersComplex Characters
Simple Characters
• Main/Major Characters• Minor Characters
CHARACTERS
• Antagonist • & Protagonist
Any person/individual in a story 1. To describe the characterization of
the character from behavior/attitude from manner from the way of thinking
2. To find out the kinds
Round Characters
CHARACTERSCharacters
CHARACTERS
• Based on the main part or roles in the story
Main/Major Characters The character s in which
the story focus on them
Minor Characters The character sin which
the story doesn’t focus on them
Round Characters
CHARACTERSCharacters who are most complex and realistic; they represent a depth of personality. They frequently possess both good and bad traits, they may react unexpetedly or become entangled in their own interior conflicts. They also called as “Complex Character”
- Dr. Jekyll in ‘Dr. Jekyll nd Mr . Hyde’
- Dr. Frankenstein in ‘Frankenstein
Based on the personal traits
CHARACTERSThey lack of realistic and have simple personality. They only concern on their own problems and interests. This character is also called “Simple Character”
Flat Characters
- Juana in ‘The Pearl’
CHARACTERS
• Based on the possibility to changeDynamic Characters
The character that has possibility to changeThe change should be significant to the story
Static CharactersThe character that still remain the same from the beginning to the end of the story.
Round Characters
CHARACTERSCharacters
CHARACTERS
• Based on normative value (if the conflict between good forces against bad (evil) forces)
Antagonist The character that’s
regarded having bad temper , mood or behavior. The character ‘s always described as the opponent of the protagonist
Protagonist The character is
described to posses a good moral , manner or behavior. The character always struggle against the antagonist
CHARACTERS
The way to interpret the characterization in a play can be based on:1. The name and physical appearance2. The individual’s patterns of action over the course
of the play3. The way a character speaks (dialect, word choice,
background of intelligence)4. The way a character responds5. What others say about the character
sSymbol Something in the story that
means more than what it is. It could be an object, a person, a situation that has a literal meaning in the story but suggest or represents other meanings as well.
Ex. A flower or rose could mean a woman or a girl A sword could mean strength or power or have a knight’s value , like Excalibur sword from the Legend of King Arthur.
sSymbol 1. Universal /International
Symbol
Ex. 1. A flower or rose could mean a woman or a girl
2. Traditional/natural Symbol3. Local/Personal Symbol
2. Dragon in Europe and in China 3. Ring in “The Lord of the Ring”
Drama / PlayTheme
ConflictSettingCharact
ers
Story/plot
Symbol The central though or idea of the story
sTheme
1.In form of statement; Sentence 2.The generalisation of human life 3. The central point of the story
Action
Although the action of a play is suggested in the script, it is often considered as the product of the performance
The implementation of action from the script
or its realization is depend on the actor/actress on the stage or from the director.
